that when reading lectures is spoken of as the chief, indeed the only, duty of the professors, it is not meant that the periodical discharge of “ paper pellets" is to be considered a fulfilment of the professor's office. The lectures, we suppose, are not to be like those readand merely read-at mechanics' institutions and places of that kind, where the matter, to use a common phrase, 66 goes in at one ear and out at the other;" but the lecturer will, we presume, be expected to take some pains to insure that what he delivers shall make at least a temporary lodgment in the disciple's head.

The details of the regulations for examinations for degrees are of course left to the local authorities. "The standard for common degrees," it is observed, "will require to be fixed with very great judgment." Our only apprehension on this point is, that it should be fixed too low, and that the academical distinction should thus become ridiculous. We will not, however, anticipate error. The competition for honours is to follow the examinations for degrees, an arrangement which strikes us as a strange one; but as it is admitted by most persons, that as the world grows older it grows wiser, we dare not object. Even though writing in the privacy of our study, the rush of blood would suffuse with redness every portion of our cuticular covering, from the most elevated hair on our head to the extremities of our great toes, had we the hardihood to question what all the world, or the noisier part of it, affirms. A fit of illness, we fear, would follow.

The establishment of universities at Calcutta and Bombay appears to be all that is immediately meditated; but the authorities profess to be "ready to sanction the creation of an university at Madras, or in any other part of India where a sufficient number of institutions exist, from which properly qualified candidates for degrees could be supplied." Madras, we trust, will lose for ever the ugly epithet of the "benighted."

On the constitution of the governing bodies of the proposed universities, we find the following as to the holiday and working-day members :

"The offices of Chancellor and Vice-Chancellor will naturally be filled by persons of high station, who have shown an interest in the cause of education; and it is in connection with the universities that we propose to avail ourselves of the services of the existing Council of Education at Calcutta, and Board of Education at Bombay. We wish to place these gentlemen in a position which will not only mark our sense of the exertions which they have made in furtherance of education, but will give it the benefit of their past experience of the subject. We propose, therefore, that the Council of Education at Calcutta, and the Board of Education at Bombay, with some additional members to be named by the Government, shall constitute the senate of the university at each of those Presidencies. The additional members should be so selected as to give to all those who represent the different systems of education which will be carried on in the affiliated institutions-including natives of India, of all religious persuasions, who possess the confidence of the native communities-a fair voice in the senates."

We have some misgivings about this; but it may be hoped that care will be taken, that while the natives have "a fair voice in the senates," they have no more. If they once are allowed to gain a preponderating voice, farewell to all hope for the advancement of India in learning and science.

Here for the present we must pause. Being pressed for space we cannot afford enough for a fair consideration of the remainder of the interesting document before us, which, therefore, we must reserve for a future number.

ADMINISTRATION OF THE PUNJAB.

NO. VI.

WE pass over a short and not very important section, headed "Jagirs and Pensions," only observing that the pious impostors, with which every part of India abounds, appear to have had no reason to complain of want of liberality in the new rulers of the Punjab. We next arrive at a far more gratifying subject, "Development of Resources." A civil engineer was appointed, and to his department was assigned the construction of all publie works and the control of all local improvements. Roads necessarily occupy an important place in this department. On the grand trunk road from Lahore to Peshawur vast difficulties presented themselves; but most of them have been surmounted, while the rest are in process of being overcome, and "the whole line has been traced, surveyed, and put well in progress." A grand trunk road from Beas to Lahore has been completed, and a straight line of road carried from Umritsur to Sealkote, which is further connected with Peshawur by a branch to Wuzeerabad. Military and commercial roads from Lahore to Mooltan, and from Lahore to Ferozepore, have been opened. Others, also, have been constructed in which great difficulties interposed. To afford facilities for the commerce between Central Asia and the ports of Bombay and Sinde, two great lines were projected; one from Dera Ismael Khan to Lahore-this line is complete; the other is to start also from Dera Ismael Khan, and proceed to Ullohur, where it will join the Delhi road;—this road has been laid down, but not executed. Wells have been provided along the lines, as there are scarcely any which do not in some part of their course traverse arid and desolate tracts. Many other lines are proposed, and a variety of cross-roads have already been made. The result is thus summed up as to the principal works: 1,349 miles of road have been cleared and constructed; 853 miles are under construction; 2,487 miles have been traced, and 5,272 miles surveyed. This is more than at first sight it appears, for it is “exclusive of minor cross and branch roads."

The following exhibits both the Government and the people in a favourable light :

"It has been not an unfrequent practice with the Government to grant loans to landholders for works of agricultural improvement, on the security of the land. This custom the Board have followed. Numerous sums have been advanced, and during one year of threatened drought, the readiness of the state to give assistance was notified by a proclamation, setting forth, that any proprietor who might accept a loan, and therewith construct a well or other work of irrigation, would, at the coming settlement, be taxed only for unirrigated land. In some of the arid districts adjoining the central wastes, the people gladly availed themselves of this proffered succour. Many villages were thereby saved from destruction. Regarding the repayment of these loans as special debts of honour, the landholders made strenuous and successful efforts for the discharge of their liabilities. It is remarkable that these loans, though advanced in the most poverty-stricken localities, have been entirely recovered."

We must quote another passage, which reflects credit on the enterprise of the people and on the discretion of their governors in allowing them fair play. Where Government interference is necessary, it must interfere; but it is much better if the people can and will do what they want for themselves :

"The capabilities of the Punjab for canal irrigation are notorious, It is intersected by great rivers; it is bounded on two sides by hills, whence pour down countless rivulets; the general surface of the land slopes southward, with a considerable gradient. These facts at once proclaim it to be a country eminently adapted for canals.

Nearly all the dynasties which have ruled over the Five Rivers have done something for irrigation; nearly every district possesses flowing canals, or else the ruins of ancient water-courses. Many of the valleys and plains at the base of the Himalaya ranges are moistened by water-cuts conducted from the mountain-torrents. The people, deeply sensible of the value of these works, mutually combine, with an unusual degree of harmony and public spirit, not only for the construction of the reservoirs, but also for distribution of the water, and the regulation of the supply. In such cases, when the community displays so much aptitude for self-government, the Board consider non-interference the best policy, while they would always be ready to afford any aid which might be solicited."

دو

The Emperor Shah Jehan, about the year 1633, constructed a canal, known as the Huslie Canal, "not," as is remarked, "for purposes of general irrigation (these were beneath imperial notice), "but for the supply of the fountains and waterworks [at the royal gardens and conservatory at Lahore." It was thought that this canal might be made available to supply the wants of the Baree Doab; but on examination it was found impracticable, and a new one was accordingly determined on. The old one, however, has been repaired, with a view to deriving some benefit from it till the new one can be brought into work. The new canal is estimated to cost a large sum (530,0007.); but if the calculations are correct, it will be a most profitable outlay, as the returns are estimated at 274 per cent. It is admitted, however, that time must elapse before these large returns can be realized.

The Board wind up this part of their report thus :

"When the magnitude, variety, and difficulty of the operations undertaken by this department (the civil engineers) are considered, the civil and military buildings, the public works, the roads, the bridges and viaducts, the salt-mines, and lastly, the canals, it is believed that in few parts of India has more been done within a short time for the physical improvement of the country than in the Punjab."

"In few parts of India,”-it might have been added, in no part of the world, looking only at what is done by Government. This vile Indian Government, somehow or other, does a great deal more for the good of the people than any other.

At the convenient resting-place at which we have arrived, we shall take a siesta, and this not from weariness, but want of room for active exertion.

SHIPMENT OF MUNITIONS OF WAR TO INDIA. -The Lords Commissioners of Her Majesty's Treasury have caused the Commissioners of Customs to be acquainted that, in compliance with their recommendation, their lordships are pleased to authorise the board to allow the shipment of munitions of war, &c. by the East-India Company, without the necessity of an order in council being obtained in each case, in the same manner as with regard to the shipment to her Majesty's forces in the East, under Treasury order of April last, and without bond being required of the Company.

SHIPPING.

ARRIVALS.

AUGUST 14. Gossypium, Sanderson, Bombay: John Sugars, Doyle, Rangoon; London, Ross, Akyab; Wanderer, Woodcock, Maulmain; Eliza Bowen, Richards, Akyab; Margaret Gibson, Hannaford, and Peter Leun, Adamson, Mauritius; Minna, Monkhouse, and Gellert, Schellert, Akyab; Reliance, Burgoyne, Maulmein.-15. Early Bird, Park, Shanghai; Trafalgar, MaNidder, Bengal; Loval, Le Geyt, Akyab; Lord Petre, Dickenson, Madras; Eos, Bridges, Mauritius; Jane Grey, Binel, and Thames, Hedley, Maulmein; Christian, Patterson, Akyab.-16. John Taylor, Cawkett, and Clontarf, Barclay, Akyab: Joseph Bushby, Davey, Bengal; Tynemouth, Cooper, and Lady Sandys, Pentreath, Ceylon.-17. Gladiator, Sim, Sydney; Rajasthan, Kerr, Bengal; Colonist, Wilson, Akyab.-18. Inca, Higgins, Bengal; Bengal, Duncan, Adelaide; Confucius, Carson, Mauritius.-19. Millman, M'Cauley, Maulmein; Sussex, Scanlan, Bengal and Trinida 1.-21. Emma Eugenia, Pizzey, Akyab; Captain, Danford, Bombay.-23. William Stevenson, Williams, Bombay.-26. Lord George Bentinck, Robinson, Maulmein; Onward, Wade, Shanghai.

PASSENGERS ARRIVED AT SOUTHAMPTON.

Arc. 4. Per steamer Mauritius.-Lieut. Coombes and infant. Mr. and Mrs. Sandys and 3 children, Rev. Dr. and Mrs. Wilson, Lieut. Conoll, Mr.

Parbury and infant, Mrs. Hooper and infant, Mr. Richards, Lieut. T. H Smith, Rev. C. Bennett, Maj. and Mrs. Reed, Capt. Phillips, Mr. Franklin, Capt. and Mrs. Cafe and 3 children, Lieut. Keafe, Miss Wilkinson, Master Butter, Capt. H. Benson and infant, Lieut. J. W. Peile, Rev. Mr. and Mrs. McMillan and 2 children, Lieut. Coote, Lieut. Hedley, Lieut. Knight, Ens. Ogilvie, 2 children of Dr. Teylenger, Mr. Lysons, Capt. Hardy, Lieut. Holmes, Mcns. Rosse, Mr. Delbert, Mr. Tait and infant, Mr. Schultima, and 3 children, Lieut. col. Kyle, Mr. and Mrs. Benjamin and 5 children, Mrs. Martinment, Mr. and Mrs. Kilbarn, Mrs. Blair and 7 children, Mr. Harriott, Miss Cruysagen, Mr. Solomon, Mrs. Dickens, Master Shaw, Mr. Hamilton, Master and Miss Benson.

PASSENGERS EXPECTED AT SOUTHAMPTON,

SEPT. 9. Per steamer Ripon.-Mrs. Annesly, Mrs. Gardner and infant, Capt. Nicholls, Capt. Crisp, Mr. Jenkinson, Capt. Lovell, Mr. Thompson, Mr. Oakley, Mr. Swinton, Mr. Matthewson, Mr. and Mrs. Dupay, Miss Dupay, and child; Mr. Steven, Mr. Tranchill, Mr. Codrington, Capt. Mansfield, Capt. Alexander, and Mr. Endicote.

PASSENGERS DEPARTED.

Per steamer Tagus, from SOUTHAMPTON (Aug. 20), to proceed, per steamer Hindoostan, from SUEZ.-For MALTA.-Lieut. M'Kenua, Mr. W. Furst, Mr. Wotton, and Mr. Ruchmam. For ADEN.-Lieut. Noding, Lieut. Graham, Mr. J. Robertson, Mr. Griffiths, Lieut. M'Donnell, and Mr. Lawrence. For CEYLON.-Mr. Gilmer, Mr. Laing, Mrs. Laing, and 2 children. For BOMBAY.-Mrs. Drayson, Mr. Stephens, Mr. Bond, and Mrs. Fogerty's infant and servant. For MADRAS.-Mr. Hoyes, Mr. A. Duning, Mr. Wilson, and Lieut. Lakeward. For CALCUTTA.-Mr. H. Cabry, Mr. H. C. Levinge, Mr. W. Lowerk, Mr. La Touche, Mrs. Williams, Mr. Harris, Mr. W. Anderson, Mr. and Mrs. Elliott and child, Mrs. Heenan, Mr. Greenacre, Mrs. Shervinton, Mr. C. Goldsmid, Mr. J. Stone, Mr. F. Hesson, Mr. A. Glun, Mr. T. Bryne, Mr. R. Hanner, Mr. W. Metagh, Mr. T. Sherrinton, Mr. T. P. Williams, Mr. T. Hawkins, Mr. R. Heathcote, and Mr. A. C. Heberden. For PENANG.-Mr. Nairni. For HONG-KONG.-Mr. Gregory, Lieut. E. C. Bolton, Mr. Caw, Mr. G. Liewssen, and Mr. S. Gray.

DOMESTIC.

BIRTHS.

BAXLEY, the wife of Edward Clive, Bengal Civil Service, s. at Woodside, North Stoneham, Hants, Aug. 15.

CUST, Mrs. Henry, d. in Park-street, Grosvenor-square, Aug. 20.
LAW, Hon. Mrs. William T. s. at 23, Thurloe-square, Brompton,
Aug, 26.

MACPHERSON, the lady of Cluny, s. at Cluny Castle, Aug. 25.
MARSDEN, Mrs. d. at Tottenham-green, Aug. 27.
MITCHESON, the wife of Lieut. Indian Navy, d. at Bitterne,
Aug. 22.

MARRIAGES.

AITKEN, William, M.D. Hon. E.I.Co.'s service, to Agnes, d. of the late Robert Fleming, at Edinburgh, Aug. 15. CAMPBELL, W. to Emily, d. of the late C. J. Cook, late of Madras, at Stettin, Prussia, Aug. 15.

COMBE, Capt. James J. 10th Bombay N.I. to Barbara, E. d. of the Rev. George M. Molyneux, rector of Compton, at Compton, near Guildford, Aug. 27.

LAYARD, Frederick, Ceylon Civil Service, to Rosomond E. d. of John W. Lloyd, at Llangadock, Aug. 17.

MAY, Arthur P. to Elizabeth B. d. of S. B. Brooke, late of the Hon. E. I. Co.'s civil service, St. Helena, at St. James's, Holloway, Aug. 22.

MOORE, William G. s. of the late John, of Calcutta, to Julia
A. E. Z. d. of the late Dr. Meyer, at Hameln, Aug. 10.
PALMER, William J. Hon. E. I. Co.'s service, to Anna M. d. of
the late John Maspen, at Stafford, Aug. 24.
THORNTON, Edward, H.M.'s charge d'affaires to the republic of
New Granada, s. of the late Rt. Hon. Sir Edward, G.C.B. to
Mary, widow of Andrew Melville, of Dumfries, and d. of John
Maitland, at St. Peter's church, Eaton-square, Aug. 15.
WARD, Rev. Edward D. to Rebecca E. d. of the late Capt.
Leighton, Bombay army, at Christchurch, Carlisle, Aug. 15.
WHITE, William H. Lieut. 49th Madras infantry, s. of the late
Thomas, Bombay civil service, to Harriette B. d. of William
Helder, and granddaughter of the late Col. Bellis, Hon.
E. I. Co.'s service, at St. James, Piccadilly, Aug. 22.

DEATHS.

BROOK, Col. of the retired service, Madras army, at Boulognesur-Mer, Aug. 12.

HUDSON, Elizabeth, widow of Henry, late of the East India House, at Camberwell, aged 77, Aug. 18.

PARKS, Charles C. late of the Bengal civil service, at Westbournepark-terrace, aged 57, Aug. 22.

STARLING, Lieut. Col. P. late of the Hon. E. I. Co.'s service, at Norwich, Aug. 16.

A NEW CAREER FOR THE OPIUM-EATER. - Had circumstances made De Quincy a detective policeman or a criminal lawyer (we mean no reflection here), no criminal could have baffled his ingenuity. From the slightest hints he would have tracked out the guilty party, and laid bare all the circumstances attending the deed.-Bombay Times.

Bengal Estab.-Major A. Park, 29th N.I., 4 months; Capt. R. Larkins, 49th N.I., 6 months.

Madras Estab.-Lieut. col. J. Davidson, 31st N.I., and Lieut. S. F. Turner, 39th N.I., 6 months.

Bombay Estab.-Capts. C. J. Symons, 5th N.I., B. Kay, 6th N.I., and Lieut. R. W. D'Arcy, 1st N.I., 6 months; Capt. G. C. Kemball, 1st cavalry, 1 month.

APPOINTMENT. MARINE.

Bengal Estab.-Mr. Edmund Humphry, admitted a volunteer for pilot service.

No. 5 of 1854.

LIST OF RANK OF CADETS FOR THE BENGAL ENGINEERS AND INFANTRY.

To rank from the dates specified.

ENGINEERS.-Charles S. Thomason, 12th June, 1852, quitted Chatham 20th June.

INFANTRY.-James W. O'Dowde (abroad), 20th June; William W. J. Ouseley, 28th June; Robert A. Dobbin, 6th July; George F. M. Phillips, 15th July; James H. Worsley, 19th July; John Watson, 1st August; Frederick J. Kean, 4th August; Robert D. C. Halkett, William W. Hume, and William H. W. Pringle, 5th August.

Mem.-Messrs. W. Battye, C. M. Bushby, and G. H. W. Hoggan, having passed their examination on the 23rd May last, are to take rank respectively next below Mr. W. G. Chalmers,-vide Lists Nos. 1, 2, and 3 of 1854,-agreably to the principle laid down in Military Letter, dated 21st July, 1852, No. 88.

No. 5 of 1854.

LIST OF RANK OF CADETS FOR THE MADRAS ENGINEERS, CAVALRY, AND INFANTRY.

To rank from the dates specified.

ENGINEERS.James M. Campbell, 12th June, 1852, quitted Chatham 20th June.

CAVALRY.-Arthur J. Freese (abroad), 24th June.

No. 5 of 1854.

LIST OF RANK OF ASSISTANT SURGEONS FOR BENGAL.

To rank from the dates specified.

Albert R. Waghorn, 22nd June; Frederick F. Dukes (abroad), 24th June; James Dillon, M.D., 28th June; William Watson, M.B., 1st August; Alexander J. Cowie, 4th August; William W. Bizzett, M.D., 20th August.

No. 5 of 1854.

LIST OF RANK OF ASSISTANT SURGEON FOR MADRAS.

To rank from the date specified.

John P. Nash, M.D., 20th June.

No. 5 of 1854.

LIST OF RANK OF ASSISTANT SURGEONS FOR BOMBAY,

To rank from the dates specified.

John B. Silver, 20th June; William P. Partridge, 3rd July; Heaton L. Williams, M.D., 21st July; Frederick T. Bond, 20th August.

THE

SHOULD NATIVES BE ADMITTED ΤΟ PRACTISE IN SUPREME COURTS ?-In regard to the official correspondence on the admission of natives to the legal profession in her Majesty's courts, we would remark, that since there is no reason that natives should not have a fair field, we wish them all advantage from the Governor-General's decision. If they are qualified to pass as attorneys, it would be highly improper to exclude them from so doing. Still the question stands, What are the qualifications of an attorney? A judge may admit a native to practise, and we only trust that our judges will have a due regard to the ulterior effects of their decisions. Law is already quite far enough removed from justice; and from what we know of natives, their practice would not tend to bring it any nearer. In certain respects, in subtlety of intellect, in a foolish following out of proximate ends without any regard to ulterior consequences, the natives have the advantage of us; and we fancy that in law-courts they could, with native clients, very speedily cast all English competitors. We may be wrong in this supposition; but we have always found that chicanery may very easily be permitted to grow and destroy the employment of straightforward men. There is, of course, no immediate prospect of such an evil as this we have referred to; but it is just as well to keep one's eyes open and a bright look-out ahead.-Bombay Times.

up

A NERVOUS LANDLORD.-Among the Small Cause Court reports, we find one of a case brought by Mr. Paliologus," One, &c." against Mr. Lidiard, his landlord, the plaintiff claiming damages for having been excluded from certain rooms which the defendant had agreed to let him. The agreement was admitted, but the defendant, a timid old gentleman, explained that his reason for not acting up to it was, that his lodger had brought a jackal-trap into the compound, from which he concluded that he intended to use the apartments which he had taken either as a menagerie or a hunting-ground, neither of which would tend to increase the peace and tranquillity of Mr. Lidiard's dwellinghouse. It appeared in the course of the trial that the supposed jackal-trap was merely a fowl-pen. Mr. Lidiard, therefore, had to pay for his groundless apprehensions. We can hardly pity him, for had he reflected for a moment, he might have recollected the maxim" clerus clerum non decimat." Lawyers don't catch jackals.-Bengal Hurkaru.

THE

East-India House, 23rd August, 1854. COURT of DIRECTORS of the EAST-INDIA COMPANY do hereby give notice,

That the Finance and Home Committee will be ready, on or before Wednesday, the 6th September next, to receive proposals in writing, sealed up, from such persons as may be willing to supply the Company with

8,841 HOGSHEADS OF EXPORT LONDON PORTER, and
3,247 HOGSHEADS OF EXPORT PALE ALE;

And that the conditions of the said contract may be had on application at the
Secretary's office, where the proposals are to be left, any time before 11 o'clock
in the forenoon of the said 6th day of September, 1854, after which hour no
Tender will be received,

THER

JAMES C. MELVILL, Secretary.

HE ORIENTAL BANK CORPORATION grant DRAFTS and negotiate or collect BILLS payable in Bombay, Calcutta, Ceylon, Hong-Kong, Madras, Mauritius, Singapore, Melbourne, and Sydney. They also issue, free of charge, Circular Notes and Letters of Credit for the use of Travellers on the Continent, and to India overland. They undertake the agency of parties connected with India, the purchase and sale of Indian Securities, and the effecting of Remittances between the above dependencies. They further buy and negotiate in London paper of the Indian Government Loans. W. W. CARGILL, Chief Manager.

Walbrook, London, March, 1854.

LIFE DEPARTMENT.-Under the provisions of an Act of Parliament, this Company now offers to future insurers FOUR-FIFTHS of the PROFITS, with QUINQUENNIAL DIVISION, or a Low RATE of PREMIUM without participation of profits.

The next division of profits will be declared in June, 1855, when all participating policies which shall have subsisted at least one year at Christmas, 1854, will be allowed to share in the profits.

At the several past divisions of profits made by this Company, the reversionary bonuses added to the policies from one-half the profits, amounted, on an average of the different ages, to about one per cent. per annum on the sums insured, and the total bonuses added at the four septennial divisions exceeded 770,000l.

FOREIGN RISKS.-The extra premiums required for the East and West Indies, the British Colonies, and the northern parts of the United States of America, have been materially reduced.

INVALID LIVES.-Persons who are not in such sound health as would enable them to insure their lives at the tabular premiums, may have their lives insured at extra premiums.

LOANS granted on Life Policies to the extent of their values, provided such policies shall have been effected a sufficient time to have attained in each case a value not under 50%.

ASSIGNMENTS OF POLICIES.-Written notices of, received and

registered.

MEDICAL FEES paid by the Company, and no charge will be made for policy stamps.

FIRE DEPARTMENT.-Insurances effected upon every description of property, at the usual rates,

FAMILY ENDOWMENT, LIFE

AND ANNUITY SOCIETY.

ASSURANCE

(No. 12, CHATHAM PLACE, BLACKFRIARS, LONDON.) CAPITAL, £500,000.

Empowered by Act of Parliament, 19th May, 1836.
DIRECTORS.

William Butterworth Bayley, Esq., Chairman.
John Fuller, Esq., Deputy Chairman.

Lewis Burroughs, Esq.
R. Bruce Chichester, Esq.
Major H. B. Henderson."
C. H. Latouche, Esq.

Edward Lee, Esq.

Lieut.-Col. J. W. Ouseley.
Major Turner.

Joshua Walker, Esq.

Secretary-Mr. John Cazenove.

INDIAN BRANCH.

COMMITTEE OF MANAGEMENT AT CALCUTTA.

C. Binny Skinner, Esq. James Stuart, Esq.

The above rates, it will be observed, are below those of any other Indian office.

To the policy holders on the profit scale, who have paid five years' premium, a bonus of twenty per cent. has been annually allowed for the last three years.

The Society grants an immediate reduction to the English rates to parties proceeding to Europe for a permanency, and a reduction after one year to those who come for a short period only.

The civil rate only charged on the lives of parties in the military service, holding civil offices, as long as they continue in such office.

Deferred Annuities and Endowments payable at any given period are also granted.

Tables and full information may be had at the Office in Chatham Place; or on application to the Secretaries at Calcutta, Messrs. GORDON, STUART, and Co.; or to the Agents at the other Indian Presidencies.