of fifty years or more were carried down, leaving a bare and ragged bank.

The stone wall which supported the roadway near the Middle Fall was undermined by rains during the summer and had to be relaid.

These troubles were remedied, and the roads generally were honed, filled up, trimmed, and repaired where necessary.

Winter Work

In the winter season, the regular employes are kept busy on such work as hauling dead trees from the forests for fire-wood; hewing fence-posts and fence-rails; building fences; removing debris after the repairing of buildings; scraping, cleaning and painting porch chairs; repairing tools, vehicles and harness; straightening up barns; care of live-stock, etc. The live-stock passed the winters of 1915-16 and 1916-17 in good condition.

Fires

The park was remarkably free from forest fires in 1916. On July 23, 1916, a strip of old stump fence about 300 feet long, lying in the extreme northeast corner of the park, was burned, probably by an incendiary.

The Arboretum

The Arboretum was an important part of the past year's work. Ten pounds of seed of Cupressus glabra from Arizona were received in February, 1916, through the courtesy of the United States Forest Service and planted in due season.

In April we had ready for the planting 32,000 Jack Pine, 38,500 Austrian Pine, 30,000 Western Yellow Pine, 15,000 Lawson's Cypress, 30,000 Red Pine, 2,000 White Pine (all one-year transplants), and 20,000 Engelmann Spruce (two-year transplants.)

Early in April we went over the hard-wood plantations and cut back all the stock that had been injured by mice and rabbits during the winter.

Ten Japanese Poplars have been removed from the Nursery and planted around the Lauterbrunnen stables, where they established

themselves in good shape. We also set Babylon Willows in the wet places near the Davis lot and near the Harwood farm.

In May, 1916, the Arboretum work was pushed with great activity, but was hampered by difficulty in getting help. Laborers were engaged for planting operations, but when planting time arrived the labor situation was such that no extra help could be had, and we had to rely on our regular force. In this emergency, the use of a cabbage planting machine was suggested as a substitute for treeplanting by hand. Such a machine was ordered from Buffalo on trial, and proved to be so satisfactory that it was retained and a second one purchased. With these machines it was possible to accomplish results much more rapidly and economically than before. Some days as many as 7,000 trees were planted with each machine. It seems apparent that this machine work will in a measure revolutionize tree-planting. Our experiments with machines were watched by authorities of various forest schools.

Under date of July 17th, 1916, Mr. Humphrey received a letter from Charles G. Henzell, Water Works Engineer, of Leeds, England, in which he stated that he had read in an American journal that we were using a tree-planting machine at Letchworth Park and that he would be glad to receive particulars as he was interested in the planting of trees in catchment areas of the city reservoirs and also had a scheme for afforestation in the Washburn valley.

In May, 1916, we planted about 41 acres, using 67,695 small forest trees, including Jack, Western Yellow, White, Red, Scotch and Loblolly Pine, Cedrus Deodara, Douglas Fir, Lawson Cypress, and Englemann Spruce.

June was a good growing month and the 1916 plantings went ahead wonderfully well. Some of the stock, however, died, the greatest loss being on the top of the hill west of the Erie railroad and along the road, possibly because it was set out during a strong wind and dried out before rain fell.

The conifers did well during the summer. Taking July, 1916, as a period for comparison, the Lawson Pine was then nearly 22 feet high and very stocky. The Jack Pine which was transplanted

in May, 1915, was nearly 3 feet high. In Block 24, which was planted in 1912, nearly all of the Jack Pines were more than 8 feet high and are now producing seed-cones. Box Elders which were grown in the park in 1913 and set in the field in 1914, are now bearing seed in quantities.

In July, 1916, sixty-four of the White Pines in Block 20 were found to be infested with the White Pine Weevil (Pissodes strobi Peck). Four of the Jack Pines in Block 24 were also infested with the weevil. The infested portions were removed and burned. The weevil is quite common to the locality and many of the forest trees are being somewhat affected by the pest.

In the seed beds we have growing quantities of Jack, Red, Scotch, White, Coulter, Shore, Pitch and Jeffrey Pines, Norway, Red and White Spruce, and Douglas and Nobel Firs.

Visitors

The

The total number of visitors to the park during the year is estimated at 15,000. This is only an estimate, as there are no means for making an accurate count. The Visitors' Book, in which many guests sign their names, shows that from May 15 to September 30, 1916, there were visitors from 27 different states. largest number naturally was from New York. Next to New York the largest number came from Pennsylvania; sixty-four registered from Ohio, fifty-six from Michigan, forty-nine from Illinois, thirty-five from Massachusetts and lesser numbers from other states. Twelve registered from Washington, D. C., two from Cuba, one from Honolulu, nine from Canada, two from Buenos Aires, South America, and three from Belgium, two from Ireland and one from China.

In the season of 1916, from May 15 to September 30, we continued the very satisfactory arrangement of the previous year with Mr. Charles Baeder of Geneseo, by which he managed the public entertainment of guests at the Glen Iris residence under our general supervision and charged for meals and lodgings at rates prescribed by us. The busiest month was August, during which 2,371 meals and 399 lodgings were provided.

On May 15, 1916, the Sophomore class of Rochester University held a banquet at the park. Some of the Juniors who appeared on

the scene were thrown into the lake in their college pranks, but without injury.

On May 26, the third annual meeting of the William Pryor Letchworth Association was held in the park. About 50 members were present. (See page 92.)

Dr. Horace Fletcher, a member of the Belgian Relief Commission, visited the park July 14 and 15.

On the 23rd, twenty-two members of the City Council of Chicago took dinner and expressed themselves as charmed with the park.

On the 25th, more than 200 persons attended the annual meeting of the medical societies of Wyoming, Livingston, Genesee and Allegany Counties, held for the second time at the park. Dinner was served in a large tent erected on the lawn. Dr. Meltzer, Direc tor of the Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research, delivered and address on "Resuscitation by Means of Artificial Respiration," and by sacrificing a cat demonstrated the working of the apparatus used in producing artificial respiration. An interesting illustration of an operation on the hip joint was given by means of moving pictures.

On August 3, 1916, Governor Whitman, accompanied by Assemblyman (now Senator) John Knight, Mr. Matthews of Wyoming and other prominent men of Western New York visited the park. Mr. Humphrey received the party. The Governor expressed himself as desirous of returning to the Park and making a longer stay.

The Livingston County Historical Society held its summer meeting there on August 22. There were upwards of one hundred people present. Assemblyman Knight delivered the address and Mr. Forman, President of the Rochester Historical Society, spoke briefly.

On the 23d Chairman Humphrey, accompanied by Mr. Mason C. Hutchins, Clerk of the Senate Finance Committee, and Mr. Leon P. Demars, Clerk of the Assembly Ways and Means Committee, spent a portion of the day at the Park.

Letchworth Memorial Association

The William Pryor Letchworth Memorial Association held its third annual meeting at the park on May 26, 1916, the ninetythird anniversary of Dr. Letchworth's birth. The day was glorious. About fifty members were present. A business meeting was held in Dr. Letchworth's study at eleven o'clock in the morning. The officers of 1915 were re-elected. Owing to its inability to find a suitable boulder upon which to place a tablet in memory of Dr. Letchworth, the Tablet Committee was also continued for another year.

The meeting called at 2:30 o'clock in the afternoon was held under a large maple tree planted on the grounds in 1863 by Joseph Bubendorf who was present and told of the condition of the tree and the circumstances of its planting. After a welcome on behalf of the American Scenic and Historic Preservation Society, the President of the Memorial Association introduced Dr. Rush Rhees, President of Rochester University, who made the principal address. Brief tributes were paid to Dr. Letchworth's memory by Dr. Mary T. Green of Castile, Miss Elizabeth P. Gordon of Boston, Hon. John Knight of Arcade, Judge Doty of Geneseo and Mr. Edward F. Walsh of Buffalo. Assemblyman Adler of Rochester and Mr. Elmer Adler of the Rochester Historical Society also spoke briefly.

Judge Doty of Geneseo supplemented his remarks with the reading of an account of the burning of the Eric Railway bridge at Portage in 1875 written by Dr. Letchworth. Mr. Edward F. Walsh of Buffalo added interest to the occasion by stating in his remarks that it was he to whom Dr. Letchworth dictated the description of the fire as they stood on the edge of the Glen Iris lawn and watched the conflagration at four o'clock in the morning. He said he was Dr. Letchworth's stenographer at that time and that Dr. Letchworth had called him hastily and told him to come down to the lawn, bringing pencil and pad. Dr. Letchworth directed him to kneel on one knee and he took the dictation on a pad resting on the other knee. He was directed to saddle a horse and go to Castile and wire the description to the Buffalo papers. (See next heading.)