James Abraham Garfield, twentieth president of the United States, was born in Orange, Cuyahoga County, Ohio, November 19, 1831; he graduated at Williams College, Massachusetts, in 1856; studied and practiced law; was a member of the Ohio Senate in 1859-1860. In the Civil War he entered the military service as colonel of the Fortysecond Ohio Volunteers; and served in south-eastern Kentucky, where (January, 1862), in command of a brigade, he forced Humphrey Marshall and his command to evacuate Kentucky, and for this service was promoted to be brigadier-general of volunteers, January 11, 1862; also served at Shiloh, Corinth, etc. In 1863 he was appointed chief of staff by General Rosecrans. with whom he continued to serve until December 5, 1863, having in the meantime (September 19, 1863) been promoted to be major-general of volunteers for gallantry at the battle of Chickamauga, when he resigned to take his seat in the Thirtyeighth Congress, to which he had been elected, and was re-elected to each succeeding Congress, serving as chairman of the committees on military affairs, banking and ap propriations; elected United States Senator from Ohio January 13, 1880; nominated for president by the Republicans at Chicago, Ill., with Chester A. Arthur for vice-president, June 8, 1880, and elected November 2, 1880; shot and mortally wounded July 2, 1881, by Charles J. Gulteau, who was lying in wait for him in the Baltimore & Potomac Railroad Station in Washington, D. C., as the presidential party was about leaving for an extended pleasure trip through New England. President Garfield was removed in a critical condition September 6, 1881, from the White House at Washington in a specially arranged car to Long Branch, N. J., where he died September 19, 1881. A bronze statue of him was unveiled at Washington, D. C., May 12, 1887. The city of Cleveland erected a beautiful monument to his memory in Lake View Park, where his remains are buried.

THE ACT OF CONGRESS DIVIDING THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY INTO THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY (OF OHIO) AND THE TERRITORY OF INDIANA.

(May 7, 1800.)

AN ACT TO DIVIDE THE TERRITORY OF THE UNITED STATES NORTHWEST OF THE OHIO, INTO TWO SEPARATE GOVERNMENTS.

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ECTION 1. Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assem

bled, That from and after the fourth day of July next, all that part of the territory of the United States northwest of the Ohio river, which lies to the westward of a line beginning at the Ohio, opposite to the mouth of Kentucky river, and running thence to Fort Recovery, and thence north until it shall intersect the territorial line between the United States and Canada, shall, for the purposes of temporary government, constitute a separate territory and be called the Indiana Territory.

SEC. 2. And be it further enacted, That there shall be established within the said territory a government in all respects similar to that provided by the ordinance of Congress, passed on the thirteenth day of July one thousand seven hundred and eighty-seven, for the government of the territory of the United States northwest of the river Ohio; and the inhabitants thereof shall be entitled to, and enjoy all and singular the rights, privileges and advantages granted and secured to the people by the said ordinance.

SEC. 3. And be it further enacted, That the officers for the said territory, who by virtue of this act shall be appointed by the President of the United States, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, shall respectively exercise the same powers, perform the same duties, and receive for their services the same compensations as by the ordinance aforesaid and the laws of the United States, have been provided and established for similar officers in the territory of the United States northwest of the river Ohio. And the duties and emoluments of superintendent of Indian affairs shall be united with those of governor: Provided, that the President of the United States shall have full power, in the recess of Congress, to appoint and commission all officers herein authorized; and their commissions shall continue in force until the end of the next session of Congress.

SEC. 4. And be it further enacted, That so much of the ordinance for the government of the territory of the United States northwest of the Ohio river, as relates to the organization of a general assembly therein, and prescribes the powers thereof, shall be in force and operate

Act Dividing the Northwest Territory.

in the Indiana territory, whenever satisfactory evidence shall be given to the governor thereof, that such is the wish of the majority of freeholders, notwithstanding there may not be therein five thousand free male inhabitants of the age of twenty-one years and upwards: Provided, that until there shall be five thousand free male inhabitants of twentyone years and upward in said territory, the whole number of representatives to the general assembly shall not be less than seven, nor more than nine, to be apportioned by the governor to the several counties in the said territory, agreeably to the number of free males of the age of twenty-one years and upwards which they may respectively contain.

SEC. 5. And be it further enacted, That nothing in this act contained shall be construed so as in any manner to affect the government now in force in the territory of the United States northwest of the Ohio river, further than to prohibit the exercise thereof within the Indiana territory, from and after the aforesaid fourth day of July next: Provided, that whenever that part of the territory of the United States which lies to the eastward of a line beginning at the mouth of the Great Miami river, and running thence due north to the territorial line between the United States and Canada, shall be erected into an independent state, and admitted into the Union on an equal footing with the original states, thenceforth said line shall become and remain permanently the boundary line between such state and the Indiana territory; anything in this act contained to the contrary notwithstanding.

SEC. 6. And be it further enacted, That until it shall be otherwise ordered by the legislatures of the said territories respectively, Chillicothe, on Scioto river, shall be the seat of the government of the territory of the United States northwest of the Ohio River; and that Saint Vincennes, on the Wabash river, shall be the seat of the government for the Indiana territory.

APPROVED, May 7, 1800.

THE ACT OF CONGRESS DIRECTING THE CREATION OF

THE STATE OF OHIO.

(1802.)

WITH SUPPLEMENTARY ACT OF MARCH 3, 1803.

AN ACT TO ENABLE THE PEOPLE OF THE EASTERN DIVISION OF THE TER· RITORY NORTHWEST OF THE RIVER OHIO TO FORM A CONSTITUTION AND STATE GOVERNMENT, AND FOR THE ADMISSION OF SUCH STATE INTO THE UNION, ON AN EQUAL FOOTING WITH THE ORIGINAL STATES, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES.

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E it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That the inhabitants of the eastern division of the territory northwest of the river Ohio, be, and they are hereby authorized to form for themselves a constitution and state government, and to assume such name as they shall deem proper, and the said state, when formed, shall be admitted into the Union, upon the same footing with the original states, in all respects whatever.

SEC. 2. And be it further enacted, That the said state shall consist of all the territory included within the following boundaries, to wit: Bounded on the east by the Pennsylvania line, on the south by the Ohio river, to the mouth of the Great Miami river, on the west by a line drawn due north from the mouth of the Great Miami, aforesaid, and on the north by an east and west line, drawn through the southerly extreme of Lake Michigan, running east after intersecting the due north line aforesaid from the mouth of the Great Miami, until it shall intersect Lake Erie, or the territorial line, and thence with the same through Lake Erie to the Pennsylvania line, aforesaid: Provided, that Congress shall be at liberty at any time hereafter, either to attach all the territory lying east of the line to be drawn due north from the mouth of the Miami, aforesaid, to the territorial line, and north of an east and west line drawn through the southerly extreme of Lake Michigan, running east as aforesaid to Lake Erie, to the aforesaid state, or dispose of it otherwise, in conformity to the fifth article of compact between the original states, and the peoples and states to be formed in the territory northwest of the river Ohio.

SEC. 3. And be it further enacted, That all that part of the territory of the United States, northwest of the river Ohio, heretofore included in the eastern division of said territory, and not included within the boundary herein prescribed for the said state, is hereby attached to and made a part of the Indiana territory, from and after the formation of the said state, subject nevertheless to be disposed of by Congress,

Act Creating the State of Ohio.

according to the right reserved in the fifth article of the ordinance aforesaid, and the inhabitants therein shall be entitled to the same privileges and immunities, and subject to the same rules and regulations, in all respects whatever, with all other citizens residing within the Indiana territory.

SEC. 4. And be it further enacted, That all male citizens of the United States, who shall have arrived at full age, and resided within the said territory at least one year previous to the day of election, and shall have paid a territorial or county tax, and all persons having in other respects, the legal qualifications to vote for representatives in the general assembly of the territory, be, and they are hereby authorized to choose representatives to form a convention, who shall be apportioned amongst the several counties within the eastern division aforesaid, in a ratio of one representative to every twelve hundred inhabitants of each county, according to the enumeration taken under the authority of the United States, as near as may be, that is to say: from the county of Trumbull, two representatives; from the county of Jefferson seven representatives, two of the seven to be elected within what is now known by the county of Belmont, taken from Jefferson and Washington counties; from the county of Washington, four representatives; from the county of Ross, seven representatives, two of the seven to be elected in what is now known by Fairfield county, taken from Ross and Washington counties; from the county of Adams three representatives; from the county. of Hamilton, twelve representatives, two of the twelve to be elected in what is now known by Clermont county, taken entirely from Hamilton county; and the elections for the representatives aforesaid, shall take place on the second Tuesday of October next, the time fixed by a law of the territory, entitled "An act to ascertain the number of free male inhabitants of the age of twenty-one, in the territory of the United States northwest of the river Ohio, and to regulate the elections of representatives for the same," for electing representatives to the general assembly, and shall be held and conducted in the same manner as is provided by the aforesaid act, except that the qualifications of electors shall be as herein specified.

SEC. 5. And be it further enacted, That the members of the convention, thus duly elected, be, and they are herby authorized to meet at Chillicothe on the first Monday in November next; which convention, when met, shall first determine by a majority of the whole number elected, whether it be or be not expedient at that time to form a constitution and state government for the people, within the said territory, and if it be determined to be expedient, the convention shall be, and hereby are (is) authorized to form a constitution and state government,