duly examined with reference to its purity, quality, and fitness for consumption; that for the purpose of such examination samples of each line in every invoice of tea shall be submitted by the importer or consignee to the examiner, together with the sworn statement of such importer or consignee that such samples represent the true quality of each and every part of the invoice and accord with the specifications therein contained; or in the discretion of the Secretary of Agriculture, such samples shall be obtained by the examiner and compared by him with the standards established by this Act; and in cases where said tea, or merchandise described as tea, is entered at ports where there is no qualified examiner as provided in section seven [21 U. S. C., sec. 46], the consignee or importer shall in the manner aforesaid furnish under oath a sample of each line of tea to the collector or other revenue officer to whom is committed the collection of duties, and said officer shall also draw or cause to be drawn samples of each line in every invoice and shall forward the same to a duly qualified examiner as provided in section seven: Provided, however, That the bond above required shall also be conditioned for the payment of all customhouse charges which may attach to such merchandise prior to its being released or destroyed (as the case may be) under the provisions of this Act. (Mar. 2, 1897, sec. 4, 29 Stat. 605; May 31, 1920, 41 Stat. 712; 21 U. S. C., sec. 44.)

1370. Permit for delivery; retention of inferior grades; reexamination; partial delivery.-That if, after an examination as provided in section four [21 U. S. C., sec. 44], the tea is found by the examiner to be equal in purity, quality, and fitness for consumption to the standards hereinbefore provided, and no reexamination shall be demanded by the collector as provided in section six [21 U. S. C., sec. 47], a permit shall at once be granted to the importer or consignee declaring the tea free from the control of the customs authorities; but, if on examination such tea, or merchandise described as tea, is found, in the opinion of the examiner, to be inferior in purity, quality, and fitness for consumption to the said standards the importer or consignee shall be immediately notified, and the tea, or merchandise described as tea, shall not be released by the customhouse, unless on a reexamination called for by the importer or consignee the finding of the examiner shall be found to be erroneous: Provided, That should a portion of the invoice be passed by the examiner, a permit shall be granted for that portion and the remainder held for further examination, as provided in section six [21 U. S. C., sec. 47]. (Mar. 2, 1897, sec. 5, 29 Stat. 605; 21 U. S. C., sec. 45.)

1371. Únited States Board of Tea Appeals; permit for delivery; exportation or destruction of inferior grades.-That in case the collector, importer, or consignee shall protest against the finding of the examiner, the matter in dispute shall be referred for decision to the United States Board of Tea Appeals, to consist of three employees of the Department of Agriculture, to be designated by the Secretary of Agriculture, and if such board shall, after due examination, find the tea in question to be equal in purity, quality, and fitness for consumption to the proper standards, a permit shall be issued by the collector for its release and delivery to the importer; but if upon such final reexamination by such board the tea shall be found to be inferior in purity, quality, and fitness for consumption to the said standards, the importer or consignee shall give a bond, with security satisfactory

to the collector, to export said tea, or merchandise described as tea, out of the limits of the United States within a period of six months after such final reexamination; and if the same shall not have been exported within the time specified, the collector, at the expiration of that time, shall cause the same to be destroyed. (Mar. 2, 1897, sec. 6, 29 Stat. 606; May 31, 1920, 41 Stat. 712; 21 U. S. C., sec. 47.)

1372. Examiners; examination according to usages of trade.-That the examination herein provided for shall be made by a duly qualified examiner at a port where standard samples are established, and where the merchandise is entered at ports where there is no qualified examiner, the examination shall be made at that one of said ports which is nearest the port of entry, and that for this purpose samples of the merchandise, obtained in the manner prescribed by section four of this Act [21 U. S. C., sec. 44], shall be forwarded to the proper port by the collector or chief officer at the port of entry; that in all cases of examination or reexamination of teas, or merchandise described as tea, by examiners of the United States Board of Tea Appeals under the provisions of this Act, the purity, quality, and fitness for consumption of the same shall be tested according to the usages and customs of the tea trade, including the testing of an infusion of the same in boiling water, and, if necessary, chemical analysis. (Mar. 2, 1897, sec. 7, 29 Stat. 606; May 31, 1920, 41 Stat. 712; 21 U. S. C., sec. 46.)

1373. Reexamination; advice of experts.-That in cases of reexamination of teas, or merchandise described as teas, by the United States Board of Tea Appeals in pursuance of the provisions hereof, samples of the tea, or merchandise described as tea, in dispute, for transmission to such board for its decision, shall be put up and sealed by the examiner in the presence of the importer or consignee if he so desires, and transmitted to such board, together with a copy of the finding of the examiner, setting forth the cause of condemnation and the claim or ground of the protest of the importer relating to the same, such samples, and the papers therewith, to be distinguished by such mark that the same may be identified; that the decision of such board shall be in writing, signed by them, and transmitted, together with the record and samples, within three days after the rendition thereof, to the collector, who shall forthwith furnish the examiner and the importer or consignee with a copy of said decision or finding. The United States Board of Tea Appeals herein provided for shall be authorized to obtain the advice, when necessary, of persons skilled in the examination of teas, who shall each receive for his services in any particular case a compensation not exceeding five dollars. Mar. 2, 1897, sec. 8, 29 Stat. 606; May 31, 1920, 41 Stat. 712; 21 U. S. C., sec. 48.)

1374. Forfeiture of rejected teas reimported.-That no imported teas which have been rejected by a customs examiner or by the United States Board of Tea Appeals, and exported under the provisions of this Act, shall be reimported into the United States under the penalty of forfeiture for a violation of this prohibition. (Mar. 2, 1897, sec. 9, 29 Stat. 606; May 31, 1920, 41 Stat. 712; 21 U. S. C., sec. 49.) 1375. Regulations.-That the Secretary of Agriculture shall have the power to enforce the provisions of this Act by appropriate regulations. (Mar. 2, 1897, sec. 10, 29 Stat. 607; May 31, 1920, 41 Stat. 712; 21 U. S. C., sec. 50.)

FILLED MILK

1376. Definitions.-That whenever used in this Act

(a) The term "person" includes an individual, partnership, corporation, or association;

(b) The term "interstate or foreign commerce" means commerce (1) between any State, Territory, or possession, or the District of Columbia, and any place outside thereof; (2) between points within the same State, Territory, or possession, or within the District of Columbia, but through any place outside thereof; or (3) within any Territory or possession, or within the District of Columbia; and

(c) The term "filled milk" means any milk, cream, or skimmed milk, whether or not condensed, evaporated, concentrated, powdered, dried, or desiccated, to which has been added, or which has been blended or compounded with, any fat or oil other than milk fat, so that the resulting product is in imitation or semblance of milk, cream, or skimmed milk, whether or not condensed, evaporated, concentrated, powdered, dried, or desiccated. This definition shall not include any distinctive proprietary food compound not readily mistaken in taste for milk or cream or for evaporated, condensed, or powdered milk, or cream: Provided, That such compound (1) is prepared and designed for feeding infants and young children and customarily used on the order of a physician; (2) is packed in individual cans containing not more than sixteen and one-half ounces and bearing a label in bold type that the content is to be used only for said purpose; (3) is shipped in interstate or foreign commerce exclusively to physicians, wholesale and retail druggists, orphan asylums, child-welfare associations, hospitals, and similar institutions and generally disposed of by them. (Mar. 4, 1923, sec. 1, 42 Stat. 1486; 21 U. S. C., sec. 61.)

1377. Manufacture, shipment, or delivery for shipment in interstate commerce prohibited. It is hereby declared that filled milk, as herein defined, is an adulterated article of food, injurious to the public health, and its sale constitutes a fraud upon the public. It shall be unlawful for any person to manufacture within any Territory or possession, or within the District of Columbia, or to ship or deliver for shipment in interstate or foreign commerce, any filled milk. (Mar. 4, 1923, sec. 2, 42 Stat. 1487; 21 U. S. C., sec. 62.)

1378. Penalty for violation of law; acts of agents.-Any person violating any provision of this Act shall upon conviction thereof be subject to a fine of not more than $1,000 or imprisonment of not more than one year, or both; except that no penalty shall be enforced for any such violation occurring within thirty days after this Act becomes law. When construing and enforcing the provisions of this Act, the act, omission, or failure of any person acting for or employed by any individual, partnership, corporation, or association, within the scope of his employment or office, shall in every case be deemed the act, omission, or failure, of such individual, partnership, corporation, or association, as well as of such person. (Mar. 4, 1923, sec. 3, 42 Stat. 1487; 21 U. S. C., sec. 63.)

1379. Secretary of Agriculture authorized to make regulations.-The Secretary of Agriculture is hereby authorized and directed to make and enforce such regulations as may in his judgment be necessary to carry out the purposes of this Act. (Aug. 27, 1935, Public 350, 74th Cong.)

ANIMALS, MEATS, AND MEAT AND DAIRY PRODUCTS

1380. Meat inspection (1) Inspection of meat and meat-food products; examination of cattle before slaughtering; diseased animals slaughtered separately and carcasses examined. That hereafter, for the purpose of preventing the use in interstate or foreign commerce, as hereinafter provided, of meat and meat food products which are unsound, unhealthful, unwholesome, or otherwise unfit for human food, the Secretary of Agriculture, at his discretion, may cause to be made, by inspectors appointed for that purpose, an examination and inspection of all cattle, sheep, swine, and goats before they shall be allowed to enter into any slaughtering, packing, meat-canning, rendering, or similar establishment, in which they are to be slaughtered and the meat and meat food products thereof are to be used in interstate or foreign commerce; and all cattle, swine, sheep, and goats found on such inspection to show symptoms of disease shall be set apart and slaughtered separately from all other cattle, sheep, swine, or goats, and when so slaughtered the carcasses of said cattle, sheep, swine, or goats shall be subject to a careful examination and inspection, all as provided by the rules and regulations to be prescribed by the Secretary of Agriculture, as herein provided for.

(2) Post-mortem exmination of carcasses, and marking; destruction of condemned carcasses; reinspection.-That for the purposes hereinbefore set forth the Secretary of Agriculture shall cause to be made by inspectors appointed for that purpose, as hereinafter provided, a post-mortem examination and inspection of the carcasses and parts thereof of all cattle, sheep, swine, and goats to be prepared for human. consumption at any slaughtering, meat-canning, salting, packing, rendering, or similar establishment in any State, Territory, or the District of Columbia for transportation or sale as articles of interstate or foreign commerce; and the carcasses and parts thereof of all such animals found to be sound, healthful, wholesome, and fit for human food shall be marked, stamped, tagged, or labeled as "Inspected and passed;" and said inspectors shall label, mark, stamp, or tag as " Inspected and condemned" all carcasses and parts thereof of animals found to be unsound, unhealthful, unwholesome, or otherwise unfit for human food; and all carcasses and parts thereof thus inspected and condemned shall be destroyed for food purposes by the said establishment in the presence of an inspector, and the Secretary of Agriculture may remove inspectors from any such establishment which fails to so destroy any such condemned carcass or part thereof, and said inspectors, after said first inspection, shall, when they deem it necessary, reinspect said carcasses or parts thereof to determine whether since the first inspection the same have become unsound, unhealthful, unwholesome, or in any way unfit for human food, and if any carcass or any part thereof shall, upon examination and inspection subsequent to the first examination and inspection, be found to be unsound, unhealthful, unwholesome, or otherwise unfit for human food, it shall be destroyed for food purposes by the said establishment in the presence of an inspector, and the Secretary of Agriculture may remove inspectors from any establishment which fails to so destroy any such condemned carcass or part thereof.

(3) Examination of carcasses, etc., brought into slaughtering establishments, and meat food products issued from and returned thereto.

The foregoing provisions shall apply to all carcasses or parts of carcasses of cattle, sheep, swine, and goats, or the meat or meat products thereof which may be brought into any slaughtering, meat-canning, salting, packing, rendering, or similar establishment, and such examination and inspection shall be had before the said carcasses or parts thereof shall be allowed to enter into any department wherein the same are to be treated and prepared for meat food products; and the foregoing provisions shall also apply to all such products which, after having been issued from any slaughtering, meat-canning, salting, packing, rendering, or similar establishment, shall be returned to the same or to any similar establishment where such inspection is maintained.

(4) Inspectors of meat food products; destruction of condemned products; products for export.-That for the purposes hereinbefore set forth the Secretary of Agriculture shall cause to be made, by inspectors appointed for that purpose, an examination and inspection of all meat food products prepared for interstate or foreign commerce in any slaughtering, meat-canning, salting, packing, rendering, or similar establishment, and for the purposes of any examination and inspection said inspectors shall have access at all times, by day or night, whether the establishment be operated or not, to every part of said establishment; and said inspectors shall mark, stamp, tag, or label as "Inspected and passed" all such products found to be sound, healthful, and wholesome, and which contain no dyes, chemicals, preservatives, or ingredients which render such meat, or meat food products unsound, unhealthful, unwholesome, or unfit for human food; and said inspectors shall label, mark, stamp, or tag as "Inspected and condemned " all such products found unsound, unhealthful, and unwholesome, or which contain dyes, chemicals, preservatives, or ingredients which render such meat or meat food products unsound, unhealthful, unwholesome, or unfit for human food, and all such condemned meat food products shall be destroyed for food purposes, as hereinbefore provided, and the Secretary of Agriculture may remove inspectors from any establishment which fails to so destroy such condemned meat food products: Provided, That subject to the rules and regulations of the Secretary of Agriculture the provisions hereof in regard to preservatives shall not apply to meat food products for export to any foreign country and which are prepared or packed according to the specifications or directions of the foreign purchaser, when no substance is used in the preparation or packing thereof in conflict with the laws of the foreign country to which said article is to be exported; but if said article shall be in fact sold or offered for sale for domestic use or consumption then this proviso shall not exempt said article from the operation of all the other provisions of this Act [21 U. S. C., secs. 71-94].

(5) Labeling receptacles or coverings of meat or meat food products; sales under false names forbidden; trade names.-That when any meat or meat food product prepared for interstate or foreign commerce which has been inspected as hereinbefore provided and marked “Inspected and passed" shall be placed or packed in any can, pot, tin, canvas, or other receptacle or covering in any establishment where inspection under the provisions of this Act is maintained, the person, firm, or corporation preparing said product shall cause a label to