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tower was thus left in imminent danger of falling from the weight of the belfry story, to sustain which it had not been originally intended. The first and most important point was to strengthen the walls and bases of the columns, to restore the groining, and to secure the round tower by iron bands. But it was moreover proposed to take off the belfry story; to clear away the earth, which had accumulated against the walls, to the original earth line; to restore the semicircular Norman windows (of which fortunately one remained in the clerestory, and served as a model); to remove all the pews and the gallery from the circular part; to procure equivalent and more convenient, if not increased, accommodation, by building a south aisle to the present chancel, corresponding to that on the north aisle; to recast and relay the entire leaden roof of the chancel; and to provide for the reception of the peel of bells. The cost of the alterations then contemplated was roughly estimated at something above 1,000l.; 300%. of which the parishioners had resolved in vestry to raise on the credit of the rates.

With the amount they had collected, the committee proceeded to strengthen, as was proposed, the walls and columns at the foundations by beds of concrete interposed; to restore the groining of the circular aisle; to remove the belfry story, and surmount the original part of the tower with a conical roof of stone; to replace the unsightly perpendicular insertions by Norman windows, which have since (all but two in the clerestory and two in the circular aisle) been appropriately filled with stained glass of great beauty, the gift of individual contributors; and lastly, to erect an entirely new (south) aisle, to supply the room for divine worship, which had been lost by the removal of the pews and gallery that previously disfigured the round part of the building.

In the progress of the works, the masonry of the east end of the chancel, and that of the north aisle, (composed of red brick much decayed, and pierced with square-headed windows divided by wooden mullions, presenting altogether a painfully offensive contrast to the rest of the fabric, now restored in appropriate architectural character, and in stone), was found besides to be so insecure, as to make it impossible, with any regard to propriety and safety, and eventually even to economy, to put the roof on that part of the church intended for divine worship,

while they remained. This had not formed part of the original design, which was confined to the two objects of restoring effectively the ancient building to its primitive character, and providing, by an improved arrangement of the more modern part, for at least an equal amount of accommodation. At the point to which the works had now advanced, the interior being exposed to the weather, and the graves in the chancel being actually full of water, the committee had no choice but to yield to a necessity, to which, however serious the risk to which it committed them, they will not pretend that they were reluctantly compelled. They felt themselves pledged not to leave their work imperfect, as would have been the case if it remained half stone, half red brick, with a mean crumbling debased building on the north (the most exposed) side to correspond with the handsome new perpendicular aisle, unhappily covered by surrounding houses, on the south. They therefore directed the works to proceed, resolving to rebuild these portions uniformly with the rest in appropriate style and character. The church will thus have a new north, as well as a new south, aisle, presenting, in the rear of the ancient Norman circular vestibule, an eastern elevation of three beautiful and uniform parallel gables, with highpitched roofs, and crosses at the ends; its foundations (in concrete) are by this time as hard as a rock, effectually obviating any further risk of the walls being undermined by graves, the proximate cause of the late disaster; it will be of stone, complete and symmetrical in its details, and (so far as stability and amount of provision for divine worship are concerned, and as consists with a scrupulous adherence to the ascertained character of the ancient building) a new church. It will not be thought entitled to less sympathy than a new church usually commands, because God has been worshipped in it already for almost seven centuries and a half: nor has it appeared to the committee to be a consideration of trifling importance, that the choicest sacred edifice erected in this university town at an epoch of universal religious movement should be one in the communion of the National Church. It will be among the most curious ecclesiastical monuments of Europe; it will be the most interesting antiquity of Cambridge; and it may last a thousand years. But to make it so will yet cost 1,4001.* The committee can spend this well, and more.

* We have been unfortunately prevented from giving detailed estimates of the probable expense, (according as we finish the restoration in the way we wish, or in the way we must,) by an

It will not have been overlooked that many expenses yet remain, after the restoration of the building shall have been completed, before it can be opened for public worship with its interior arrangements in harmony with its exterior interest and execution. The committee of course will not be satisfied without its being furnished with (to say the least) a suitable provision for the celebration of either sacrament: it is impossible on entering the church not to desire, may it not be rather said, not to foresee, that the Round Church, with its lofty vault, and now vacant of pews, will have for its sole furniture a rich and elaborate font crowned with an aspiring cover: the chancel moreover and its aisles will require to be supplied with all that is necessary to the reception of the parishioners and the due celebration of Divine service; the floor to be laid down with encaustic tiles; appropriate provision made, whatever that may be, for the reception of the bells; and the whole precinct to be bounded by some more decent substitute for the present brick wall. The conviction that these wants will be supplied, and in harmony with the general character of the fabric, has been one motive with the committee for proceeding in the restoration on a scale the most complete and generous. this respect the present undertaking, if successful, will hold out to future churchrestorers a practical proof that the most liberal plan is likewise the most economical that help is sure to be obtained when it is found to be well bestowed. The presents of this sort already given or promised during its progress testify sufficiently to the truth of this principle; a principle, however, which, as it cannot be concealed that there will always be not a few who either have not yet been convinced of it, or unhappily feel themselves committed to disprove it, would seem to give to the promoters of this work a proportionally stronger claim upon the prompt and cordial co-operation of all, who, whether connected immediately with Cambridge or not, know that on the diffusion of it depends in a great degree the effectual restoration of our churches and of church architecture throughout the land.

In

more or less to its eventual completeness. Those hitherto engaged in it have nothing more that they can do. The parish, in addition to a vote in vestry double in amount of what it was thought practicable to collect for any purpose, has promoted a supplemental subscription within itself amounting to about 100%. The committee are entirely satisfied with the skill and vigilance of the clerk of the works, as well as with the ability and zeal of the architect: they consider the contracts to have been carefully made and faithfully executed; they have certainly spared no pains or watchfulness on their part, to hasten the period at which the parishioners shall no longer be excluded from the offices of religion in their own church. The work is now proceeding on the personal security of those engaged in conducting it, with a view to the roof being put on the chancel before the winter sets in. If it be, as they believe, matter of general congratulation that, at the risk and through the exertions of a few irresponsible individuals, the church has been preserved, it will not be unreasonable in them now to ask for that assistance in carrying the work through, in reliance upon which it was undertaken, and without which it does not appear how it should be accomplished.

The committee respectfully submit that they have no resources at their disposal for the execution of such a work as this, which the unhesitating gift, by each individual who approves of it, of a contribution too small to be felt, would accomplish in a moment. The funds of the CAMBRIDGE CAMDEN SOCIETY are barely sufficient to cover its current expenses, and enable it by small but judicious appropriations to originate restorations which others are thus induced to carry out; and the committee have hitherto abstained from making application to the Incorporated Society, though fully entitled to do so, by the fact that the intended alteration will now include a large increase of accommodation desiring to set an example in this, as well as in other particulars, of the duty incumbent upon all church-restorers, of doing every one his own work as well, and as far, as he can; and they are themselves manifestly unequal to so large an outlay, even if it should be thought right to leave it to them as the reward of their interference.

Enough is now done in the work, and known of the proposed design, to enable every one to form a judgment as to the merit of its execution, and to contribute accident which befell the architect when on his way to Cambridge, on the day on which he received our letter requesting those particulars, and which has since disabled him from attending to any business.

Further particulars may be seen in a Letter inserted in the Morning Herald of Nov. 22, and copied into the Cambridge Chronicle of Nov. 26.

Northumberland.-We beg attention to an interesting paper which will be found appended to our present number; a circular by the Hon. and Rev. J. Grey, vicar of Wooler, on the subject of St. Ninian's Church, Fenton, which he proposes to build on the old site, where the foundations of the former Church distinctly remain. Mr. Grey may well hope that "the case will be found to be more than locally interesting," as our readers may judge by referring to his very pleasing address. We wish it were accompanied by the vignette which embellishes the larger copies, and which gives the promise of a very beautiful building in the ancient style. The following are some of the particulars:

The east window will be of stained glass, by Mr. Wailes of Newcastle. The subjects will be a Blood Red Cross with a scroll underneath. "God forbid that I should glory, save in the Cross of our Lord Jesus Christ."

The four windows in the body of the Church will also be of stained glass, the subjects the four Holy Evangelists, one in each window.

Two of these, St. Matthew and St. John, are already undertaken by some of the parishioners. The east window is also promised. In the west, over the doorway will be a handsome rose window, and probably with representations, in stained glass, of the chief events in the history of St. Ninian.

Pews.-The following extract from a Staffordshire paper speaks for itself— "Ex uno disce omnes" :

"There are parties living who can well remember the time when there was not a single pew in the body of the church of Ashton-under-Lyne; there were only open benches. Pews, therefore, are of comparatively recent innovation. Gradually, pew after pew was erected, and the then churchwardens seem to have allowed parties to enclose the floor of the church, and to exercise rights of ownership over the portion so enclosed, to the exclusion of the other parishioners. These pews have, in many instances, been regularly, the most illegally, bought and sold like other property; and locks have been placed upon the pew doors, in order that no one but the owner (so called) might have entrance. What is this but shutting out the poor from the worship of God in his holy temple ?-that temple which was erected by the piety of our forefathers, not for the use of the exclusive few, but for the parishioners of Ashton-underLyne generally. And what, in reality, has been, and is the effect of these pews?

I am informed, that at the present moment there are not forty free sittings in the whole parish church; and what few there are, placed in the worst position, where the aged and infirm can with difficulty see or hear; and yet the parish contains 40,000 souls! Again, in the Sunday school connected with the parish church there are more than 1,400 children, and yet not more than forty or fifty of these poor children can attend their church each Sunday, and these are placed on the steps round the railing of the altar; the pews forbid further space being allotted to them. I need not say that numbers of these Sunday school children can never attend their parish church at all. The question then is, whether the body of the parish church shall be again made free, and restored to the use of the parishioners generally, or whether it shall continue in the hands of a few pew owners. That the parishioners have a right to the body of the church is undeniable; and though some who have purchased their pews may naturally feel angry and reluctant to the idea of their being removed, and open sittings again restored and substituted in their stead, yet I feel convinced, that on calm consideration, they will gladly relinquish their fancied rights to these unsightly pews, and hail, with the delight which every true Christian must feel, the sight of their fellow-parishioners meeting together with them for the worship of God in his holy temple; they will gladly lend their aid to bring together larger numbers of parishioners to the parish church; and they will remember, that in God's house worldly distinction should be laid aside, and that there rich and poor meet together, the Lord being the Maker of them all.' "I am, sir, your very obedient servant, LEGH RICHMOND. "Ashton-under-Lyne, Nov. 17, 1842."

ANCIENT MUSIC.

[It may surprise some of our readers to learn, that the following extract occurs in an American periodical. If our fellow-churchmen in America are indeed reviving ecclesiastical music, we shall soon have to learn a lesson from them. Some of our churches, which boast most of a return to ancient usages are, alas! in the very predicament supposed in the concluding paragraph.]

"The restoration of the Gregorian chant is another sign of a return to the good old things of the Church. We shall be in less danger of modern innovations in religion, if we are accustomed to the simple and solemn strains of the ancient ecclesiastical melodies. We shall love

an revere the liturgy more if we use it in connexion with music almost as old as some parts of the service to which it is sung.

"Were these chants universally introduced, and properly used, as they might be, if clergymen would interest themselves in a subject which they can hardly neglect with a due regard for the decency of divine worship, the religious effect of our services would be greatly heightened. We should have the aid of devotional music, without the hindrance of worldly associations. We should not be continually seeking new tunes any more than we seek new prayers, -and we should perceive the profanity-to which, unhappily, we are now accustomed-of singing the words of inspiration to the light and tripping airs of the dance or the opera." New York Churchman, Sept. 24.

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Opening of the New Romish Church, Pontefract, Yorkshire.-This edifice, built by Mr. Pugin, and erected, without regard to expense, by Mrs. Tempest, in the grounds of her mansion, the Grange, near Pontefract, was opened for consecration on Wednesday, the 12th of October, when a

solemn pontifical high mass was celebrated by the Right Rev. Dr. Brown, assisted by a large body of the clergy. The choir sang Haydn's Mass, No. 3, with equal judgment. Miss Parsons, of Preston, sang the principal solos. The organ, built by Bevington, of London, from a design by Pugin, is on a novel plan, there being no top of casework above the gilt pipes, and showing the west window through the centre. It has much power and sweetness; and the effect produced by the choir singing the Gregorian vespers, with alternate verses by the clergy from the sanctuary, caused us to regret that the ancient music of the church is not more studied and adopted in this country.-The Catholic.

[If a consistent restoration of ancient music is really desired, the sooner Palestrina or Vittoria are substituted for Haydn and Mozart the better. It is true, there would be no opportunity then for Miss Parsons to exercise her powers in solos. One grand effect of the restoration of the church-style would be the total exclusion of these showy individual exhibitions. Hence, partly, the dislike which many of our modern singers entertain to its revival.]

SCOTLAND.

DUNFERMLINE.-The consecration of the new church took place on Tuesday, the 25th of October. Among the Clergy in attendance were the Right Reverend the Bishop of Glasgow. the Right Rev. the Bishop of Edinburgh, the Very Rev. the Dean of Dunkeld, Revs. D. Bagot, G. Coventry, N. Johnston, and E. B. Field. The church itself, which is a very handsome edifice, is cruciform, and is built in the early English style. The chancel window of stained glass is large

and deservedly admired, and has been pronounced superior to anything of the kind in our metropolis. The service for the consecration, and which included that of the day, was performed by the Bishop of Glasgow, assisted by the Revs. G. Coventry and D. Bagot, and Mr. Field, the incumbent; the sermon was preached by the Bishop of Edinburgh; after which, the communion was administered by the Bishops to upwards of fifty communi

cants.

CHURCHES CONSECRATED.

Bistree, near Mold, Flintshire...... Bishop of St. Asaph
Holy Trinity, Ash, Kent..............Bishop of Rochester, for Archbp. of

Bexhill (Chapel of Ease).

Canterbury....
Bishop of Chichester

Bishop of London.......

Mow-cop, Staffordshire................. Bp. of Hereford, for Bp. of Lichfield
Romford, Essex, St. Thomas

Writtle, near Chelmsford, Essex, St.Bishop of London .......................

Oct. 25.

Oct. 29.

Oct. 31.

Paul's....

Witham, Essex, All Saints ............

Bishop of London

Nov. 1.

Bitton, near Bristol

Bishop of Gloucester & Bristol.....

FOUNDATIONS LAID.

Eysey, near Cricklade-Norman style; architect, Mr. Derick, of Oxford;} Nov. 3. to be built at the expense of Earl St. Germains.......

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Parlia-

AFFGHANS and Ten Tribes, 697.
Africa, Southern. [Moffat's Missionary La-
bours. Moodie's Specimens, &c.
mentary Papers relative to Southern Africa.
Mirror of Parliament.] 547-564; 634-660.
Neglected and imperfect state of the Church
at the Cape as compared with the sects,
549-560. Labours of the united brethren of
the Missionaries of the London Society,
551, 552. Bushmen, their circumstances and
character, 553-555. Dr. Vanderkemp, 552--
557. Orange River crossed by Missionaries,
560. Conversion of Africaner, the freebooting
chief, 563. War with the Dutch boors-has
terminated in a large accession to English
territory, 634, 635. Labours of Mr. Moffat,
his residence amongst the Bechuanas, 637-
640. His visit to Makaba, 641. Conversions,
644. Difficulty of contending with the prac-
tice of polygamy, 645. Visit to Moselekatse,
650. Importance of sending a Bishop to
Southern Africa, 660.

Anglo-Catholicism. [Gresley's Bernard Leslie.
Watson's Letter to the Laily. Percival's Col-
lection of Papers connected with the present
Theological movement.] 58-74. Distinction
between the Reformation period and the pre-
sent movement, 58. Authority the charac-
teristic principle of the revival of Anglo-
Catholicism, 59. Details involved in the
discussion may be questionable, yet the prin-
ciple unimpaired, 60. In principle the Anglo-
Catholics one, and the low party one,
instanced in Dr. Hampden's case, 63. Cha-
racter of Mr. Gresley's style and analysis of
Bernard Leslie, 63-68. Strictures on por-
tions, 68-71. Present rancour and clamour
against catholic truth instanced in Mr. Noel's
sermon at St. Clement Danes, and Mr.
Stowell's speech at Exeter Hall, 72-74.
Anglo-Saxon Literature. [Biographia Britan-
nica Literaria, Anglo-Saxon period, by Thos.
Wright, M.A.] 163-181. Romances of the
Anglo-Saxons, 164, 165. Religious poetry,
166, 167. Latin writers among the Anglo-
Saxons, 168. Restoration of Anglo-Saxon by
Alfred, 169. Alfric, the grammarian, 170.
A witness against transubstantiation, 171.
State of Science, 173. Hamiltonian system,
175. Riddles and Enigmas, 176. Geometry
and Astronomy, 177. Geography and Geo-
logy, 178. Medical science, 179. Charms
and strange recipes, 180, 181.

NO. XXIV.-N. S.

Athanasius, St., Controversial Treatises of
[Select Treatises of St. Athanasius translated,
&c.] 32-42. St. Jerome's exposition of
Matt. x. 16; mode in which the principle
therein was felt and acted on by the early be-
lievers-illustrated in the Arian controversy,
32-34. Labours and sufferings of St. Atha-
nasius, 34-37. Different forms of the Mys-
tery of iniquity, 37. Temper of the present
day, 38, 39.

C.

Whe-

Catholicism, Letter on, by a Catholic, 208-215.
Reformed Catholic our best designation, for
four reasons, 211-213.
Chapters on Ecclesiastical Law. [Curates and
Curacies.] Simony of clerical agencies, 193,
194. Tabular view of the enactments in
1 & 2 Victoria, cap. 106, respecting Curates,
294-296. Case of Dakins v. Seaman, Ex-
chequer, April, 1842, 297, 298.
Chester Training College, 448-450.
Christian Priesthood and Sacrifice. [History of
the Christian Religion and Church, by Dr. A.
Neander; translated by H. J. Rose, B.D.
History of the Planting and Training of the
Christian Church by the Apostles, by Dr. A.
Neander; translated by J. E. Ryland.] 74-
92. Offering sacrifice not essential to the
character of a priest. Deacons reckoned in
the priesthood by some Fathers, 75.
ther the upper orders of the Clergy do offer
sacrifice, &c., 76. Fallacy of Outram in de-
fining sacrifice. Sufficiency of Christ's only,
excludes subsequent propitiatory sacrifice, 76.
Scripture indications of sacrifice in the
Christian Church. Analogy between Mel-
chisedek's priesthood and Christ's, 77-79.
Doctrine of the Fathers on the subject not
uniform or exact, 81-84. Nevertheless,
they present us with a practical doctrine on
the subject. 85. In what respects the Eucha-
rist fitly styled a sacrifice, 86-89. Common
mistake as to Jewish sacrifice, 91, 92.
Christopher North, Recreations of. [Recrea-
tions of Christopher North, Vols. I. & II.]
401-418. Causes of the unpopularity of Pro-
fessor Wilson's poetry, 401, 402.
His supre-
macy as a critic, 403. His "Hour's Talk
about Poetry," 403-406. Fallacies respect-
ing the Excursion, 406-408. Humour of the
Recreations, extracts, 409-416. Tone of
Christopher North, how far unsafe, 417, 418.

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