His Youthful Heroism, manifested in an attack upon the Wax- haw Settlement during the Revolution, and when but a boy of fourteen years of age,... . . . 140 Proclamation to the Nullifiers of South Carolina,.......... 197 Farewell Address, on retiring from the Presidency,........ 220 THE LIFE OF ANDREW JACKSON. CHAPTER I. FROM 1767 TO 1812. His birth and parentage-Enters the American Revolutionary army -Cruelty of a British officer-Death of his brother and motherStudies the law in North Carolina-Settles in Tennessee as a barrister-Chosen a member of the Tennessee Convention-Elected a member of Congress-Chosen a Senator of the Congress-Made Major-General of Tennessee-Resigns his seat in the SenateAppointed a Judge of the Supreme Court-Resigns and retires to his farm. ANDREW JACKSON was born on the 15th day of March, 1767. His father, (Andrew,) the youngest son of his family, emigrated to America from Ireland during the year 1765, bringing with him two sons, Hugh and Robert, both very young. Landing at Charleston, in South Carolina, he shortly afterward purchased a tract of land, in what was then called the Waxsaw settlement, about forty-five miles above Camden; at which place the subject of this history was born. Shortly after his birth, his father died, leaving three sons to be provided for by their mother. She appears to have been an exemplary woman, and to have executed the arduous duties which had devolved on her with great faithfulness and with much To the lessons she inculcated on the youthful minds success. of her sons was, no doubt, owing, in a great measure, that fixed opposition to British tyranny and oppression, which afterward so much distinguished them. Often would she spend the winter's evenings in recounting to them the sufferings of their grandfather at the seige of Carrickfergus, and the oppressions exercised by the nobility of Ireland over the laboring poor; impressing it upon them as a first duty, to expend their lives, if it should become necessary, in defending and supporting the natural rights of man. Inheriting but a small patrimony from their father, it was impossible that all the sons could receive an expensive education. The two eldest were therefore only taught the rudiments of their mother tongue, at a common country school. But Andrew, being intended by his mother for the ministry, was sent to a flourishing academy at the Waxsaw meetinghouse, superintended by Mr. Humphries. Here he was placed at the study of the dead languages, and continued until the revolutionary war, extending its ravages into that section of South Carolina where he then was, rendered it necessary that every one should betake himself to the American standard, seek protection with the enemy, or flee his country. It was not an alternative that admitted of a tedious deliberation. The natural ardor of his temper, deriving encouragement from the recommendations of his mother, whose feelings were not less alive on the occasion than his own, and excited by those sentiments in favor of liberty with which, by her conversation, his mind had been early imbued, quickly determined him in the course to be pursued; and at the tender age of fourteen, accompanied by his brother Robert, he hastened to the American camp, and engaged actively in the service of his country. His oldest brother, who had previously joined the army, had lost his life at the battle of Stono, from the excessive heat of the weather and the fatigues of the day. Both Andrew and Robert were at this period pretty well acquainted with the manual exercise, and had some idea of the different evolutions of the field, having been indulged by their mother in attending the drill and general musters of the neighborhood. The Americans being unequal, as well from the inferiority |