ARTICLE II His Danish Majesty further engages that the passages of the Sound and Belts shall continue to be lighted and buoyed as heretofore without any charge upon American vessels or their cargoes on passing the Sound and the Belts, and that the present establishments of Danish pilots in these waters shall continue to be maintained by Denmark. His Danish Majesty agrees to make such additions and improvements in regard to the lights, buoys and pilot establishments in these waters, as circumstances and the increasing trade of the Baltic may require. He further engages that no charge shall be made, in consequence of such additions and improvements, on American ships and their cargoes passing through the Sound and the Belts. It is understood, however, to be optional for the Masters of American vessels either to employ in the said waters Danish pilots at reasonable rates fixed by the Danish Government, or to navigate their vessels without such assistance. ARTICLE III In consideration of the foregoing agreements and stipulation on the part of Denmark, whereby the free and unincumbered navigation of American vessels through the Sound and the Belts is forever secured, the United States agree to pay to the Government of Denmark once for all the sum of seven hundred and seventeen thousand, eight hundred and twenty nine Rix dollars, or its equivalent, three hundred and ninety-three thousand and eleven dollars in United States currency, at London on the day when the said Convention shall go into full effect as herein afterwards provided. ARTICLE IV It is further agreed that any other or further privileges, rights or advantages which may have been or may be granted by Denmark to the commerce and navigation of any other nation at the Sound and Belts, or on her coasts and in her harbors, with reference to the transit by land through Danish territory of merchandize belonging to the citizens or subjects of such nation, shall also be fully extended to and enjoyed by the citizens of the United States, and by their vessels and property in that quarter. ARTICLE V The general Convention of friendship, commerce and navigation, concluded between the United States and his Majesty the King of Denmark on the 26th of April, 1826,2 and which was abrogated on the 15th of April, 1856, and the provisions contained in each and all of its articles, the 5th article alone excepted, shall after the ratification of this present Convention again 2 TS 65, ante, p 1. become binding upon the United States and Denmark; it being, however, understood that a year's notice shall suffice for the abrogation of the stipulations of the said Convention hereby renewed. ARTICLE VI The present Convention shall take effect as soon as the laws to carry it into operation shall be passed by the governments of the contracting parties, and the sum stipulated to be paid by the United States shall be received by or tendered to Denmark; and for the fulfilment of these purposes, a period not exceeding twelve months from the signing of this Convention shall be allowed. But if, in the interval, an earlier day shall be fixed upon and carried into effect for a free navigation through the Sound and Belts, in favor of any other power or powers, the same shall simultaneously be extended to the vessels of the United States and their cargoes, in anticipation of the payment of the sum stipulated in Article III; it being understood, however, that in that event the Government of the United States shall also pay to that of Denmark four per cent interest on the said sum from the day the said immunity shall have gone into operation until the principal shall have been paid as aforesaid. ARTICLE VII The present Convention shall be duly ratified and the exchange of ratifications shall take place in Washington within ten months from the date hereof, or sooner if practicable. In faith whereof the respective plenipotentiaries have signed the present Convention, in duplicate, and have thereunto affixed their seals. Done at Washington this eleventh day of April in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven, and of the Independence of the United States the eighty-first. FRIENDSHIP, COMMERCE, AND NAVIGATION Additional articles signed at Washington July 11, 1861 Ratified by the President of the United States August 25, 1861 Entered into force September 18, 1861 Proclaimed by the President of the United States September 20, 1861 Abrogated by the United States July 1, 1916, in accordance with Seamen's Act of March 4, 1915 1 13 Stat. 605; Treaty Series 68 2 ADDITIONAL ARTICLES To the General Convention of Friendship, Commerce and Navigation concluded at Washington on the twenty-sixth day of April, 1826, between the United States of America and his Majesty the King of Denmark The United States of America and his Majesty the King of Denmark, wishing to favor their mutual commerce by affording, in their ports, every necessary assistance to their respective vessels, the undersigned Plenipotentiaries, being duly empowered for that purpose, have agreed upon the following additional articles to the General Convention of friendship, Commerce and navigation, concluded at Washington on the twenty-sixth day of April, 1826,3 between the contracting parties. ARTICLE 1 The respective Consuls General, Consuls, Vice Consuls and Commercial Agents, shall have the right as such to sit as judges and arbitrators in such differences as may arise, either at sea or in port, between the Captain, officers and crew of the vessels belonging to the nation whose interests are committed to their charge, particularly in reference to the adjustment of wages and the execution of contracts, without the interference of the local authorities, 138 Stat. 1164. 2 For a detailed study of these additional articles, see 8 Miller 591. 3 TS 65, ante, p. 1. unless the conduct of the crew and the officers or of the captains, should disturb the order or tranquillity of the country. It is however understood that this species of judgment or arbitration shall not deprive the contending parties of the right they have to resort on their return to the judicial authority of their country. ARTICLE 2 The Consuls General, Consuls, Vice Consuls and Commercial Agents are authorized to require the assistance of the local authorities for the search, arrest and imprisonment of the deserters from the ships of war and merchant vessels of their country. For this purpose they shall apply to the competent tribunals, judges and officers, and shall in writing demand said deserters, proving by the exhibition of the registers of the vessels, the rolls of the crews, or by other official documents, or, if the vessel shall have departed, by copy of said documents duly certified by them, that such individuals form part of the crew; and on this reclamation being thus substantiated, the surrender shall not be refused, unless there be sufficient proof of the said persons being citizens or subjects of the country where their surrender is demanded. Such deserters when arrested shall be placed at the disposal of said Consuls General, Consuls, Vice Consuls or Commercial agents, and may be confined in the public prisons at the request and cost of those who shall claim them, in order to be detained until the time when they shall be restored to the vessels to which they belonged, or sent back to their own country by a vessel of the same nation, or any other vessel whatsoever. But if not sent back within three months from the day of their arrest, they shall be set at liberty and shall not be again arrested for the same cause. However if the deserter should be found to have committed any crime or offence, his surrender may be delayed until the tribunal before which his case shall be depending shall have pronounced its sentence, and such sentence shall have been carried into effect. The present additional articles shall have the same force and value as if they were inserted, word for word, in the Convention signed at Washington on the twenty-sixth day of April, one thousand eight hundred and twenty-six, and being approved and ratified by the President of the United States, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate thereof, and by his Majesty the King of Denmark, the ratifications shall be exchanged at Washington within six months from the date hereof, or sooner, if possible. In faith whereof, we, the undersigned, in virtue of our respective full powers, have signed the present additional articles, and have thereto affixed our seals. Done in triplicate at the City of Washington on the eleventh day of July in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and sixty-one. WEST INDIES COLONIZATION Agreement signed at Washington July 19, 1862, with annexed copy of Entered into force July 19, 1862 Expired July 19, 1867 8 Miller 833 1 1 AGREEMENT This agreement, entered into between Waldemar Rudolph von Raasloff Chargé d'Affaires, for and on behalf of the Government of Denmark, and Caleb B. Smith, Secretary of the Interior, for and on behalf of the Government of the United States, witnesseth: That the Government of Denmark agrees to receive from the United States through its duly constituted authorities, for a term of five years, at a landing place called West end, on the danish island of St Croix in the West Indies, all negroes, mulattoes, or persons of color delivered from on board. vessels seized in the prosecution of the Slave trade by Commanders of United States armed vessels and to provide them with suitable instruction and with comfortable clothing and shelter and to employ them at wages in conformity with the provisional act issued by the Governor of St Croix on the twenty sixth day of January eighteen hundred and forty nine, entitled "Provisional act to regulate the relations between the proprietors of landed estates and the rural population of free laborers (a copy of which is hereto annexed) for a period not exceeding five years from the date of their being landed at the aforesaid landing place, and that the United States shall not be liable for any expenses on account of said Negroes, mulattoes, or persons of color after having landed them at the aforesaid landing place; And the Government of the United States agrees to deliver to the Government of Denmark, or its duly constituted authorities, at the aforesaid landing place on the Danish island of St Croix in the West Indies, whenever practicable, all negroes, mulattoes or persons of color delivered from on board vessels seized in the |