is the Rookwood Pottery, founded also by an Ohio woman, Mrs. Bellamy Storer, wife of our present ambassador to Austria. No finer pottery is anywhere made. Fine in quality, beautiful in decorative value, its fame is world-wide. Mrs. Storer invented the peculiar glaze effect which marks its distinction from all other pottery in the world. It was she who, for years, did the actual work and to her wonderful taste, energy and spirit is due a product which is admired by all connoisseurs and which alone, would have given America a place in the world of art. In the field of geology and botany we have Laura Linton for whom lintonite, a variety of Lake Superior sandstone, is named, and Mary Emilee Holmes, first woman member of the Geological Society of America. In the realm of the drama and of music, among the many who might be named are Julia Marlowe and Clara Morris, Ella May Smith, songwriter; pianists: Fannie Bloomfield Zeisler and Julia Reeve King; vocalists: Corinne Moore Lawson, Genevra Johnston Bishop, Marie Decca and Dora Hennings. And now a singular event claims attention. "Its history is as thrilling as anything written by Sir Walter Scott of the crusades of the middle ages and stirs one like the stories of Napoleon's Old Guard." The great temperance crusade had its origin in Hillsboro. The first president was Mrs. Thompson, the only daughter of old Governor Trimble; a worthy daughter of her father is she. What memories are hers at eighty-seven, and what those of that other grand old woman, lovingly known as Mother Stewart, who is still older. The history and result of the crusade is known to the whole world, the society of over 300,000 women known as the Christian Temperance Union, tracing its origin to this praying band of which Mrs. Annie W. Clark, of Columbus, is the head in Ohio. It is now a world's union with Lady Henry Somerset of England at its head. One catches inspiration from the very faces of these women, and leaders in humanitarianism richly appreciate their work. When some impulse to bravery is one's great need, the annals of the life of Frances E. Willard seem pages inspired. As writer and speaker she is known to the ends of the earth and her life was more eloquent than book or 36 O. C. spoken word. She was born at Oberlin, Ohio. Here also lived Catherine Coffin, wife of the president of the "underground railway," and his chief assistant. It has been said that "Mothers are the only goddesses in whom the whole world believes." Much good should therefore result from a Congress of Mothers such as has been recently organized in this state. The Ohio congress owes its organization largely to the interest of Mrs. Edgar M. Hatton and is now under the leadership of Mrs, J. A. Jeffrey of Columbus. The Ohio Woman Suffrage Association has had something to do with the history and development of the state and would like to have more to do with it! Its affairs are wisely administered by Mrs. Harriet Taylor Upton. Last, and in some ways, strongest of all the organized activities of women in Ohio is the Federation of Women's Clubs now in its tenth year. Mrs. Edward L. Buchwalter, member from Ohio, and first vice president of the board of lady managers of the Louisiana Purchase Exposition, was one of its founders. It numbers more than eleven thousand members and has a larger number of such clubs than any other state or territory. An enumeration of contributions to the public good from individual clubs would be absolutely impossible here. Thousands of dollars have been contributed to libraries, for the decoration of school interiors, the founding of vacation and manual training schools, in the erection of public drinking fountains, in work with humane societies, war relief and other organizations, art exhibits and sanitary measures. The school savings bank system in almost every case has been introduced at their instance. Their chief concern however is for the institution we call home. They believe this the natural ambition, the inborn pride, the happiest sphere toward which a woman ever turns and all those things which are its safeguards: education, religion, good food, cleanliness, the abolition of child labor, the encouragement of patriotism, the circulation of good books, receive their hearty support. But more valuable than all they do is the atmosphere which the consideration of such subjects by great numbers of persons gives us atmosphere which to breathe, makes sounder moral lungs, clearer heads and consciences. Intelligent service has been rendered the state by the Ohio Federation of Women's Clubs as attested by the state librarian. Representatives of the Federation were the first to ask for a law giving Ohio free traveling libraries. Their influence was a large factor. The bill was framed and passed and Ohio now leads the Union in the number of free libraries circulated. The commissioner of schools bears testimony to the quiet, unremitting work carried on for nearly five years in behalf of a state normal school, saying that the passage of the Seese bill resulted largely from the sentiment created by the Federation. Ohio has now, as a result, two training schools for teachers, having stepped out of the class with Delaware and Arkansas, now the only states in the Union offering no training of this character. The Federation has, at the present time, four petitions before the legislature, all of which are likely to result in laws certainly beneficial to the state. They are: A petition for the establishment of a juvenile court in the city of Columbus; for the adoption of the Federal plan in the proposed new school code for Ohio, and for a minority representation of good women. on all boards whose functions are distinctly educational, especially public library and state normal school boards; to raise the age limit of girls placed in industrial schools to eighteen, instead of sixteen years, as the period for discharge, the same as now prevails for boys; and for the appointment of at least one woman factory inspector on the list of the fourteen employed. The able president of the Federation is Mrs. Samuel B. Sneath, of . Tiffin. The first club ever organized had as its president an Ohio woman. We have thus chronicled five world movements having their source in Ohiò and all originated by women; the Sabbath School, by Mrs. Lake, of Marietta; the woman's club movenient, Alice Cary, president of the first club organized; theory of authorship of Shakespeare's works, by Delia S. Bacon; the world's temperance union, Mrs. Thompson, and Mrs. Stewart; the Rookwood Pottery, Mrs. Bellamy Storer; while the first school teacher in the state, whose school system at Cleveland is acknowledged the peer of any in the world, was a woman. These facts fire the imagination, yet it is with no feeling of exultation, but with profound thankfulness that we contemplate the results of the past. What shall be our future destiny? With such men, with such women what may Ohio not become if we are faithful as well as fervent, wise as well as fearless, not desiring to "command the applause of the hour, but the judgment of posterity." O women of Ohio! why may it not be that in this western world prophecy shall in you be fulfilled and hope reach its full fruition! O men of Ohio! that union of high achievement and pure minds, which it seemeth God has here enjoined, let not man put asunder, then shall your feet be set upon the head of the enemy. Regnant Ohio! not a dream, not a dream, but the mosi sober, inevitable reality. The Voice of the People, a harmony like the fabled astral bell; the State, a vision glorious like that seen by John on the Island of Pamos; O most dear privilege, O sweet opportunity, for thee, alma mater Ohio, to rise and With one awakening smile Bid the serpent's trail no more thy beauteous realms defile. THE PRESS OF OHIO. S. S. KNABENSHUE. The Ordinance of 1787, for the government of the Northwest Territory, declared: "Religion, morality and knowledge, being necessary to good government and the happiness. of mankind, schools, and the means of education, shall forever be encouraged." The importance of the press, not only as a factor of popular education, but as the conservator of freedom of speech was evidently realized by the men who settled Ohio, the first-born of the states into which the Northwest was divided; for within four years after its settlement at Marietta, the first newspaper within its boundaries was set up. S. S. KNABENSHUE. This was the Centinel of the Northwestern Territory, first issued November 9. 1793, by William Maxwell, postmaster of Cincinnti. It was printed on a half sheet, 10 by 13 inches in size, and hence resembled a handbill. In those days, newspapers were very partial to mottoes, and the Centinel displayed this: "Open to all parties influenced by none." In 1796 Edward Freeman bought the paper, changed the name. Freeman's Journal, published it until the beginning of 1800, when he removed to Chillicothe. It would appear that he continued the publication there; for in the records of the territorial court at Chillicothe is found an order that an advertisement for contracts to build the old court house there, afterwards Ohio's first state house, should advertise in "Freeman's paper." The Scioto Gazette was then in existence. Freeman |