permuted title index serves to both cluster and more easily identify subject areas addressed on an item-specific basis within the data book. Finally, a three-tiered keyword index to the entire document is provided at the back of the book. In conjunction with the data collection activity, the Transportation Energy Program at ORNL is developing a comprehensive library of documents relevant to transportation energy conservation. An annotated bibliography Transportation (See form at of these documents is available under separate cover: Energy Conservation Data Book: A Selected Bibliography. back of this document.) In addition, a list of other documents available by the Transportation Energy Program at ORNL is provided (see Table of Contents.) These documents include a Regional Data Book and a series of research monographs. The majority of the statistics contained in the Data Books are taken from published sources and each table or figure is referenced accordingly. Although the data may be reformatted for presentation by ORNL, the basic data are compiled from a variety of sources. Consequently, neither ORNL nor DOE can endorse the validity or consistency of the statistics presented. Users of the TEC Data Book are encouraged to comment on errors, omissions, emphases, and organization of this report to one of the persons listed on the following page. Other Publications Available by the Transportation VMT Statistics, Lifetime VMT, and Current State Methods of Estimating VMT, TERA, Inc., D. L. Greene, A. S. Loebl, ORNL/TM-6327. Econometric Analysis of the Demand for Gasoline at the State Level, An Investigation of the Variability of Gasoline Consumption Among States, D. L. Greene, ORNL-5391. Worldwide Transportation/Energy Demand Forecast: 1975-2000, Delta Characteristics of Automotive Fleets in the United States, 1966-1977, D. B. Shonka, ORNL/TM-6449. Projections of Light Truck Population to Year 2025, Lindsey-Kaufman The Energy Intensity and Related Parameters of Selected Passenger The Energy Intensity and Related Parameters of Selected Freight Transportation Modes, A. B. Rose, ORNL/TM-6700. Regional Transportation Energy Conservation Data Book, Edition 1, D. L. Greene, et al., ORNL-5435. Light Truck Inventory Models: Forecasts to the Year 2000, G. E. Liepins, ORNL/TM-6450. Transportation Energy Conservation Data Book - A Selected, Annotated Characteristics of Transportation Modes An awareness of the characteristics of major transportation modes in the United States is essential to an understanding of transportation energy use and conservation. Total energy use in the transportation sector can be viewed as simply the sum total of energy used by the individual modes. Each mode differs in terms of the magnitude of its contribution to energy demand, its energy efficiency, the types of fuels it consumes, and the types of transportation needs it fulfills. The levels of modal demand and the allocation of the nation's varied transportation demands among modes are determined by the complex interaction of individual modal supply characteristics and by the host of social and economic factors which determine the transportation requirements of households, firms, and governments. A knowledge of the basic modal structure of the transportation sector is fundamental in evaluating transportation energy conservation policy issues. Particular This chapter provides a description of the transportation sector in general, followed by more detailed information for each mode. attention is focused on the highway mode, which accounts for about 77% of the total transportation energy consumption. Modal energy use data and transportation demand determinants, per se, are the topics of Chapters 2 and 6 respectively. The purpose of Chapter 1 is to characterize the total transportation system in terms of vehicles, infrastructure, purchases, costs, fuel consumption, and use patterns. The chapter is divided into six sections. Section 1.1 presents an overview of all of the transportation modes. Detailed information is presented on number of vehicles and vehicle-miles traveled, by mode. In 1976 passenger automobiles made up 76% and trucks 19% of all transportation vehicles (Table 1.1) and accounted for proportional amounts of vehiclemiles traveled (71% and 21% respectively). Preceding page blank |