Shopping, poetry of..... Silver, purchase of, by U. S. mint product of, throughout the world.... 360 66 causes of scarcity of.... deposits at U. S. mint of Sixpenny savings banks in New York. 66 what it has yet to do 575 384 775 and Commerce of Cincinnati in 1852-3 690 265 ..... 752 774 Treaty of Commerce bet, U. S. & S. Salvador 487 319 355 U. 740 633 740 Sisargas Island, fixed light on .... 633 Slavery, commercial benefits of..........325, 707 Smuggler, anecdote of a Chinese.... 519 Smuggling by women in Paris Song of the miner, from the German... South Carolina, attachment law of.. 66 United Kingdom, imports into in 1851-2.... 100 mint, purchase of silver by.... 355 goods in warehouses of the.... & S. Salvador, com. treaty bet. 487 219 98 Statistics of life and death on the railroad... 245 tounage of the several districts. 481 66 mail steamers, appropriations. 121 I. FINANCIAL HISTORY OF THE REIGN OF LOUIS PHILIPPE.-PART 11. Translated from the French of M. S. DUMON, late Minister of Finance, for the Merchants' Magazine. 19 II. MERCANTile biographY.-GEORGE HUDSON, THE "RAILROAD KING" (II. TRAITS OF TRADE-LAUDABLE AND INIQUITOUS.-ABOUT CREDIT-SPECULA- IV. COMMERCIAL CITIES AND TOWNS OF THE UNITED STATES.-No. XXXIV. THE CITY OF SAVANNAH. By JOSEPH F. GREENOUGH, of New York, late of Georgia..... 57 V. THE BALTIMORE AND OHIO RAILROAD AND ITS WESTERN CONNECTIONS. By J. E. SNODGRASS, A. M., M. D., of Maryland............ VI. BANK NOTE COUNTERFEITS AND ALTERATIONS.-THEIR REMEDY. By a Bank Libel for Collision, (case in U. S. District Court). Letters of Credit, (case in Lord Mayor's Court, London).. Bill of Lading-Quantity-Right to pay freight on overplus when cargo is damaged, (English Close of the Fiscal Year, and General Review of the Commerce of the United States for the same-Some of the Causes and Effects of the Increased Prosperity of the Country-The Balance of Trade-Commercial Intercourse with the Interior-Supply and Value of Domestic Products-Increased Amount of Precious Metals in the hands of the people-Product of Aus- tralian Gold Fields-Product and Deposits of California Gold-Coinage for May-Imports at New York for May, and from January first-Imports of Dry Goods for May, and for five months-Cash Revenue of the Country-Exports from New York for May, and from January first-Comparative Shipments of Produce-Prospect of Future Demand for Breadstuffs Abroad -Advance in Rates of Discount by the Bank of Engiand, with the causes which produced it, and the effect upon this country-Stock Market-New Loan-Effect upon the Commercial World of the Political Troubles in Europe-China and the China Trade, with Statistics of our JOURNAL OF BANKING, CURRENCY, AND FINANCE. Synopsis of the free banking law of Louisiana Basis of banking capital in New York-Gov. Seymour's veto message..... Commerce and navigation of the United Kingdom for years ending Jan. 5, 1852 and 1853....... 100 Imports of principal articles of foreign and colonial merchandise into United Kingdom in 1852-3. 100 Value of domestic produce, &c., exported from the United States to China from 1831 to 1851... 104 Value of imports into the United States from China annually from 1831 to 1851, inclusive Direct trade between the United States and China from 1831 to 1851, inclusive Export of teas from China to United States in 1851 and 1852.. Exports of tea from China in each year from 1844 to 1852, inclusive....... Imports from and exports to Mexico from 1829 to 1851, inclusive Shipping, exports, and revenue of leading ports in the United Kingdom. Customs duties in England.-Consumption of cotton in the world.... Act of Maine relating to peddlers.-Act of N. Y. to punish frauds and suppress moek auctions.. 111 Reduction of postage to Brazil and Java.-California incorporation law... Tonnage duties on Spanish vessels from Cuba to Porto Rico.-Regulations of British tobacco trade 113 Foreign postage on pamphlets and magazines. Letter from the Postmaster General to the editor of Merchants' Magazine. HUNT'S MERCHANTS' MAGAZINE AND COMMERCIAL REVIEW. JULY, 1853. Art. I.-FINANCIAL HISTORY OF THE REIGN OF LOUIS PHILIPPE PART II.* IN 1840 the construction of Railways had but slightly engaged the public attention. The execution of the vast schemes proposed to the chambers in 1838 seemed to surpass the strength of the State and private enterprise succumbed under its first attempt. The discussions were wasted in idle controversies between systems. In 1840 all the systems were tested. The government made some concessions to companies, it encouraged others by loans, and it executed some lines at its own cost. The first essays illustrated the administration of M. le Comte Ianbert, and returned before long the most fortunate results. But unity was wanting to these trials. The system of railroads in France was not even traced by law. The government did not enter into this great and difficult enterprise until 1842. It could no longer keep back. The activity of Europe became a danger and a reproach to France. A law, frequently quoted in the history of our public works, was framed, (the law of the 10th June, 1812,) which traced the great lines that, parting from Paris on the center, would reach every one of our frontiers. The cost of establishment was divided between private enterprise and the State; the management was reserved to private enterprise. This system did not task sufficiently private enterprise; but after such continued adjournments any solution of the question was a benefit. Experience has taught that the solution thus adopted was susceptible of ameliorations, but at this time it was the only system practicable. Although the burdens of the State were somewhat reduced they were not less heavy, and extraordinary resources became necessary to support them. An appeal having been made so recently to the credit of the State, forbade hoping succor from that source for several years; the reserves of the sinking fund belonged to the three years that were burdened with a deficit, but as the establishment of the The present part is the conclusion of this paper, which was commenced in the number for June |