You ask how means are found for the purchase and protection of natural monuments. You will see from what we have said that generally these ends are attained by means of public moneys appropriated by the Government. Where they are attained by private gifts, they are frequently the result of the generous impulses of high-minded men and women, acting on their own initiative as the result of personal appreciation or understanding of the good to be accomplished; or are evoked by the solicitation of organized societies or personal appeals. We know of cases of both kinds. Concerning these private gifts, as well as concerning the appropriation of public moneys, the main factor back of them all is the cultivation of public sentiment in their favor, oftentimes by long years of effort.

This public sentiment is developed by propaganda, conducted in various ways; by public meetings, lectures, pamphlets, books, newspaper and magazine articles, etc. We have found by experience that hopes long entertained may be realized in the most unexpected moments. We know of one case, for instance, in which individuals and societies had worked for ten or fifteen years without success to secure the preservation of a celebrated historic building near New York. One day, two gentlemen delivered addresses on the subject at a meeting of a women's society. The meeting was reported in the newspapers; and the next day a woman gave $50,000 for the purchase of the property. The main thing is to keep at the work hopefully and persistently and a large measure of success will come eventually, because the ends sought appeal to the intelligence, the humanity and the generosity of the people.

You ask for addresses of societies following lines of work similar to ours. There are not any societies with exactly the same scope as ours, but among organizations with similar aims and sympathies may be mentioned:

The American Museum of Natural History, Dr. Henry Fairfield Osborn, President, New York City, N. Y.

The New York Botanical Society, Dr. Nathaniel L. Britton, President, New York City, N. Y.

The New York Zoological Society, Dr. William T. Hornaday, President, New York City, N. Y.

The Brooklyn Institute of Arts and Science, Dr. Charles D. Atkins, Director, Brooklyn, N. Y.

The American Civic Association, J. Horace MacFarland, President, Harrisburgh, Penn.

The American Forestry Association, Charles L. Pack, President, Lakewood, N. J.

The American Geographic Society, Washington, D. C.

There are many forest, fish and game protective associations in different states but they are too numerous to mention. There are many Audubon Societies, named after the great American naturalist, John James Audubon, which are particularly interested in the protection of birds. There are also numerous local antiquarian societies devoted to the preservation of ancient landmarks. One of our most esteemed correspondent societies in the latter field is the Society for the Preservation of New England Antiquities, with headquarters in Boston, Mass.

For Government literature on these subjects, we would advise you to write to the Honorable The Secretary of the Interior, Washington, D. C., and to Dr. George Otis Smith, Director of the United States Geological Survey, Washington, D. C., asking them for all free publications concerning National Parks and National Monuments.

Outside of the publications of the National Government, you will probably get more general information on these subjects from our Annual Reports than from any other source. We trust that the information which we are sending you will reach you. The uncertainty of trans-Atlantic mail service is a great impediment.

Yours truly,

THE AMERICAN SCENIC AND HISTORIC PRESERVATION SOCIETY By the Secretary.

NEW YORK STATE RESERVATIONS

Under this general heading we give a recapitulation of all the New York State properties which are preserved as public parks and monuments* on account of their scenic, historic and scientific interests, so far as we know them. They are mentioned in the order of their creation.

1849. Washington's Headquarters, Newburgh, comprising about six acres. Originally purchased by the Land Commissioners. Subsequently put in hands of ten Trustees appointed by the Gov

ernor.

1879. Newtown Battlefield Reservation, in the towns of Emira and Ashland. Comprising about 16 acres about six miles southeast of Elmira City. Original monument erected in 1879, on plot donated by Alfred Searles. Fifteen acres additional given in May, 1912, by his daughter, Mrs. Hattie F. Elliott. Made a State Reservation by chapter 167 of the laws of 1913. by five Commissioners appointed by the Governor.

Administered

1883. Niagara State Reservation, comprising 112 acres of land and 300 acres of land under water. Created by chapter 336 of the laws of 1883. Administered by five Commissioners appointed by the Governor. (See index.)

1885. Adirondack Forest Preserve, comprising 1,701,894 acres in the Adirondack Mountains. Created by a series of laws beginning with chapter 283 of the laws of 1885. Administered by the State Conservation Commission. (See index.)

1885. Catskill Forest Preserve, comprising 110,970 acres in the Catskill Mountains. Created by chapter 283 of the laws of 1885 and subsequent laws. Administered by the State Conservation Commission. (See index.)

1887. Senate House, Kingston. Purchased by the State Trustees of Public Buildings pursuant to chapter 134 of the laws of 1887. Administered by the Trustees of Public Buildings.

1892. Fire Island State Park on Fire Island and adjacent shore, on the south side of Long Island. Comprising about 118 acres of land orginally purchased by the State in 1892 and ratified by chapter 111 of the laws of 1893, for a quarantine station. Erected into a State Park by chapter 474 of the laws of 1908. It is administered by five Commissioners appointed by the Governor.

1895. Saratoga Battle Monument, Schuylerville. Comprising about two acres. Accepted by the State by chapter 555 of the laws of 1895. In the custody of the State Comptroller.

1895. John Brown Farm. North Elba. Comprising 243 acres, given to the State by Henry Clews and others in 1895, and accepted by chapter 116 of the laws of 1896. Really a part of the Adirondack Forest Preserve. Administered by the State Conservation Commission.

1896. Grant Cottage, Mount MacGregor. Not owned by the State but maintained by it, pursuant to chapter 667 of the laws of 1896. Belongs to the Mount MacGregor Memorial Association.

1896. St. Lawrence Reservation, comprising about 181 acres, consisting of islands in and lands along the St. Lawrence River. Created by chapter 802 of the laws of 1896. Administered by the State Conservation Commission.

*1897. Stony Point Battlefield, at Stony Point on the Hudson River. Comprising 35 acres. Created by chapter 764 of the laws of 1897, passed at the instance of the American Scenic and His

*

Corresponding to the National Parks and National Monuments, q. v. This list has been verified (except as to acreage) by the Comptroller's office,

toric Preservation Society. In the custody of this Society. (See index.)

1897. Lake George Battlefield, Caldwell. Comprising about 35 acres. Created by chapter 279 of the laws of 1897 and chapter 391 of the laws of 1900, passed at the instance of the American Scenic and Historic Preservation Society. Administered by the New York State Historical Association by designation by the Comptroller.

1900. Palisades Interstate Park. Comprising about 30,000 acres along the west side of the Hudson River in the States of New York and New Jersey, including what is popularly known as Harriman Park in Rockland county, N. Y. The Palisades Interstate Park was created by chapter 170 of the laws of 1900 as the result partly of the work of the American Scenic and Historic Preservation Society. Harriman Park was added by Mrs. E. H. Harriman's gift which was accepted by chapter 362 of the laws of 1910. The property is administered by ten Commissioners appointed by the Governors of New York and New Jersey. Governor selects five and all ten are jointly appointed by both. (See index.)

Each

1900. Clinton House, Poughkeepsie. Acquired pursuant to chapter 419 of the laws of 1900. In the custody of the Daughters of the American Revolution.

1903. Spy Island, in the town of Mexico, Oswego County. An island in Lake Ontario, comprising about one acre. Conveyed to the State, pursuant to chapter 600 of the laws of 1903 in consideration of the State making repairs in the amount of $250. It was put in the care of the Silas Town Chapter, D. A. R., by chapter 399 of the laws of 1908.

*1904. Fort Brewerton, in the town of Hastings, Oswego County. Consisting of one acre at the foot of Oneida Lake. Purchased pursuant to chapter 653 of the laws of 1904. In the custody of the American Scenic and Historic Preservation Society. (See index.)

1906. Sir William Johnson Mansion and Blockhouse, Johnstown. Purchased pursuant to chapter 681 of the laws of 1906, passed partly at the instance of the American Scenic and Historic Preservation Society. In the custody of the Johnstown Historical Society.

1906. Watkins Glen State Reservation. Comprising about 100 acres at the head of Seneca Lake adjacent to the village of Watkins. In the custody of this Society.

Created by chapter 676 of the laws of 1906 at the instance of the American Scenic and Historic Preservation Society and originally placed in its custody. It was transferred by chapter 731 of the laws of 1911 to a commission of five members appointed by the Governor. By chapter 495 of the laws of 1915 the number of Commissioners was increased to seven.

*1907. Letchworth Park in the town of Genesee Falls, Wyoming county, and the town of Portage, Livingston county. Comprising about 1,000 acres and including the famous Portage Falls. Given to the State by William Pryor Letchworth through the American Scenic and Historic Preservation Society, and accepted by chapter 1 of the laws of 1907. In the custody of this Society. (See index.)

*1908. Philipse Manor Hall, Yonkers. Given to the State by Mrs. William F. Cochran, through the American Scenic and Historic Preservation Society. Accepted by chapter 168 of the laws of 1908 and placed in the custody of this Society. (See index.)

1909. Saratoga Springs State Reservation. Comprising about 100 acres, including the famous mineral springs at Saratoga. Created by chapter 569 of the laws of 1909. Administered by the State Conservation Commission.

1910. Crown Point State Reservation, at Crown Point on Lake Champlain. Comprising 25 acres and including the earthworks and barracks of the old fort. Given to the state by Witherbee, Sherman & Co. Accepted by chapter 151 of the laws of 1910. By designation of the Comptroller in the custody of the New York State Historical Association.

1911. Schuyler Mansion, Albany. Purchased pursuant to chapters 38, 440 and 811 of the laws of 1911. Administered by ten Trustees appointed by the Governor.

1913. Herkimer Homestead, in Danube. Purchased pursuant to chapter 217 of the laws of 1913. Under control of GermanAmerican Alliance and Daughters of the American Revolution.

1913. Montcalm Park, in Oswego. Originally purchased for the State Normal and Training School and forming the gardens of that institution. By chapter 610 of the laws of 1913 created a public park by the name of Montcalm Park and placed in the custody of the Fort Oswego Chapter, D. A. R.

1913. Bennington Battlefield. Consisting of 171 acres of land at Walloomsac, in the town of Hoosick, county of Rensselaer, constituting part of the Bennington Battlefield. Purchased pursuant *In the custody of this Society.