SECTION 76. Board of County Examiners. [7485] In each county there shall be a board of county examiners, composed of the county superintendent, who shall be ex officio chairman of the board, and two competent persons, holders of professional certificates or first-grade certificates, or of state certificates, or of diplomas from the State University, the State Normal School, or the State Agricultural College, who shall be appointed by the county commissioners on the nomination of the county superintendent, and shall serve one year from the time of their respective appointments, and each of whom shall receive for his services the sum of three dollars per day for not to exceed twenty-four days in any one year. (Laws 1905, ch. 390, sec. 1.)

SEC. 77. Public Examinations. [7486] The board of county examiners, two of whom shall constitute a quorum, shall, on the last Saturday of January and of October, and on Saturday of the last week of the county normal institute, together with the Friday preceding each such Saturday, only at such places as may be designated by the chairman (who shall give ten days' notice of each examination), publicly examine all persons proposing to teach in the common schools of the county (cities of the first and second class excepted) as to their competency to teach the branches prescribed by law;13 said board shall open each separate package of questions not earlier than the hour specified thereon by the state superintendent, and shall give the candidates the questions at the hour specified for the beginning of the examination on that subject; said board of examiners shall issue certificates, as by law provided, to all such applicants as shall pass the required examination and satisfy the board as to their good moral character and ability to teach and govern school successfully.14 (Laws 1905, ch. 391, sec. 1.)

of examiners "shall

as to their comSections 95 and 309

13. Section 77 provides that the county board publicly examine all persons proposing to teach petency to teach the branches prescribed by law." indicate what branches shall be taught in the public schools.

14. The awarding of a county certificate, or any other act within the jurisdiction of the county board of examiners, must have duly received, in the lawful course of business, the consent of at least two members of

SEC. 78. Examinations in Other Counties and at State Schools. [7487] Applicants for any grade of county certificates for any county of the state may write in the examination given in any other county of the state, or, if students at the State University, State Agricultural College, or State Normal School or either of its auxiliaries, at an examination conducted by the presiding officer thereof, on the questions and under the laws and regulations for the county examination; and the county examining board of any county, on receiving the papers, with a properly signed certificate on a blank to be provided by the state superintendent, together with one dollar for the institute fund for each applicant, shall issue certificates as provided in case of regular county examinations. (Laws 1905, ch. 391, sec. 2.)

SEC. 79. Special Examinations. [7488] Each county superintendent may, if he deems it necessary, conduct a special examination at the time of the closing of normal institutes in some other county or counties; provided, that the examination conforms to the laws in all other respects, including the questions prepared for that examination, and it shall be the duty of the state superintendent to furnish these questions, if notified by the county superintendent ten days before the date of the examination that he has accepted fees from two or more candidates for that examination. (Laws 1905, ch. 391, sec. 3.)

SEC. 80. Fees. [7489] Each candidate for the examination under the provisions of section 2 and section 3 of this act shall pay a fee of one dollar for this examination if taken at a state educational institution, or two dollars if taken before a county examining board, one dollar of which shall go into the institute fund of the county in which the examination is written. (Laws 1905, ch. 391, sec. 4.)

SEC. 81. Uniform Examinations. [7517] That the State Board of Education is hereby instructed to prepare a series of the board, in order to be, legally, an act of the board. County certificates can be legally granted only by the board.

A county certificate can not be lawfully dated back beyond the time when the county board, in the lawful course of business, actually awarded the same.

Although the county board may, by revocation for cause, abridge, they can not lawfully extend the time during which a certificate issued by them shall be in force, nor renew the same without a public examination of the holder thereof, except as provided by law.

A public examination is the only legal basis for the issuance of a certificate. It is the province of the board to determine the standing of the applicant in every study, and to inquire into the "competency" of the candidate to teach and govern a school successfully.

It is proper for the board to refuse a certificate to an applicant passing the necessary examination but not satisfying the board as to his ability to "teach and govern a school successfully."

Certificate in Case of Joint District. In the case of a joint district, the certificate must be issued by the board of examiners of the county in which the largest amount of territory is found.

questions for each examination, to be used in each county of the state of Kansas for the examination of teachers; and the state superintendent is hereby instructed to procure the printing of the same and distributing to the superintendents of the several counties in the state, as hereinafter provided. (Laws 1885, ch. 180, sec. 1.)

SEC. 82. Forwarding of Questions. [7518] The state superintendent shall forward all questions to the superintendents of the several counties in the state of Kansas; provided, that said questions shall be forwarded in time to reach their destination at least two days before required for use; and provided further, that said questions shall not be opened except in the presence of a majority of the examining board on the day and hour of examination. (Laws 1885, ch. 180, sec. 2.)

SEC. 83. Unlawful Use of Questions. [7754] It shall be unlawful for any person to sell or offer for sale, or buy or offer to buy, or to distribute, or have in his or her possession any printed or written examination questions prepared for any examination to be held for the purpose of testing the qualifications of persons desiring to be admitted to the practice of any of the professions in this state in which it is required that such persons be examined as to their qualifications, or any printed or written examination questions prepared for teachers' examinations for any of the schools of this state, or of any printed or written examination questions prepared for the final examination of any students in any of the higher institutions of learning of this state, desiring to graduate from said. institutions, prior to the time of the holding of such examination. (Laws 1909, ch. 208, sec. 1.)

SEC. 84. Penalty for Unlawful Use of Examination Questions. [7755] Any person selling or offering to sell, buying or offering to buy, distributing or having in his or her possession any such examination questions, contrary to the provisions of section 1 of this act, shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and upon conviction thereof shall be fined in a sum not less than twenty-five dollars nor more than one hundred dollars, or imprisoned in the county jail for not less than ten days nor more than six months. (Laws 1909, ch. 208, sec. 2.)

SEC. 85. Examiners Exempt. [7756] The provisions of this act shall not be construed to prevent the proper officials or instructors whose duty it is to conduct the said examination, referred to in section 1 of this act, from having in their possession printed or written copies of such examination questions. (Laws 1907, ch. 208, sec. 1.)

SEC. 86. Grades of Certificates; Terms; Endorsement; Revocation. Boards of county examiners may issue teachers' cer-tificates of three grades as provided in this act; namely, third grade, second grade and first grade; and said certificates shall

be valid only in elementary schools and shall continue in force in the county in which they are issued for terms of one year, two years, and three years respectively; and upon payment of a fee of one dollar which shall be turned into the normal institute fund, certificates of the second grade may be indorsed and certificates of the first grade shall be indorsed by the county superintendent of public instruction of any county in the state; and when so indorsed such certificates shall be valid in the county in which they are indorsed for the remainder of the term for which they were issued. A certificate issued under this act may be revoked by the board of examiners on. the ground of immorality or for any cause which would have justified the withholding of the certificate when it was granted, and the indorsement of a certificate may be withdrawn by a county superintendent for a like cause. (Laws 1915, ch. 298, sec. 11.)

SEC. 87. Certificates of the Third Grade. Certificates of the third grade may be issued to persons of good moral character and not less than eighteen years of age who shall by a written examination secure an average grade of seventy-five per cent with no grade below sixty per cent in the following branches: spelling, reading, writing, English grammar and composition, geography, arithmetic, United States history, Kansas history, civil government, physiology and hygiene, the elements of agriculture, elementary general science, English classics, and the principles and methods of teaching. A third grade certificate shall not be issued to any person who has previously held two certificates of the third grade if such person has taught seven months. (Laws 1915, ch. 298, sec. 12.)

SEC. 88. Certificates of the Second Grade. Certificates of the second grade may be issued to persons of good moral character and not less than eighteen years of age who have taught successfully not less than seven school months and who by written examination shall secure an average grade of eighty with no grade below sixty in all branches required for a third grade certificate, and in the elements of music the examination in which shall be confined to the questions prepared by the state board of education and shall not require singing by the applicant; and who in addition thereto have completed a oneyear course of study in a high school approved by the State Board of Education or the equivalent thereof as provided in section 15 of this act; provided that certificates of the second grade may be issued to persons who have had no previous experience in teaching if such persons have completed a fouryear course of study in a high school approved by the State Board of Education and are otherwise qualified as herein provided. (Laws 1915, ch. 298, sec. 13.)

SEC. 89. Certificates of the First Grade; Renewal. Certificates of the first grade may be issued to persons of good

moral character and not less than twenty years of age who have taught successfully not less than fourteen school months and who by written examination shall secure an average grade of ninety with no grade below seventy-five in all branches required for a second grade certificate, and in English history and the elements of physics, and who in addition thereto have completed a two-year course of study in a high school approved by the State Board of Education or the equivalent thereof as provided in section 15 of this act; provided that all grades of ninety per cent or higher recorded on a normal training certificate or on a second grade certificate and all grades of ninety per cent or higher secured in subsequent county teacher's examinations while said normal training certificate or certificate of the second grade is in force may be applied towards meeting the requirements of a first grade certificate. A certificate of the first grade may be renewed at its expiration upon the payment of a fee of one dollar to be turned into the normal institute fund if it is shown that the holder has attended at least ninety per cent of the time of three five day institutes or of one four weeks' institute or has attended some approved school for six weeks during the period for which the certificate was issued; and provided that the applicant shall have performed such professional work as the county superintendent shall prescribe for the renewal of first grade certificates. (Laws 1915, ch. 298, sec. 14.)

Applicants

SEC. 90. High School Credits; Examination. for first and second grade certificates may obtain the high school credits provided for in section 13 and section 14 of this act either by resident attendance in a high school approved by the State Board of Education or by examination in subjects selected from the first two years of the high school course prescribed by the State Board of Education. Subjects comprising three units of high school credit shall be accepted as equivalent to one year of high school attendance and subjects comprising seven units of high school credit shall be accepted as equivalent to two years of high school attendance. In order to secure credit by resident attendance the applicant must present to the county superintendent a statement signed by the principal of the high school showing the grades secured in each subject; and said statement shall be presented on a form furnished by the state superintendent of public instruction and shall be attached to the certificate when issued or recorded thereon and countersigned by the county superintendent. An examination of applicants for high school credits shall be held in each county of the state on the third Friday of May and the succeeding Saturday and first Friday of August and the succeeding Saturday of each year under such rules as the State Board of Education may prescribe. Notice of this examination shall be given by county superintendents and the examination