papers, claimed that they would carry East Tennessee. And yet when the votes were polled they lacked some twenty thousand votes of carrying East Tennessee, whilst out of thirty-one counties they carried five,— four of these by small majorities.

As soon as one defeat is over, they prepare for another, and tell, write, and publish the most extravagant falsehoods as to changes that are going on. We notify them that the ballot-box, on the first Thursday in August, will again convict them of lying. If they have the recruits they boast of, let them elect members to Congress and to the Legislature from East Tennessee. We give them notice that the Union raen intend to elect, and that they will do it fairly by majorities, and through the ballot-box.

July 6.

CHAPTER XI.

THE DISTINCTION BETWEEN THE PARTIES-INFAMY OF THE LEADERS OF THIS REBELLION-REBEL STEALING IN TENNESSEE-REBEL STEALING IN RICHMOND-SWINDLING HORSE-CONTRACTS-THE SCRIPTURES AGAINST THESE EXTORTIONERS.

As a general thing, in speaking of the troops of the two contending armies we speak of them as "Union troops" and"Confederates." The European papers call the former the "Federal troops." The Government troops should be called the National troops, because ours is a NATION, and has been ever since we abandoned the old "Confederation" and established a National Government.

The Southern troops should not be designated as "Confederates," for we do not recognize their right to separate themselves from the National Government. They are legally nothing more nor less than rebels, or insurgents, and they should be so characterized when we have occasion to speak of them. There is much in a name. Let the two parties, then, in all time to come, be known as the Rebels and Nationals.

The day is coming when the originators of this rebellion will be pilloried in history, as history must name them, and can only name them with scorn. I do not allude to those in obscurity, persons of no

mark, who have retired within the veil of the obscurity of mediocrity; but I allude to the leaders,—the men raised to high public positions, who led off in this infernal crusade, and now head their bogus Government and their retreating army. They are now being despised by thousands who have been their tools, and who had not nerve enough to resist their bad designs in the outset. These villains will stand conspicuous in all coming time, as a man upon the gallows stands; and, to increase their misery, they will have no sympathy from any quarter. No loyal man will welcome one of them to his house, or call a child by his name. Their careers will end before their lives, and after death-if not before their names will become the synonyms of dishonor and contempt.

Rebel swindling has outstripped any other thieving heard of in the history of this war. I could give many instances, but will content myself with a few, authenticated by Rebel papers. The Clarksville (Tenn.) Chronicle thus rebukes certain unmitigated Shylocks in Middle Tennessee :

แ

When we think of the self-sacrificing patriotism of our brave volunteers, and then look at the Shylocks at home who extort the last cent from their families for the necessaries of life, the contrast is painfully disgusting. The cause of the South must suffer severely under such a state of things; and should the war continue long, the country will learn, to its cost, that men will not volunteer to fight its battles, leaving their dependent wives and daughters to the tender charities

of the sharpers who have no higher or holier ambition than to speculate upon the scanty pittance of daily bread that prolongs, without comforting, life. The soldier has no spirit to fight the common enemy when he knows that he leaves behind him a deadly foe to the comforts of his family, and is made to feel that every danger he encounters and every hardship he endures is for the defence of the mercenary and heartless speculators who make dire necessity the pretext for oppression. The press, in every section of the Confederacy, is loud in its complaints against such unnatural conduct, and in North Carolina the Government has found it necessary to interpose its authority for the protection of families against the monopolizing greed of those who seek to build up fortunes upon the necessities of the times. If common humanity, or a sense of shame, cannot reach these men, and the laws will not, the time is not distant when Judge Lynch will pass sentence upon them."

The Richmond Examiner-the organ of Jeff Davis -for January 17, thus notices the frauds in the Treasury Department at Richmond :—

"We are aware of the recent occurrence of some bold frauds on the Treasury, which have been conveniently hushed up in that department. We have avoided any particular statement of the facts, as Mr. Memminger, instead of bringing the matter to the examination of the civil courts, where it would have got to the public, adopted the expedient of turning out all the clerks in one of the rooms of the department, thereby confounding the innocent with the guilty, on account of the former of whom we were loath to make the subject one of publication in the newspapers.

"In the matter, however, of these frauds there has been an amount of official carelessness and negligence to which we not only feel free, but are constrained by

public duty, to refer. It appears that the fraud consisted in the abstraction of whole sheets of signed Treasury notes. At one time one sheet was abstracted, and the fraud reported to Mr. Memminger. But a few days ago two sheets were abstracted. In both instances, occurring at different times, the fraud was accomplished by the neglect in the department to count the sheets as they passed from hand to hand. Each sheet probably represented several thousand dollars, and was as good as so much money; and the practice of shuffling them from hand to hand, and taking no account of them, affords not only an instance of the grossest carelessness ever heard of in a Government, but actually offered a premium for the fraud of clerks. What would be thought of not counting coin in a mint? And yet it would be less reckless than the omission to count sheets of paper representing thousands of dollars, any one of which might be abstracted as easily as a single gold eagle from a heap of coin."

The Richmond Examiner for January 15 thus exposes the swindling of its partisans in "horse-contracts:"

The Horse-Contracts.

"We have reason to believe that, in some of the purchasing departments of the Government, monstrous and audacious frauds have been perpetrated; and we expect soon to be in possession of the facts to authorize a complete exposure of this matter. There is talk on the street that one single horse-contract of a wellknown official here has realized him a fortune. We have more than once had our attention called to the curious management of a fraud in the purchase of horses for the Government. It is for the purchasing officer, in the first instance, to reject horses that are offered, as not coming up to the Government standard or as unsound; a pimp or accomplice is kept to buy