army in 1861, it being then commanded by Major-General MeClellan. His opportunities for observation and investigation were further improved by his services at the United States General Hospital at Fort Schuyler, and Central Park, New York.

Soon after his graduation in 1866, from the College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, he passed the Naval Medical Board, and was commissioned an Assistant Surgeon United States Navy, with a high grade. An order for a three years' cruise in oriental waters followed a twelve months' service in the Naval Hospital, Brooklyn, New York.

Dr. Frothingham perished with the United States Man-of-War Oneida, run into and sunk on the 24th of January, 1870, near Yokohama, Japan, by the British Steamer Bombay, Captain Eyre, a disaster which brought mourning into hundreds of American families.

Genial, frank, and independent, he wielded a salutary influence upon ship-board, commanding the respect of his superiors by his consistent Christian demeanor, and winning the affection of his inferiors by his unassuming kindness. He frequently officiated as chaplain, and in illustration of his self-abnegation, an informant writes, that on the occasion of a smallpox epidemic he isolated himself with the sick of his command for several weeks in a dilapidated hut upon the shore.

EDWARD GILCHRIST was born in Massachusetts, received a good education, studied medicine and entered the naval service of the United States by appointment from New York on the 26th of January, 1832. His promotion in rank was unusually rapid for his branch of the service, he having been commissioned full surgeon on the 27th of September, 1840. At the time of his death he stood fourth on the list of surgeons in active service. During the war with Mexico, he served on board the sloop Portsmouth, in the Pacific. On the outbreak of the rebellion, Surgeon Gilchrist was on duty with the new frigate Wabash, of forty-eight guns, and, we think, participated in the attack on and capture of Forts Hatteras and Clark, at Hatteras Inlet, on the 29th of August, 1861, and, on the 7th of November following, aided in the reduction of Port Royal, South Carolina. Early during the year following he was assigned to duty as fleet surgeon of the Mississippi flotilla, holding this position until the year following, when he took sick and was granted leave of absence. On recovering, he was ordered

to the East Gulf blockading squadron as fleet surgeon. He continued on this duty till April, 1865, when he was ordered to the Naval Hospital at Chelsea, Massachusetts, as resident surgeon. This position he held at the time of his death. Surgeon Gilchrist bore the reputation of being one of the ablest medical men in the navy. He served altogether thirty-seven years, nine months and thirteen days, of which fifteen years and five months were spent at sea, for eight years and three months he was unemployed, and the balance of the time he was employed on shore or other duty.

Surgeon NEWTON H. ADAMS died from typhoid pneumonia, in the thirty-fourth year of his age. He was a native and resident of New York, from which he entered the United States naval service during the month of November, 1861. He served with credit during the Rebellion, and in April 1869, was commissioned full surgeon, ranking with lieutenant commanders. His last cruise at sea was on board the war steamer Mohongo. Surgeon Adams was an able, faithful, and energetic officer, who had earned the position he occupied, by means of his services to the country. In his death the navy loses one of its most efficient officers, and his relatives and friends a warm-hearted, generous gentleman.

JOSIAH HOWELL CULVER was born at Moriches, Suffolk County, New York, September 10th, 1837, and after a suitable preliminary education commenced his medical studies in his native place, graduating at the New York University Medical College in 1860. Having abandoned what he intended to be his establishment at East Hampton, Long Island, for the military service, he was appointed, in September, 1862, an Acting Assistant Surgeon United States Army, and assigned to the David's Island Hospital, New York Harbor. Here he remained until March, 1863, when he entered the United States Navy, his brilliant examination having secured him the first rank in a class of twelve.

From his first station, the Naval Hospital, Brooklyn, he was ordered to Charleston on board the Philadelphia, the flag-ship of the South Atlantic blockading squadron. While on the line of duty he suffered from severe debilitating pulmonary hemorrhages, from the consequences of which he never fully recovered, although his health was apparently benefited by sick leaves and short residences in Minnesota and Florida. Much to his regret he was placed on the retired list in July, 1867, and, slowly de

clining, after much suffering, he breathed his last on September

25th, 1868.

"Of this just man let this just praise be given,

Heaven was in him, before he was in heaven!"

Surgeon JOHN PAUL QUINN died June 6, 1869.

Surgeon HENRY S. REYNOLDS died September 28, 1869.

Surgeon SOLOMON SHARP died January 7, 1870.

Passed Assistant Surgeon JNO. B. ELLIOTT died June 4, 1869.

Assistant Surgeon WM. B. JONES died February 26, 1869.

Surgeon JNO. J. GIBSON died February 19, 1870.

Assistant Surgeon WM. S. WILLIS died January 29, 1870.

Surgeon ROBERT WOODWORTH died March 17, 1870.

Surgeon THOS. WILLARD died March 1, 1870.

PRIZE ESSAY.

AN ESSAY

ON THE

TREATMENT OF ANEURISM.

WITH

EXPERIMENTS FOR THE CLOSURE OF ARTERIES
BY A NEW METHOD.

BY

BENJAMIN HOWARD, A. M., M. D.,

OF NEW YORK.

LATE PROFESSOR OF CLINICAL AND OPERATIVE SURGERY, LONG ISLAND MEDICAL COLLEGE.

"Sola virtus invicta."