357, 358; enlistment of aliens, 416.
See 66 War."

66

Articles of Association, 1774, 53.
Articles of Confederation and Per-
petual Union between the States, 74;
committee to prepare, 74; presenta-
tion, 74; action by Congress, August
20, 1776, April 8, 1777, November 15,
1777, 74; adoption, 74; action of
States in signing, 75; the organic
law of the Union," 75; Congress
assembled under the Articles, 75;
"Powers of the States "-" Powers
of the Confederation," 76; custody
of original document, 76; the "Ar-
ticles" as adopted, with signers, 76.
Articles of War (and Navy), 199.
Assassins of Presidents, 329, 367.
Assay offices, why maintained, 200.
Assenisipia, 33.

Associated Youth, 414.

Attainder, its meaning, 200.
Autographs of the Presidents, 348.

"Bachelor President," 340.
"Backbone Ben," 344.
Balance of Trade, meaning, 200.
Ballot, origin of word; meaning; ap-
plication; first used in America, 200.
Barn-burners, 156.

prepared names, 32; ordinance of
the Northwest, 34; partition of pub-
lic lands, 39; maps showing changes,
38, 39; sectioned into States, 1789-
1858; Southwest Territory, 42; Terri-
tory of Mississippi, 42; purchase
from France, 43; history of States
and Territories (Table), 44, 45; area
with map, 46, 47, 48.
Black and Tans, 156.

Black Cockade Federalists, 156.
Black Republicans, 156.
Blockade: simple or de facto; public
or government; Pacific; actual;
constructure, 204.
Bloody-Shirts, 157.
Blue-light Federalists, 157.
Bobolitionist, 157.

Bolters in politics, 206.

'Bonaparte of Politics," 345.
Border Ruffians, 157.

Border State Men, 157.

Border States, 157.

Boundaries of acquired territory, 23.
Bourbon, 157.

Brindle Tails, 414.
British Faction, 157.
British Party, 157.

Broad Constructionists, 158.
Broad-Gauge Prohibitionists, 158.
Broadside, Declaration of Independ-
ence, 71; announcing signing of defi-
nite treaty of peace, 1783, 81.
Buck-tails, 158.
Burial-places of the Presidents and
wives, 370.
Burrites, 158.

Belligerent Rights, 201, 244, 420;
independence and belligerency
compared; law of nations; con-
fiscation; belligerency recognized
by the United States; belligerency
of the Confederate States recog-
nized by foreign governments, 202.
Belligerents in war, 266.
Bill before a legislature; when be- C, in surnames of Presidential candi-
comes a law; called an
Act or
dates, 353.
Statute; routine in Congress, 202.
Bill of Attainder, 200.

Bill of Credit, government, 204.
Bill of Pains and Penalties, 200.
Bill of Rights, 204.
Bimetallism, 204.

Birthday record of Washington, 352.
Birthdays of Presidents cele-
brated, 352.

Birth of the States, 30; claimant
States, 30; non-claimant States, 30;
relinquishment of Territories, 31;
division of Northwest Territory,

Cabinet: derivation of the word, 318;
development into present form, 316;
a bureau and a division, 317; offices
and duties, 318; "officers" within
meaning of Constitution, 286, 287;
who appointed by, 317; order of pre-
cedence, 317; legal responsibility of
members, 317; record of proceedings,
317; meetings have no legal phase,
317; restriction governing Secretary
of Treasury, 317, 318; when term ex-
pires, 318; renomination, 318; as
successors to the President, 287; to

residence, 417; passport denied
Filipinos, 249; authority in war
with foreign nations, 265.
Citizen's Independent Democracy, 414.

Cabinet of the Confederate States of Citizens' Union, 158.

|

tion, 111, last of the signers, 337;
"Father of the Constitution," 336;
compromise in framing, 214. See
"Constitution."

Constitutional convention 1787, 51.
Constitutional law, 234.
Constitutionalists, 159.
Constitutional-Union, 160.
Constructionists, 160.

Consuls-general and consuls, duties

and classification, 216.
Continental Congress: sessions, 101;
presidents, 102.

Contraband of war: application and

restrictions, 416.

Convention: first nominating, 245;
national delegates, 246; when ended,
246.

Conventionalists, 160.
Conventions, see "Platforms."
Coodies, 160.

Coons, 160.

Copperheads, 160.

Corporal's Guard, 161.

Cotton Whigs, 161.

Counting in the alternative, 217, 299.

See "Electoral Vote."

County Democracy, 161.

Court of St. James, 198.

action, 56; title given by, 56; in-
struction of delegates, 56; motion
of Richard Henry Lee, 57; com-
mittee of preparation, 57; action,
June 7, 8, 10, 11, 28, July 1, 2, 3,
and 4, 57, 58; how vote taken, 58;
unanimity of delegates not secured,
58; resolution after adoption, 58;
as reported by Committee and as
adopted by Congress, 59; signa-
tures, 63; explanatory notes, 63; an
unfortunate error, 65; how first
publication signed, 65; when pas-
sage by Congress first known, 65;
its first public reading, 65; other
public readings, 66; resolution for
engrossing and signing, 66; when
and by whom signed, 66, 67, 68, 69,
70; signers not members, July 4,
1776, and other incidents relating to
signatures, 66, 67, 68, 69; broadside,
71; facsimile, 72, 73; action by
States, 66, 67, 68, 69; a test oath,
and why, 66; occupations and gene-
alogy of signers, 70; facsimile (1824),
73; disposition of original docu-
ment, 73, 413; original draft, 73;
supplemental declaration, 73.
Declaration of War, 264. See "War."

Courts: martial, see "Military De facto and de jure, 343, 417.

Laws," 235.

Courts (jurisdiction): United States
Supreme and Superior Courts, 217;
term and retirement age of judges,
217; sessions held, 217; State courts,
civil and criminal, order of trial
cases, 217.

Delegates, First Colonial Congress, 52.
Democracy," Apostle and Exponent,"

336.

Democrat, 162; cartoon, the donkey,
163; cartoon, the tiger, 191.
Democrat-Republican, 163.
Demonetization of silver, 219.

Criminals (surrender): State and na- Demulist, 163.

"Dearest birthright to Britons" (colo- Disputed elections, 359.

nists), 229.

Death, relating to Presidents, 365.

Declaration of Colonial Rights (1774),

54.

Doctrine in the insular cases, 214.
Doe-faces, 164.

Domicile (residence of a citizen), 417.
Domiciled strangers, definition, 416.
Declaration of Independence: first Donkey, cartoon of Democracy, 163.

Elastic clause of the Constitution." En7073 Extracednary and Ministers

Excise tax, or internal revenue. 224.
Exequatur. 24.
Expansionists, 163.
Expatriation, rights and treaties, 224.
***Exponent of Democracy," 36.
Er post facto law, 225.
Exterritoriality: diplomatic and pas-
sage of foreign troops or visit of
vessels; protection under interna-
tional law; the “* Maine," 1898, 225,
417.

Elections, see "Presidential Elec- Essex Justo. 164.
tione," 73.
Electoral College: history of the term
and its adoption, 22): when college
expires, 25): vacancies, 22); based
on the Constitution, 199.
Electoral Commission (1977), 304.
Electoral count, an explanation, 291:
first regulation by Congress, 306:
tellers pro forma, 307; as planned
by various Congresses, 291.
Electoral system: presented and
adopted (1767), 276; changes subse-,
quently, 277; why adopted, 280;
obligation imposed upon electors,

241.

Electoral vote, an explanation, 290;
opening first certificates (1789), 269;
E. V. February 4, 1789, 268; E. V.
of each State at each election, 292;
E. V. each candidate at each elec-
tion, 294; irregularities, 298 et al.;
counting by Electoral Commission
(1877), 304; first count regulated by
Congress, 306; counting in the alter-
native, 217; when counted by Con-
gress, 294; why some States insist
on electors, 290; why system op-
posed, 290; one vote swaying an
election or State's vote, 359; status

Extradition of criminals, State and
National, 225.

Extra sessions of Congress, 146, 414.

of seceding States fixed, 301; Louisi-"Fellow-citizens"-in an inaugural
ana and Tennessee (1865), 302.
Electors, resolution, Congress, Sep-
tember 13, 1788, 96.

address, 312; first application, 210.
Felony, as a capital crime, 226.
Fiatists, 166.

ELECTORS, see "Presidential elec- Filibuster, see "Quorum."

tors."

Elephant, Republican cartoon, 186.
Emancipation Proclamation, 127;
slaves emancipated, 128; original

Filibustering, in a legislative sense,
226.

Fire Eaters, 166.
Fire Lands, 41.