tures increased, and the increase in population the next decade was more than 19% per cent., and in the decade from 1850 to 1860, more than 24 per cent., or greater than in any other New England state.

The proportionate increase in the value of property was still greater, the amount in 1850 being $155,701,980, and in 1860, $444,274,114-an increase of 185 per cent. in 10 years, being greater than in either of the other original thirteen states, or in any other state east of Michigan.

Though this state is the smallest in area except Delaware and Rhode Island, and was the twenty-fourth in population in 1860, it then ranked as the first in the production of india rubber goods and sewing machines, the fifth in the product of cotton goods and woolen goods and in the value of book printing; and the fourth in the whole value of the annual products of industry, which amounted to $83,000,000. Since 1860, there has been a large increase of capital invested and of products sent to market.

Mines of copper and silver were once profitably worked, but mining is now confined principally to the production of iron from the mines of Salisbury. The value of this product in 1860 was $379,500, but the enhanced price and greater demand has since increased the production. Free stone and granite in Middlesex County, and marble in Litchfield County, are quarried for building purposes and export.

Banks. At the close of the fiscal year, March 31, 1868, there were in Connecticut:
6 State Banks with a capital of (and a circulation of $43,851.00)..
5 Banks organized as National Banks with a capital of..

..$1,610,000.00 2,860,000.00

35 National Banks, changed from State Banks under law of 1863, with a capital of.. 11,172,950.00 32 National Banks changed from State Banks under act of 1864, with a capital of... 10,463,650.00 Aggregate Banking Capital in the state, of 88 banks.....

Savings Banks. There were at the same time 54 Saving Banks, having deposits amounting to........

An increase over last year of.
Market Value of Assets...
Excess over deposits....

.25,994,220.00

.36,283,460.81 ..... 5,103,070 67 ..38,648,891.16 2,360,430.35

Insurance. There are in the state, fourteen Stock Fire Insurance Companies with a capital of $7,900,000; and a surplus of $431,310; two of these companies have a department of Marine Insurance, and two of Inland Transportation. There are fifteen Mutual Fire Insurance Companies, eleven of which report a cash capital of $4,262,745.97.

Six Life Insurance companies have $21,322,367 of Assets, with $196,125,944 insured; three Accident companies have an aggregate capital of $1,200,000, and two Live Stock companies have a capital of $500,000 each, or an aggregate of $1,000,000.

There were in 1866, forty-eight Fire and Marine Insurance Companies from other states doing business in Connecticut. With a capital of $23,000,000, their receipts including interest on invested capital were $20,000,000 and the payments for losses $15,000,000.

There were twenty-one Life Insurance companies from other states doing business in this state, which had insured to the amount of $479,815,315, and have assets of $55,522,346. Railroads. There are 14 Railroads in the state having a capital of...

.$24,807,348.00

5. DELAWARE.

Capital, Dover. Area, 2,120 square miles. Population, (1860), 112,216.

This state was settled by the Swedes and Finns at Wilmington, in 1627; was subjected by the Dutch of New York in 1655, but fell into the hands of the English in 1664. It was included in the grant to William Penn in 1662, remained a part of Pennsylvania until 1703, and was afterwards under the same government until the adoption of a state constitution, September 20, 1776. It was one of the original thirteen states, and ratified the United States constitution, December 7, 1787.

The governor is elected by the people for a term of four years. The Secretary of State is appointed by the governor, and serves an equal term with him. The State Treasurer and Auditor are elected by the legislature for two years. The Attorney General is appointed by the governor, and holds office five years. The Senate consists of 9, and the House of 21 members,

elected for two years.

The legislature meets biennially. The pay of members is $3 a day and mileage. The speaker of each house receives $4`a day and mileage.

The elective franchise is given to every free white male citizen of the age of twenty-two years, who has resided one year in the state and the last month thereof in the county, and who has within two years paid a county tax assessed at least six months before the election; every free white male citizen over twenty-one and under twenty-two may vote without paying any tax. Idiots, insane persons, paupers, and felons are excluded from voting, and the legislature may, impose forfeiture of the right of suffrage as punishment for crime.

JUDICIARY.

The judicial power of the State is vested in a Court of Errors and Appeals, Superior Court, Court of Chancery, Orphans' Court, Court of Oyer and Terminer, Court of General Sessions of the Peace and Jail Delivery, Register's Court, and Justices of the Peace.

The courts above named are composed of five judges, namely: a Chancellor of the State, who is President of the Orphans' Courts of the respective counties, and four Judges-a Chief Justice and three Associate Judgeswho compose the Superior Court, Court of Oyer and Terminer, and the Court of General Sessions of the Peace and Jail Delivery. The Register of Wills is the presiding officer of the Register's Court for his county. The Chancellor holds the Court of Chancery in each county of the state.

The Chancellor and the Associate Judge residing in the county hold the Orphans' Court in each county. The Chief Justice and all the Associate Judges, except the Associate residing in the county where the court is in session, hold the Superior Court and Court of General Sessions of the Peace. All the Judges, except the Chancellor, sit in the Court of Oyer and Terminer.

The Court of Errors and Appeals consists of the Chancellor who presides, and at least two of the other Judges of the state. The principal officers are Prothonotaries, Clerks of the Peace, Clerks of Orphans' Courts, Registers in Chancery, Registers of Wills, Recorders of Deeds, Sheriffs, Attorney General, and Clerk of the Court of Errors and Appeals.

The Chancellor and Judges are appointed by the Governor, and hold their offices during good behavior. The Sheriff is elected by the people every two years. His official residence is at the county seat.

The Clerk of the Court of Errors and Appeals is clerk of that court, which is the highest in the state, and where cases at law or in equity are reexamined by a writ of error or appeal.

The Attorney General is a state officer, whose duty it is to prosecute all persons committing offenses against the criminal laws of the state. The Clerks and Registers are appointed by the Governor for the term of five years.

UNITED STATES COURTS.

Circuit Judge, Robert C. Grier. District Judge, Willard Hall. Marshal, Joseph Scal. Clerk of Circuit and District Courts, L. E. Wales.

JUDGES OF STATE COURTS.

Chancellor, Daniel M. Bates, Dover.

Chief Justice, Edward W. Gilpin, Wilmington.

Associate Justices, Leonard E. Wales, Wilmington; John W. Houston, Milford; Edward Wootten, Georgetown. Salary of Chancellor and Chief Justice, $2,000; of Associate Justices $1,700.

TERMS OF COURTS.

The Court of Chancery and Orphans' Court are held in Newcastle Co., at Newcastle, on the 3d Monday in February, and 1st Monday in September; Kent Co., at Dover, on the 1st Tuesday after the 4th Monday in March, and on the 4th Monday in September; Sussex Co., at Georgetown, on the 1st Tuesday after the 2d Monday in March, and on the 1st Tuesday after the 3d Monday in September.

The Superior Court and Court of General Sessions of the Peace and Jail Delivery are held in Sussex Co., on the 2d Monday in April and October; Kent Co., on the 4th Monday in April and October; Newcastle Co., on the 2d Monday after the commencement of April term in Kent, and on the 3d Monday in November. The Court of Errors and Appeals is held at Dover, on the 1st Tuesday in June.

FINANCES.-STATE DEBT.

Delaware had no debt in 1860; in 1867, the debt was $1,242,000; this was reduced during the year $636,200, leaving the whole debt, December, 1868, $605,800.

The state receives an income from railroads and other sources, and from capital invested, sufficient to meet the ordinary expenses of government.

EDUCATION.

This state has two colleges. Delaware college at Newark, has been adopted as an agricultural school, and the proceeds of the public lands donated to the state by the United States for the benefit of agriculture and the mechanic arts, are to be invested for the benefit of the scientific department of the college. St. Mary's college, at Wilmington, has about 40 students. The Delaware State Normal University was organized in 1866, and incorporated in 1867. It was commenced without any direct aid from the state, with a subscription of twenty scholarships. It provides instruction and training for teachers of common schools, and also for such as desire to prepare to take charge of academies and high schools.

No uniform school system, reaching all parts of the state has as yet been adopted, but measures have been inaugurated in various places to secure the benefits of well organized public schools. An annual allowance is made from the state treasury of fifty cents for each scholar in Kent and Sussex counties, and twenty cents for each scholar in Newcastle county.

POPULATION, WEALTH AND INDUSTRY.

The population of the state as given by the United States census at different periods was as follows:

The construction of railroads and other internal improvements have within five years contributed materially to the increase of population and wealth. The opening of the Delaware railroad has furnished means for the development of the resources of the central and southern portions of the state.

Agriculture is the prominent interest; the soil and climate, and the proximity of good markets affording favorable facilities for fruit growing, which has been rapidly increasing during the last ten years.

Wilmington is the principal manufacturing town. The annual products of its mills and shops, which amounted to nearly ten million dollars in 1860, are constantly increasing.

The foreign trade of the state is carried on principally through Philadelphia and Baltimore. The principal exports are flour, grain, fruit and lumber. There are 11 National Banks with a capital of $1,428,185; 4 of the banks with a capital of $913,185, are located in Wilmington.

Products in 1866. Indian corn, 4,281,570 bushels, value, $3,724,966; wheat, 685,720 bushels, value, $2,057,160; oats, 2,817,857 bushels, value, $1,274,821; potatoes, 270,220 bushels, value, $189,154.

6. FLORIDA.

Capital, Tallahassee. Area, 59,268 square miles. Population, (1860), 140,425. This state was formed from part of the territory ceded by Spain to the United States, by treaty of February 22, 1819. It was settled in 1565, by the Spaniards, at St. Augustine, was organized as a territory, March 3, 1823, and admitted into the Union as a state, March 3, 1845. An ordinance of secession was passed January 10, 1861, which was repealed, October 28, 1865, by a convention which met October 25. This convention repudiated the rebel debt, and adopted a new constitution. This state was a part of the third military district, and under the command of Gen. Pope from March 15, 1867, to the close of the year.

A convention was held January 20, 1868, and a new constitution adopted February 25, which was ratified by the people May 6, 1868.

This constitution provides that slavery shall not exist in the state, that there shall be no civil or political distinction on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude; and that the state shall ever remain a member of the American Union, the people thereof a part of the American nation, and any attempt, from whatever source or upon whatever pretence to dissolve said Union, or to sever said nation, shall be resisted with the whole power of the state. The 14th amendment was ratified by the legislature, June 9, and the state admitted to representation in congress by an act passed over the President's veto, June 25, 1868.

The Governor and Lieutenant Governor are chosen by the qualified electors of the state at the time and places of voting for members of the legislature, and hold office for four years. The Secretary of State, Treasurer, Comptroller, Attorney General, Superintendent of Public Instruction, Commissioner of Immigration, and Adjutant General, are appointed by the Governor and confirmed by the Senate, and hold their offices the same time as the Governor, or until their successors shall be qualified.

The members of the Assembly, 53 in number, are chosen biennially on the first Tuesday after the first Monday in November. The next election for this purpose will be in 1870. The Senators, 24 in number, are chosen for a term of four years, at the same time and place as members of the Assembly. The senators elected in 1868 from districts denoted by even numbers, vacate their seats at the expiration of two years, and thereafter one-half the whole num*The official Post Office address of all the above, except the Lieut. Gov., is Tallahassee, Florida.