! Mr. Norton, after committing to the press his 'vindica- MR. TERNAUX, the celebrated manufacturer in France, employs, in his double capacity of agriculturalist and manufacturer, upwards of five thousand workmen.-He has lately brought into use a machine for openand cleaning wool, and others for milling and washing cloth, invented by M. Charbon. The consumption of his cloth and cassimere in Paris, is said to be prodigious, particularly as he has established tailors of his own, to oppose the monopoly which the others possessed, and who are now making coats of the best possible quality at from forty-five to eighty francs each. MOVEMENT OF TROOPS. Head quarters, western department, Jefferson Barracks, 18th April, 1829 Notice is hereby given, that a detachment of two hundred troops, under the command of major Riley, of the 6th regiment of infantry, will proceed from Cantonment A large manufactory of paste diamonds has been esLeavenworth, about the 1st of June, on the Santa Fe road, to the Arkansas river, for the protection of cara-tablished at Septmoncel on the Jura, in France, which vans engaged in commercial intercourse with the pro- employs four thousand persons at from two to three franes a day, in making diamonds to be purchased at forvinces of New Mexico. ty sous each. The detachment will halt at some position on the Ar- We find, from con- THE CREEK INDIANS. From the Montgomery (Alabama) Journal, of April 24. Colonel John Crowell, the late agent in the Creek nation, we are authorized to say, has been directed to remove his agency west of the Mississippi, to the country allotted to the emigrating Indians. He has very lately returned from Washington city, and has, we understand, a talk from the executive to the Creeks. The president tells them that an agency will no longer be retained in their present nation; that it is his wish they should remove, and his determination to have their lands sarveyed; that inasmuch as the state of Alabama has extended her jurisdiction over them, they will be thrown without the protection of the general government, and that the only course left to be pursued is for them to remove. He also informs them, that such as are disposed to remain, shall have a strip of land set apart for them, but that they will be subject to the jurisdiction of that state in which the land may lie; but that such as remove will have continued to then the protection of the government. Capt. Walker, from whom we derived this information, further informs us, that a meeting of the Indians is to be held on the 28th inst. for the purpose of deciding on the president's instructions. Capt. W. thinks they will emigrate en masse, and they will never plant another crop in their present country. He further states, that the extension of jurisdiction over them has had a most salutary effect, and that previous to the arrival of col. Crowell 1000 had enlisted. Thus we are in a fair way of speedily acquiring the Indian country, the acquisition of which promises the greatest advantages to Montgomery. NEW YORK. The legislature of this state adjourned on the 5th inst, after a session of 120 days, in which 377 bills were passed; among which were laws to renew the charters of sixteen old banks, and incorporate eleven new ones. Several important public improvements were authorised or encouraged, and the proceedings of the session will have an important bearing on the prosperity of New York. FOREIGN NEWS. GREAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND. On the 31st of March, Mr. Secretary Peel appeared at the bar of the house of lords with a message from the commons, proposing the concurrence of their lordships in the Roman Catholic relief bill, and in the bill for the regulation of the qualification of voters in Ireland. The Catholic relief bill was, at the motion of the duke of Wellington, read a first time. He then proposed that it should be read a second time on the 2d of April. Lord Bexley objected, expressing a hope that the measure might not be carried through with such precipitation. The discussion in the house of lords on Thursday the 2d of April, previous to the movement of the order of the day, was tumultuous. At length the order for the 2d reading of the relief bill having been taken up, the duke of Wellington opened the discussion in a speech of considerable length, of which the following is a brief abstract. The duke commenced with expressing his regret that he should differ on this subject with so many of those for whom he entertained so great respect. But he considered himself in the line of imperative public duty; and he pressed it upon the consideration of their lordships, that he had, from his office, opportunities of judging which were not accessible to others. His grace then proceeded to develope the state of Ireland, not otherwise, unless less intelligibly, and less circumstantially, than Mr. Peel did in the other house. The duke dwelt on the gravation of the evils of the condition of Ireland within a short period, as exhibited in the Clare election, the Baliba affair, and other incidents, the augmented, daring and increased authority of the association, &c. In such a condition, his grace inferred, as Mr. Peel did, the impossibility of securing the due administration of criminal and civil justice. This extraordinary organization of a power resisting the law and the king's peace, rendered it impossible for the crown to exercise its prerogative. It could not create a peer, for fear of the election which would follow. The law, continued the duke, was ineoinpetent to repress this state of things, and he asked, would parliament have consented to grant extraordinary pow ers on any other terms than those of emancipation? The duke then proceeded to the question of using force to constrain the Irish people, and warmly deprecated the notion of encountering the disastrous evils of a civil war; and he referred to the fact that the last event of that kind in Ireland had been immediately followed by such a proposition as that now presented to the house; his grace asked emphatically, how it was possible to avoid coming now to this proposition, with so many evils attending the contrary course, and with so strong an expression of public opinion in favor of concession, as was demonstrated in the late Protestant declaration in Ireland? He next proceeded to discuss the constitutional or legal question involved in the bill, and labored to show that the proposed concession was not at all in contradiction to CLAIMS AGAINST FRANCE. We see that at several pla- any permanent principle of the constitution, as settled ces, meetings have been held requesting the president to in 1688. The duke maintained that the Protestant settlesend a special mission to France to demand an adjustment of the crown was the only permanent principle of ment of the claims of our merchants against the govern- the constitution as defined in 1688; but that exclusion flourishing times of Greece, this country contained no fewer than 205 towns, and about 2,000,000 inhabitants. The six insular departments are the northern, central and southern Sperades, and the northern, central and southern Cyclades; 1309 square miles, with 196,000 inhabitants; thus the whole thirteen departments contain 7778 square miles, and 496,000 inhabitants. from the legislature, and other high office and function, | (69 to a degree.)-Their population is at the utmost was not a permanent principle of that settlement. He 300,000 souls, but it is probable that as soon as peace next directed his attention to the subject of the church, and a settled government have exercised their benefias to how its interests were affected by the bill. He con- cial influence in these countries, the population, partly by tended those interests could not be at all injuriously af- natural increase, and partly by emigration, may be aug. fected by the bill, but rather the reverse. He then en-mented in two years to 600,000 or 700,000 souls. In the tered into a statement of the provisions of the bill, and defended its wide principle of concession on the ground that to grant all was the only way to secure permanent peace. He defended the view ministers had taken with respect to declining all authority over the Catholic church, on the ground that to have done otherwise would have been to recognize a power which the sovereign of this country could not with dignity treat with on any terms. The duke expressed himself warmly in support of those provisions of the bill which relate to the society of the Jesuits; and he then proceeded to affirm his confidence, that the whole measure comprehended in the bill would produce the best effect upon the peace, happiness and prosperity of the empire. The archbishop of Canterbury followed his grace, and opposed the measure. The bishop of Oxford, lord Somers, the marquis of Lansdowne, and viscount Wicklow, spoke in favor of the bill: and the primate of Ireland, the duke of Richmond, Earl Winchilsea, earl Harewood, the bishop of London, the marquis of Salisbury and earl Enriskillen, against it, when an adjournment closed the debate. Lords Redesdale and Kenyon had entered a protest on the journals of the house of lords condemning the haste with which the Catholic bill was urged on by the ministry. An order issued under the reign of Selim III, for all clergy of the Greek church who are employed in the capital in the care of souls to reside in their respective dioceses, has lately been renewed, and the Greek patriarch has been called upon to furnish a list of all the clergy of his church, now in the capital. The attention of the Turkish government is directed to the means of obtaining corn for the supply of the capital and the army. One of the measures adopted is the sending away of a considerable number of Jews who have gradually come and settled in the capital, and cannot give a satisfactory account of their means of subsistence Active preparations are still going on for the opening of the campaign, and troops concentered in various quarters in order to be brought early in the field. It is generally thought that about the 27th of March, all the Russian troops which are assembled in the two principalities will march to the Danube; and it is affirmThe forty shilling freeholders' disfranchisement billed that the operations of the next campaign will begin by was to be read a second time in the house of lords on the attack of the fortresses of Silistria and Giurgevo. the 3d, if the progress of the Catholic bill afforded the During the month of February the Turks attempted opportunity. several sallies from the latter fortress, but they were always repulsed. Among other occasions on the 19th of February, they repeated their attack on the Russian outposts, and were immediately pursued up to the walls of Giurgevo and Rudschuk, by some squadrons of Cossacks, of which they did not kill a man. The anxiety as to the fate of the question has not yet abated the London papers say that nothing else is thought of or talked of-and that it has even aroused the apathy of fashionable society, among whom parties, &c. are less frequent than formerly. Negotiations are about to be resumed at Constantino A correspondent in the London Morning Herald supposes that the ministry have been induced to bring for-ple on the question relative to the treaty of the 6th of ward the Catholic measure from the fact, that the major- July, but only with count Guilleminot and Mr. Strat ity of the soldiers stationed in Ireland, had been inocu- ford Canning, who will stipulate in the name of Russia, lated with the spirit of the people. as well as of France and England. A battallion of the guards, with a body of police officers, had been placed on duty at Windsor, in apprehension of a tumult from the bodies of people, which it was expected would accompany the lords in conveying petitions thither against the relief of the Roman Catholics. The house of lords consists of about 400 members, among whom are 5 royal dukes, 3 archbishops, 19 English dukes, 24 marquises, (including the representative peers of Scotland and Ireland), 127 earls, (including the Scotch and Irish representative peers), 26 viscounts, (including the Scotch and Irish representative peers with that title), 27 bishops, (including the Irish representative prelates), and 180 barons, (including the representative peers of Scotland and Ireland of that rank of nobility.) The list printed by order of the house includes the Catholic peers, who, though they could not take their seats, retained their names on the rolls of parliament. Martin who set fire to the York Cathedral, has been tried, and pronounced guilty of setting the building on fire, in an insane state of mind, and has been remanded, to prison to await the will of his majesty. Twenty-nine persons employed in the manufactories of Hyde, were recently killed by the falling-in of the floor of a public house, in which about seven hundred persons had met to take into consideration certain measures relative to their wages. The trade of Manchester was improving. RUSSIA, GREECE AND TURKEY. BUENOS AYRES. The last advices represent Buenos Ayres in a feverish state of excitement. A new conspiracy or revolution, was anticipated in February last, and in consequence several eminent individuals who held offices, civil and military, under the late administration, were arrested and ordered into banishment; among them gen. Balcarce. The governor of Entre Rios, with the heads of the other provinces, denounces the late revolution and refuses to acknowledge the present government. We look for another political "summerset," which some think may be avoided by a meeting of the representatives of the province, which was shortly to take place. The war waged by Buenos Ayres against Santa Fe, progresses but slowly, and with but little advantage to either of the belligerents; though, according to a Buenos Ayrean paper, the destines of the republic are depending on the result of the expedition under command of Lavalle. An alarm respecting, the Indians had taken place in Patagonia; they had previously taken away 4000 head of cattle, and subsequently had shifted their quarters from the southward to the northward, and Pinchera forwarded a letter to the governor proposing peace. MEXICO. The law for the expulsion of the Spaniards from Mexi co, was promulgated at Tampico on the 4th ult. Thirty days were allowed the residents on the sea board to embark with their effects. Much confusion existed at Tampico in consequence of this order. VERY LATE FOREIGN NEWS. A decree has been issued by the president by which Greece is divided into thirteen departments, of which the Morea includes seven, and the islands, which now form part of the territory of the republic, six. The departments of the Morea are-Argolis, capital Napoli-Achaia, Calavrita-Elis, Gastouni-Upper Messenia, Arcadia-Lower Messenia, Calamata-Laconia, Mistra-and The Roman Catholic relief bill finally passed the house Arcadia, Tripolizza. These seven departments form an xtent of territory of 6,439 geographical square miles From London papers to the 15th April inclusive, received at New York by the Canada. of lords, on the 10th April, by a majority of one hundred and four! and the royal assent was given to it on the 13th. It would go into effect on the 23rd, when the fol- The campaign between the Russians and Turks ha lowing Catholic peers would be permitted to take their been opened; and several battles appear to have takes seats in the house of lords-the duke of Norfolk, earl place, though the ice on the Danube was only beginning Shrewsbury and lords De Clifford, Arundel, Dormer, to move. Great activity prevails among the Russians Stafford and Petre. The other bills dependent on the and the Turks have made mighty preparations. A very relief bill, would follow of course. The duke of Wel- bloody contest must be expected. The details received lington very ably defended the bill, and lord Eldon, and are unimportant, except to shew the exertions of the some of the bench of bishops, most earnestly opposed it. parties to this war. The emperor of Russia seems reThe house of lords was very full-almost every one hav-solved on an attempt to introduce his army into the ing ability to be present, being in attendance, or repre- heart of Turkey, if it be possible, and there determin sented by proxy. Peers present, content, 149, proxies the controversy. 64, 213 ayes-present non-content 76, proxies $5, 109 noes: total number of votes 322. It is fifty years since the Catholic question was first agitated in the English house of commons. It was brought forward by the late Mr. Fox, on the 18th of March, 1779, and was passed by a large majority on the 18th March, 1829, being precisely half a century. Though, as must have needs been expected, much feeling was shewn on the passage of the bill, yet both parties appear to have behaved with great moderation. The army in Ireland is immediately to be reduced. The British garrisons in the Ionian islands were to be reinforced. It is stated that Prussia is about to take a decided part in the contest between the Russians and Turksagainst the latter Cardinal Francis Xavier Castiglioni, bishop of Frescati, grand penitentiary and prefect of the sacred congregation of the Index, has been elected to be sovereign pontiff of Rome, and head of the Roman Catholic church-who has appointed cardinal Albani his secretary of state. The new pope is highly spoken of tor his piety and learning. The choice appears very satisfactory to France, which supported him at the former and present election. There was a terrible earthquake in Spain on the 21st March. Its chief force seems to have been expended in the province of Murcia. The following are a few of the particulars. The Russian minister at Teheran, in Persia, was a sassinated, or killed in a riot, on the 12th of Feb. The shah, himself, proceeded to quell the rioters, but arrived too late. The whole affair originated in a private quar rel of the suite of the minister with some of the populace, and the shah was in a great consternation about it, eager to give any satisfaction that might be demanded. Archduke Ferdinand, of Austria, has been raised to the dignity of Alter Ego, or lieutenant of the emperor, and is presumptive heir of the crown. According to the last accounts from Demetrius Ypsi lanti, the Turks had been again expelled from Livadia, after a very sanguinary battle. Letters from Dresden state that the judgment of the court acquitting the Poles, who were arrested two years ago for revolutionary intrigues, had produced a most agreeable sensation at Warsaw. Portugal has been devastated by storms, tempests and incessant rains. The crops have been washed away, even on the highest grounds. Such scenes of misery, it is said, were not recollected to have been before witnessed. O these are heaped the murders and cruelties of the heartless tyrant Miguel, who lately attempted to kill his own sister, by bravely discharging a pistol at her! He was he succeeds, there will be hundreds of murders. fitting out an expedition to reduce Terceira, in which, if GREAT ANTI-AUCTION MEETING. Murcia, capital of the province-not a single church From the New York Herald, of May 8. or edifice that has not been considerably damaged. The The meeting as announced, took place at the Mabridge of Segura, which unites the two parts of the city, sonic Hall last evening. At about half past eight the has suffered materially. Several houses have been ruin-meeting was organized, Nathaniel Richards, esq. being ed, and a great number of persons perished. called to the chair on motion of Mr. Robert Cheesborough, and Thomas A. Reynolds and Joseph Curtis, esqrs. appointed secretaries. Carthagena-The quarter of Serrata has been ruined. Rojales, La Granja, Cox, San Miguel, Calosa, and several other cities and villages, have suffered a great deal of injury. La Mat is a heap of ruins; the earthquake has dried up two salt lakes. Torre-Vejo-Not a single house is standing-the town a heap of ruins the number of killed and wounded is very great-200 bodies have already been dug out. Orihuela-Some edifices have fallen; the number of deaths here is but seven; the whole population is in the fields. The chairman stated briefly that the object of the meeting was to receive the report of the auti-action committee, appointed at a similar meeting held in Novem ber last. The question being put, shall the report now be read? was decided m the affirmative, when Mr. Jonathan Steele read the following report. On motion the report was adopted by the meeting. REPORT. The anti-auction committees, which were appointed Guardamar is no longer in existence; two windmills one year ago by your unanimous suffrage, now appear beonly are standing, the village having entirely disappear-fore you to render an account of the trust confided upon ed. Marjda, and several other vilages in the vicinity, have sustained great injury. Rafal-This village has been destroyed; the number killed and wounded is immense. Aix-Garres-Several houses have tumbled; and a mountain near the town has rolled away, and several individuals have perished. Benejuzar-The greater part of the houses have fallen; the number of wounded is considerable, and the killed amount to 250. them. From the outset they were aware of the magni tude of the evil against which they were to contend, and the consequent difficulties of their task. They knew that important changes can rarely be effected in a short time, even when they are evidently beneficial. Society adapts itself to existing abuses, and those who derive emoluments from them, endeavor to perpetuate them by every means. Conscious that the great maxim, "knowledge is power," is emphatically true in free countries, your committee began their operations by publishing and circulating extensively a detailed statement of the reasons why the present system of auctions ought to be abolished. They felt that every one who understood the subject must be on our side. Though detached articles The earthquake of the 21st was accompanied by a tre- had appeared, both in newspapers and pamphlets, exmendous noise. Travellers observed at Almoravi-Not a single house or edifice remaining on its foundation. Already 400 persons have been taken dead from beneath the ruins, besides a large number of wounded. the shock a column of fire proceedri coast of Murcia. Nor have the s the 21st in that province, and to pected. The details which must belon have not yet reached us. out of posing individual abuses, yet a condensed and systemat ic view of the whole subject, was still wanting. This we supplied: and subsequently we were enabled to lay betore the public, as a melancholy commentary on our revious reasonings, a catologue of facts illustrating the Daneful effects of auctions, not merely on the wealth, but on the morals of the community. These publications were read by all classes, and produced a powerful, and, we trust, a lasting effect. Our next step was to open a correspondence with the most respectable merchants in almost every town of any size in the United States This part of our duty was extremely laborious; but the result was most gratifying. We found that the whole country was with us. Not one of our numerous correspondents defended auctions, or doubted the justice of our cause; and assurances of co-operation were received from all quarters. which they were intended to support. We had satis- To watch over our interests at Washington, a delegation of our number proceeded thither, where they met similar delegations from Philadelphia, Baltimore, Alexandria, and Norfolk, all zealous in the same pursuit. During the whole session, they amply fulfilled our expectations. In a situation requiring much address, amidst conflicting parties, they did not mingle our cause with any other, nor make the smallest compromise of principles to obtam our end. They stood on high ground of moral right, and rested our claims on their merits alone. While our plans to inform the public mind, and to guide the national feeling to the accomplishment of our object, were in full operation, the election of members of congress for this city took place. It was obviously important that our representatives should be ready to support our cause, but unfortunately only one avowed himself on our side; and we had too good reason to believe that the other two were wedded to the interests of the auctioneers. We would gladly have avoided all collisions with the asperities of a contested election, but we had too much at stake to be permitted to hesitate; and we therefore, after consulting you at a public meeting held in this place in October last, took the field, by nominating candidates of high and independent character, before any of the political parties of the day had made known their choice. And though we were unpractised in the tactics of elections-though, by a disingenuous stratagem, we were long deceived into a belief that a majority of our representatives were prepared to aid us, The numerous memorials were referred by the house and therefore, that our interference in their re-election of representatives to the committee of ways and means, would not be required-though our measures were thu who, after a careful examination of the subject, reported postponed until the el venth hour-though we had not a a bill which would have given security to merchants, particle of party influence-and had not any thing to but would have left manufacturers and mechanics unarge but the public good; and though we were opposed protected. To supply this fatal defect, we drew a bill by a veteran body, familiar with the tortuosities and the in this city, embracing equally the interests of all classes, secret management of elections; drilled with the minute- and transmitted it to congress, as comprising our whole ness of the French police, and exacting from each of its plan of renet. This bill was introduced into the house members the surrender of his private opinions and feel- of representatives by our worthy member Mr. Johnson, ings for the aggrandizement of the order-yet, in the with a view to have it called up when the subject should face of all this opposition, we are proud to publish to be brought under discussion, and proposed as a substiour constituents, that, in the first, second, third, lourth, tute for the one reported by the committee of ways and and fifth wards of this city, where the commercial and means. There does not appear to be any doubt that, if trading classes principally reside-the anti-auction can- the session had been of the usual length, a bill of some didates had a great preponderance. They polled 14,655 kind would have been passed. Indeed we had the exvotes, while our opponents polled only 13,966. But this pressed opinion of the chairman of that committee to majority was neutralized by those, who, to save the labor this effect." But the pressure of public business, which of thinking, follow implicitly the direction of their lead- required to be urged through the house in less than half ers, and vote as they are commanded. Two of your the time commonly allotted to it, joned to the evident present representatives, therefore, are not the repre- dismelination to discuss any important subject ull the new sentatives of the merchants, manufacturers, and mechan-president should be installed, prevented many bills, and ics; who clearly cast them off, and transferred their ours among the number, trom bein, acted upon. votes to others more worthy. They are merely the servants of a party, elected amidst the hurricane of the presidential contest. And even this governing party, is, in general, hostile to auctions; and thousands of its ad-ness; and, consequently, had but imperfectly understood herents signed our memorial to congress, though in obedience to their party, they voted against us at the polls. They have been so long accustomed to rule in this city, and to exact Asiatic submission to their dietates, that they will not tolerate free agency in any others. Power, long exercised, is apt to appear to its possessors as an inherent right. When our delegation arrived at Washington, they discovered that many members of congress, not being merchants, were ignorant of the forms of mercantile busi the evils of auctions, concerning which so much had been said and written. It was a delicate and difficult duty to divest our statements of technical phraseology, and to explain the effect of every objectionable detail, in such a manner as to be easily and clearly comprehended by these gentlemen. But this obstacle was entirely surmounted. Merabers of congress gave kind and respectful attention to our numerous and varied explanations, and, long before the conclusion of the session, the subject was well understood, and a general topic of conversation among public men. It was at last believed, after as mmute inquiry as we had the means of making, that a majority of both houses was on our side. It was the opinion of our most influential friends, that our cause was increasing in strength, and that we should find the next congress more favorable to us than the last. For these important services we are indebted to our delegation. Agamst this moral array there appeared only a selfconstituted committee of five auctioneers in this city, who descended into the arena as the champions of abuse. During the present session of our state legislature, The complacency with which they pronounced the r own some attempts have been made to apply a partial remeflowery eulogium, was a harmless foible; which, though dy to the evils of auctions. But we did not mingle in it excited a general smile, did not call for severe ani- these discussions. We considered ourselves not as the madversion: and we had not any desire to dispel such representatives of any one city or state, but as agents of pleasurable illusion. The oegments which they ad- the whole umon, and we would justly have mcurred the dressed both to the public and to congress, like every censure of our respectable coadjutors, if we had sepaother defence of the present system, carried their own rated ourselves from them, to pursue our private interest. refutation in every paragraph, and mjured the cause! And, however desirable it might have been, that the state THE GOLD REGION. of New York should set the first example of correcting this monstrous abuse, we could not expect enlightened From the Raleigh, N. Carolina, Register. legislation from a body which derived so large a revenue from the very evil of which we complained. Besides, the gold mines of this state, have any adequate concepFew persons not residing in the immediate vicinity of no one in this audience can be ignorant that, though at tion of the extent of the operations which are carried on Washington we meet the auctioneers on equal terms, for procuring the precious metal. In this section of the yet we could not hope to do so at Albany. The delusion, by which alone the public have been state, the people talk of the gold mines but they have a deceived into the support of auctions, that goods are sold very imperfect idea of them, and but little knowledge of cheaper by public than by private sale, has long been heard of individuals digging for gold, but they have taken the vast sums which they annually yield. They have exploded among mercantile men. But as it is the only refuge of the auctioneers, they cling to it with their up the impression, that the same amount of labor, diusual consistency. It is at last, however, set at rest. would create a quantity of produce of greater value in rected with the same zeal to the cultivation of the soil, During the present session of the New York legislature, the market. They are not aware that science and skill a partner of the oldest auction house in this city, and have been put into requisition, and that a system has been the most distinguished in the United States, was exam adopted for working the mines, which ensures regular ined before a committee of that body especially appoint-profits, and renders them extensively productive. It is ed to inquire into the present system of auctions, and true that great desideratum, labor-saving machinery, was asked by the chairman, whether goods were sold at has been but recently put into successful operation, and higher prices by auction, or by the importers at private is confined as yet to water and horse power; but prepasale. He dad the honest hardihood to answer, that they rations are making for that of steam, also, which will sold higher at auction. His reply was so unexpected, that the question was again put to him. But he persisted greatly facilitate the process of obtaining the gold, and in the same reply. Let us, therefore, hear no more of enhance its profits. Already there are several companies from the north and south engaged in the business, The auctioneers have attempted to intimidate the pub-pany in Baltimore, with a capital of $50,000 for working and we have recently heard of the formation of a comlic press, by withdrawing their advertisements from newspapers which dared to oppose the reigning monopoly. a mine in Cabarrus.-Indeed, monied men from every They also threatened respectable editors for publishing quarter of the union, are purchasing up land, for which communications on the subject. Your committees, how they pay extravagant prices. Foreign capitalists have not ever, at once interposed their responsibility, even when thought it beneath their attention to visit the gold rethe obnoxious articles were written without their privity, ed us, a few days since, that he had just returned from a gion, for purposes of speculation: one of whom informand by persons whose name were not known to them: visit to the South American mines, and that those of and thus protected and preserved the freedom of dis- North Carolina greatly exceed them in richness. this. cussion. The funds which were subscribed by various members of our association, have been faithfully and economi'cally applied. The accounts of our receipts and disbursements are in the hands of our treasurer, Mr. Thomas H. Leggett, and are open to the inspection of the contributors. To such of our citizens as have the ability and leisure for making summer excursions, we would recommend a trip to the gold country. The superintendants of the mines are obliging and communicative, the citizens are proverbial for their hospitality, and the salubrity of the air is equal to any in the world. A few days spent in personal examination will give an individual a more thorough insight into the manner of obtaining the gold than volumes of description. In the county of Mecklenburg alone, it is believed, the amount of gold dug from the bowels of the earth, in each week, produces $2,000. And it is nothing uncommon for the merchants of the town of Charlotte when they go to make their purchases, to carry with them from 10 to 40 pounds of the precious metal. It can reaSince our association was formed, the evils of auc-dily be imagined what life and activity is infused in every tions have materially increased, and are now more se department of business, where the only bank which is verely felt than at any former period. While the other required to relieve the wants of the people is a bank of great markets around us have enjoyed a prosperous earth. trade since the beginning of the present year, we have been idle; the auction rooms have been, and are now, crowded at all hours; while the private trade stores are empty. It is vain to deceive ourselves or others into the behalf that we can sustain this competition. Unless we shall prevail with congress to regulate auctions effectually, our future course is down hill, and the goal is not far off. Already it has become almost impossible | for new firms to begin business, even with the best personal qualities, and with adequate capital. Already old We are not without hope from some recent discoveand rich houses find their sales diminishing, in spite ofries, that gold will yet be found in this (Wake) county. their most strenuous efforts. It will require but a few The first discovery of it was made in Cabarrus, and cou years longer to force men of capital out of the trade; to fined to that county for many years. The limits within extinguish that intermediate class of wholesale dealers, which it was then supposed to be embraced, have conwhich is as essential to the freedom of commerce as tinually been enlarging, as people have been led to the middle ranks generally are to political liberty; and search the country for it. It has been subsequently to elevate to permanent and unbridled dominion a few found in the counties of Rutherford, Burke, Lincoln, auctioneers, before whom every retailer and manufac- Mecklenburg, Rowan, Anson, Davidson, Montgomery, turer must tremble and obey. Where then will be the Randolph, Caswell, Guilford, Orange, and very recent high prices and large rent of real estate in this city? ly in Chatham. Is this not sufficient to warrant an examination of the more central counties of the state, there being nothing in the structure or composition of the gold formation, to forbid the belief of its existence in them also? COALE'S MNEMONIKA. But we trust that the elements of slavery are not in our association. Far be it from us to lie down in despair, and tamely to await our ruin. It is an eternal maxim, that perseverance in a good cause is invariably successful. Already the whole United States have been aroused on this subject. Already a majority in both houses of congress is believed to be on our side. It is a glorious atOther engagements have hitherto prevented a notice of tribute of truth, that it is always progressive. Ours is the valuable work, recently published by Mr. E. J. Coale, an increasing cause, and must prevail. Delays have oc- of Baltimore, entitled "Mnemonika, or the Tablet of curred, and may yet occur. Obstacles have been sur- Memory, compiled by the well known geographer, Wil mounted, and others may yet be in our way. But for us am Darby, esq. assisted by the publisher. It comprithere is no retreat. Ours is a struggle for existence. ses, within a small compass, a vast body of useful and inThe strongest motives urge and cheer us on. After teresting matter relating to history, religion, law, polwhat we have done in the past year, we have an unshak-ities, statisties, the en conviction that we shall succeed; and we now pledge ing in all to m ourselves to our constituents, that with their support we shall go on from session to session, and if required, from congress to congress, till our end shall be gained. been rescued access, and p bby, &c. the items amount heh, at great labor, have ocuments difficult of h renders it an imablishment of facts |