New Hampshire brigade, was approved by Washington in general orders of Christmas day, 1782. The next day the officers met at Gen. Gates' headquarters and adopted plans for the building. Each regiment was required to furnish part of the lumber, shingles and other materials, and Col. Tupper was appointed to superintend the construction. In 1890, Major Edward C. Boynton, one of the Trustees of the Washington Headquarters in Newburgh, obtained from Luther L. Tarbell of Boston the original drawings of the building made by his father, William Tarbell, a soldier in the 7th Massachusetts regiment. The drawings and authentic descriptions show that it was a frame building on a stone foundation, and contained a hall large enough to hold a brigade of soldiers. The vault of the hall was arched. At each end was a room convenient for use for courts-martial and other military purposes, including levees and public meetings. It was officially mentioned as "the New Building or "the Public Building", but was also popularly called "the Temple of Virtue," "the Temple' and "the Chapel."

The first assembly was held in the building on February 6, 1783, before it was finished, to celebrate the anniversary of the French alliance which had contributed so greatly to the American victory in 1781.

In this building was enacted one of the most and solemn and impressive scenes in the history of the war. There was discontent in the army, owing to detention in camp, delay in pay, consequent involvement in personal debt, fear for the future, and a feeling that the States were ungrateful for the services which the aarmy had rendered. Mutiny was actually planned. In May, 1782, Col. Nicola addressed a letter to Washington, expressing the view that a republic would be an unstable form of government, and suggesting that Washington become the head of the new government in the capacity if not under the title of king. Washington indignantly repudiated the suggestion, and at a meeting held in the New Building on Saturday, March 15, 1783, he concluded an extraordinary address to the troops with these words:

"Let me conjure you in the name of the common country, as you value your own sacred honor, as you respect the rights of humanity and the national character of America, to express the utmost horror and detestation of the man who wishes under any

specious pretence to overturn the liberties of our country, who wickedly attempts to open the floodgates of civil discord and drench our rising Empire in blood. By thus determining and thus acting you will pursue the plain and direct road to the attainment of your wishes-you will defeat the insidious designs of our enemies, who are compelled to resort from open force to secret.artifice, and you will give one more distinguished proof of unexampled patriotism and patient virtue, rising superior to the most complicated sufferings, and you will by the dignity of your conduct afford occasion for posterity to say, when speaking of the glorious example you have exhibited to mankind: Had this day been wanting, the world had never seen the last stage of perfection to which human virtue is capable of attaining.'

Temple Hill is about four miles in an air line southwest of Newburgh ferry landing and about half a mile north of Vail's Gate Junction on the Newburgh branch of the Erie railroad. Upon it is a monument (see plate 59) of random rubble stone in the shape of a tapering obelisk. Upon the four sides of the monument respectively are four granite tablets bearing the following inscriptions:

(North side.)

Erected by the Newburgh
Revolutionary Monument Association
1891

E. M. Ruttenber, President
Jos. M. Dickey, Vice Pres.
A. A. McLean, Treas'r.
Russell Headley, Sec'y.

(Near ground on north side.)

Wm. McMeekin

Builder

Forson & Ross

Engravers.

SHERIDAN STATUE IN ALBANY DEDICATED

On Saturday, October 7, 1916, an equestrian statue of Gen. Philip H. Sheridan was dedicated in the plaza opposite the eastern front of the capitol at Albany, N. Y. It is the joint gift of the State of New York and individual subscribers. The statue was completed by Daniel C. French from a model by the late J. Q. A. Ward, and stands on a granite pedestal designed by Henry Bacon. (See plate 60.)

HENRY STATUE IN ALBANY PROPOSED

In 1916, the model of a statue of Joseph Henry, the electrical inventor, was placed on exhibition in the State Museum at Albany, N. Y., and funds for the casting of the statue are being raised by the Joseph Henry Statue Committee, of which Henry P. Warren, L. H. D., Headmaster of the Albany Boys' Academy, is Chairman, and John M. Clarke, Sc. D., Director of the New York State Museum, is Secretary-Treasurer. The estimated cost of the undertaking is approximately $30,000, of which over one-half has already been pledged. The movement for the erection of the statue was advanced at a dinner given in Albany in May, 1916, by Dr. Charles B. Alexander of New York, à Regent of the University of New York, in honor of Dr. John J. McCarty, President of the National Institute of Electrical Engineers, and Professor Michael I. Pupin of Columbia University.

The figure of Henry, modeled by Mr. John Flanagan of New York, represents the discoverer at the period when, as a teacher in

the Albany Boys' Academy, he made his immortal experiments in long distance electrical transmission.

Dr. Clarke, writing of Henry, says that he was born in Albany, and of such humble origin that it is still obscure. Left alone with a widowed mother, he worked hard. Because of poverty at home he went off to district school in the country village of Galway in Saratoga county where he had an uncle. When he was growing into young manhood he came into contact with an inspiring lecturer at the Troy Lyceum, Amos Eaton, enthusiastic over all the works of Nature and a great teacher who soon after was to be the first director of the now famous Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute. Eaton presently had Henry employed on a geological survey of Rensselaer county. Soon after, Henry became a teacher in the academy at Albany and still later took charge of the Smithsonian Institution at Washington. Dr. Clarke says: "Our State has never paid its debt to this man, who was termed by the Regents of the Smithsonian Institution "the highest type of man." He was the son of New York, the greater child of Albany, one of the very few to receive the degree of the University of the State of New York, a great American to be ranked in service to mankind among the greatest of all."

STARK'S KNOB GIVEN TO THE STATE

On July 7, 1916, Mr. Emerson McMillin of New York City, a Trustee of this Society, transmitted to Dr. John M. Clarke, Director of the State Museum at Albany, his check for the purchase of the volcanic remains in Schuylerville, Saratoga county, N. Y., known as Stark's Knob. The preservation of this interesting landmark had been under consideration by the State Museum and the Trustees of this Society for nearly three years prior to the consummation of Mr. McMillin's gift. In order to facilitate the gift, the Trustees of this Society, by formal resolution of March 27, 1916, relinquished their preference for the custodianship of the property in favor of the State Museum.

Stark's Knob, as its name indicates, is a hill or knoll, and the interest attaching to it is both historic and scientific. During the Revolution, Captain John Stark built on this eminence a small redoubt which helped to obstruct Gen. Burgoyne's movements dur

ing the battle of Saratoga. Geologically it is unique, so far as known, in this state. It is of volcanic origin, and is frequently designated as a "plug." The question of the manner of its occurrence, the stage at which the lavas penetrated the rock, and the relation of the mass to its geological environment have been much discussed. Some geologists who have studied the matter are of the opinion that the plug is not now on its original site, but that in some great earth movement during the Taconic revolution, it was carried to its present place by a great overthrust from a more eastern point of origin, perhaps from Vermont. On the other hand, Mr. McMillin is one of those who consider that an improbability. He thinks that "the vent may have been obtained at this point when the Saratoga Fault was created. There might have been an overflow at the time of its upheaval and the scoriae carried away. The adjacent valley was doubtless eroded since the upheaval of the plug." Dr. Clarke admits that the theory of transportation is not fully demonstrable at the present time.

Some years ago the volcanic rock, which is a diabase, was thought to be valuable for highway construction and has been under lease for quarrying for that purpose. The rock had decomposed so badly, however, that it was not first class road-making material. By the gift of the knoll to the State, the disfigurement by the quarrymen has been stopped and a landmark of great scientific and much historic interest has been preserved. In doing this, Mr. McMillin has placed the State under a debt of obligation to him.

LESTER PARK OR CRYPTOZOON REEF

In our list of State reservations we have heretofore mentioned Lester Park, or Cryptozoon Reef, in Greenfield, near Saratoga Springs, N. Y., but have not described it. For the sake of completeness of our records, we give the following data. The park, embracing about 3 acres, was given to the State in 1914 by Mrs. Willard Lester and is in the custody of the State Museum. Dr. John M. Clarke, Director of the Museum, was chiefly instrumental in evoking Mrs. Lester's gift, although the Trustees of this Society, including Mr. McMillin, took a lively interest in the matter. The road to the park branches off from the State highway leading from