Alburgh (Windmill Point), Isle La Motte (Blanchard's Point), Colchester Reef, Burlington Breakwater, Juniper Island (Burlington Harbor).

LAKE MEMPHREMAGOG.

Newport and Whipple Point, Maxfield Point, Hero Island.

Federal Court Houses in Vermont. Windsor, Rutland, Burlington, Montpelier.

Ports of Entry in Vermont.

Burlington, St. Albans, Alburgh (bridge), Alburgh Springs, Windmill Point (in Alburgh), Swanton, Highgate, Franklin, Berkshire, Richford, North Troy, Derby, Island Pond, Canaan, Beecher Falls (in Canaan).

THE HISTORY OF VERMONT.

CHAPTER I.

EXPLORATIONS. RAIDS. FIRST SETTLEMENT. WAR

PARTIES.

1. First Exploration.-Samuel Champlain entered the lake that now bears his name, July 4, 1609. He came from Quebec, where he had made a settlement the year before and where he had wintered. He was accompanied by two Frenchmen and sixty Indians of the Algonquin race. The party worked slowly up the lake and at the end of three weeks met a larger band of Iroquois Indians near Ticonderoga, whom they fought and defeated. Champlain's party then hastened back to Canada with booty and prisoners. While on this expedition Champlain saw and explored a portion of Vermont. It was the first exploration of the State by white men.

England and Canada. Another family, the Iroquois, had their chief seats in New York. The valley of Lake Champlain was disputed territory through which war parties often passed. Champlain settled among the Algonquins and gained their friendship. They would assist him to explore Lake Champlain only on condition that he would assist them against their enemies, the Iroquois, in case they met them. Champlain and his two white companions aided the Algonquins in the battle near Ticonderoga. The Iroquois had never before seen white men nor fire-arms, which proved very destructive to them. From this time the Iroquois were bitterly hostile to the French and made frequent raids upon them. For protection against the Iroquois the French built forts along the Richelieu River and one, Fort St. Anne, on Isle La Motte in Lake Champlain. This was built in 1666 and was the first point occupied by white men in Vermont.

Soon after their alliance with the French the Algonquins began, or renewed, a settlement near the Lower Falls of the Missisquoi River, now called Swanton Falls, which was continued with one short interruption till the settlement of the town by the English after the close of the Revolutionary War. No other so permanent Indian settlement has been known in Vermont since its discovery by Champlain.

3. Expedition against the Mohawks.-At the beginning of October, 1666, a force of twelve hundred French and one hundred Indians was encamped near Fort St. Anne, on its way to chastise the Mohawks, a tribe of the Iroquois. They passed up Lake Champlain and Lake George, crossed to the Mohawk Valley and reached the Indian villages which were surrounded by triple palisades, while within were raised platforms for the discharge of arrows and stones against an attacking enemy and water tanks made of