1778. shall be allowed to the merchants in the cities and towns where February 6. they live, for selling and transporting their goods and merchandises; and if any thing be taken from them, or any injury moval or sale of be done them within that term, by either party, the people, the property of the citizens of or subjects of either, full satisfaction shall be made for the either party. The citizens of hibited from sions from a third power to cruise against each other. same. ATT. 21. No subjects of the most christian king shall apply each party pro- for, or take any commission, or letters of marque, for arming taking commis- any ship or ships to act as privateers against the said United States, or any of them, or against the subjects, people, or inhabitants of the said United States, or any of them, or against the property of any of the inhabitants of any of them, from any prince or state with which the said United States shall be at war; nor shall any citizen, subject, or inhabitant of the said United States, or any of them, apply for, or take any commission or letters of marque for arming any ship or ships, to act as privateers against the subjects of the most christian king, or any of them, or the property of any of them, from any prince or state with which the said king shall be at war; and if any person of either nation shall take such commissions or letters of marque, he shall be punished as a pirate. Privateers commissions from a third power at enmi to be allowed ART. 22. It shall not be lawful for any foreign privateers, cruising under not belonging to subjects of the most christian king nor citi zens of the said United States, who have commissions from ty with one of any other prince or state in enmity with either nation, to fit the parties, not their ships in the ports of either the one or the other of the to fit their ships aforesaid parties, to sell what they have taken, or in any other or sell their pri- manner whatsoever to exchange their ship, merchandises, or zes in the ports any other lading; neither shall they be allowed even to purchase victuals, except such as shall be necessary for their going to the next port of that prince or state from which they have commissions. of the U. S. or France. Free trade allowed to one party with the enemy of the other, &c. ART. 23. It shall be lawful for all and singular the subjects of the most christian king and the citizens, people and inha. bitants of the said United States, to sail with their ships with all manner of liberty and security, no distinction being made who are the proprietors of the merchandises laden thereon, from any port to the places of those who now are or hereafter shall be at enmity with the most christian king, or the United States. It shall likewise be lawful for the subjects and inhabitants aforesaid, to sail with the ships and merchandises aforementioned, and to trade with the same liberty and security from the places, ports, and havens of those who are enemies 1778. mois après la déclaration de guerre, aux marchands dans les villes et cités qu'ils habitent, pour rassembler et transporter February 6. les marchandises; et s'il en est enlevé quelque chose ou s'il leur a été fait quelqu' injure durant le terme prescrit cidessus, par l'une des deux parties, leurs peuples ou sujets, il leur sera donné à cet égard pleine et entière satisfaction. ART. 21. Aucun sujet du roi très chrétien ne prendra de commission ou de lettres de marque pour armer quelque vais. seau ou vaisseaux à l'effet d'agir comme corsaires contre les dits Etats Unis ou quelques uns d'entr'eux, ou contre les sujets, peuples ou habitans d'iceux, ou contre leur propriéte ou celle des habitans d'aucun d'entr'eux, de quelque prince que ce soit avec lequel les dits Etats Unis seront en guerre. De même aucun citoïen, sujet, ou habitant des susdits Etats Unis et de quelqu' un d'entr'eux, ne demandera ni n'acceptera aucune commission ou lettres de marque pour armer quelque vaisseaux, ou vaisseaux pour courre sus aux sujets de sa majesté très chrétienne, ou quelques uns d'entre eux, ou leur propriété, de quelque prince ou état que ce toit avec qui sa dite majesté se trouvera en guerre; et si quelqu'un de l'une ou de l'autre nation prenoit de pareilles commissions ou lettres de marque il sera puni comme pirate. ART. 22. Il ne sera permis à aucun corsaire étranger non apartenant à quelque sujet de sa majesté très chrétienne ou à un citoïen des dits Etats Unis lequel aura une commission de la part d'un prince ou d'une puissance en guerre avec l'une des deux nations, d'armer leur vaisseaux dans les ports de l'une des deux parties ni d'y vendre les prises qu'il aura faites, ni décharger en autre manière quelconque les vaisseaux, marchandises ou aucune partie de leur cargaison; il ne sera même pas permis d'acheter d'autres vivres que ceux qui lui seront nécessaires pour se rendre dans le port le plus voisin du prince ou de l'état dont il tient sa commission. ART. 23. Il sera permis à tous et un chacun des sujets du roi très chrétien et aux citoïens, peuple et habitans des susdits Etats Unis, de naviguer avec leurs bâtimens avec toute libertè et sureté, sans qu'il puisse être fait d'exception à cet égard, à raison des propriétaires des marchandises chargées sur les dits bâtimens, venant de quelque port que ce soit et destines pour quelque place d'une puissance actuellement ennemie, ou qui pourra l'être dans la suite de sa majesté très chrétienne ou des etats Unis. Il sera permis également aux sujets et habitans susmentionnés de naviguer avec leurs vaisseaux et marchandises et de fréquenter avec la même liberté 1778. February 6. of both or either party, without any opposition or disturbance whatsoever, not only directly from the places of the enemy aforementioned to neutral places, but also from one place be longing to an enemy, to another place belonging to an enemy, whether they be under the jurisdiction of the same prince, or Free ships to under several. And it is hereby stipulated, that free ships make freegoods shall also give a freedom to goods, and that every thing shall contraband, always excepted. be deemed to be free and exempt which shall be found on board the ships belonging to the subjects of either of the confederates, although the whole lading, or any other part thereof, should appertain to the enemies of either, contraband goods being always excepted. It is also agreed in like manner, that the same board free ships soldiers except- liberty be extended to persons who are on board a free ship, ed in the ser- with this effect, that although they be enemies to both or either my, to be pro- party, they are not to be taken out of that free ship, unless they are soldiers and in actual service of the enemies. Persons on vice of an ene tected. Articles desig nated which are ed as contra. band of war. Goods not con nated. ART. 24. This liberty of navigation and commerce shall exto be consider- tend to all kinds of merchandises, excepting those only which are distinguished by the name of contraband, and under this name of contraband, or prohibited goods, shall be comprehended arms, great guns, bombs with the fusees, and other things. belonging to them, cannon ball, gunpowder, matches, pikes, swords, lances, spears, halberds, mortars, petards, granades, salt-petre, muskets, musket balls, bucklers, helmets, breast plates, coats of mail, and the like kind of arms, proper for arming soldiers, musket rests, belts, horses with their furniture, and all other warlike instruments whatever. These traband desig- merchandises which follow, shall not be reckoned among contraband or prohibited goods; that is to say, all sorts of cloths, and all other manufactures woven of any wool, flax, silk, cotton, or any other materials whatever; all kinds of wearing apparel, together with the species whereof they are used to be made, gold and silver, as well coined as uncoined, tin, iron, latten, copper, brass, coals; as also wheat and barley, and any other kind of corn and pulse; tobacco, and likewise all manner of spices; salted and smoked flesh, salted fish, cheese and butter, beer, oils, wines, sugars, and all sorts of salts; and in general all provisions which serve for the nourishment of mankind, and the sustenance of life; furthermore, all kinds of cotton, hemp, flax, tar, pitch, ropes, cables, sails, sail cloths, anchors, and any parts of anchors, also ships' masts, planks, boards and beams of what trees soever; and all other things et sureté les places, ports, et hâvres des puissances ennemies des deux parties contractantes ou d'une d'entre elles sans opposition ni trouble, et de faire le commerce non seulement directement des ports de l'ennemi susdit à un port neutre, mais aussi d'un port ennemi, à un autre port ennemi, soit qu'il se trouve sous sa jurisdiction ou sous celle de plusieurs; et il est stipulé par le présent traité que les batimens libres assureront également la liberté des merchandises, et qu'on jugera libres toutes les choses qui se trouveront abord des navires apartenants aux sujets d'une des parties contractantes, quand même le chargement ou partie d'ice lui apartiendroit aux ennemis de l'une des deux; bien entendu néanmoins que la contrband e sera toujours exceptée. Il est également convenu que cette même liberté s'étendroit aux personnes qui pourroient se trouver abord du batimen libre quand même elles seroient ennemies de l'une des deux parties contractantes, et elles ne pourront être enlevés des dits navires à moins qu'elles ne soient militaires et actuellement au service de l'ennemi. ART. 24. Cette liberté de navigation et de commerce doit s'etendre sur toutes sortes de marchandises, à l'exception seulement de celles qui sont designés sous le nom de contrebande: sous ce nom de contrebande ou de marchandises prohibées doivent être compris les armes, canons, bombes avec leurs fusées et autres choses y relatives, boulets, poudre à tirer, méches, piques, épées, lances, dards, hallebardes, mortiers, petards, grenades, salpêtre, fusils, balles, boucliers, casques, cuirasses, cote de mailles, et autres armes de cette espèce, propres à armer les soldats, porte-mousqueton, baudriers, chevaux avec leurs équipages, et tous autres instrumens de guerre quelconques. Les marchandises dénommées ciaprés ne seront pas comprises parmi la contrebande ou choses prohibées, savoir, toutes sortes de draps et toutes autres étoffes de laine, lin soye, coton ou d'autres matières quelconques; toutes sortes de vêtemens avec les étoffes dont on a coutume de les faire, l'or et l'argent monnoïe ou non, l'étain, le fer laiton, cuivre, airain, charbons, de même que le froment et l'orge, et toute autre sorte de bleds et legumes; le tabac et toutes les sortes d'épiceries, la viande salée et fumée, poisson salé fromage et beurre, bierre, huiles, vins, sucres, et toute, espèce, de sel, et en général toutes provisions servant pour la nourriture de l'homme et pour le soutien de la vie. De plus, toutes sortes de coton, de chanvre, lin goudron, poix, cordes, cables, voiles, toiles à voiles, ancres, parties d'ancres, mats, planches, madriers, et bois de toute espèce, et toutes autres 1778. February 6. 1778. February 6. Sea letters, or passports, to be furnished, in other. proper either for building or repairing ships, and all other goods whatever which have not been worked into the form of any instrument or thing prepared for war by land or by sea, shall not be reputed contraband, much less such as have been already wrought and made up for any other use: all which shall be wholly reckoned among free goods; as likewise all other merchandises and things which are not comprehended and parti cularly mentioned in the foregoing enumeration of contraband goods; so that they may be transported and carried in the freest manner by the subjects of both confederates, even to places belonging to an enemy, such towns or places being, only excepted, as are at that time besieged, blocked up, or invested. ART. 25. To the end that all manner of dissentions and quarrels may be avoided and prevented, on one side and the case either par- other, it is agreed, that in case either of the parties hereto ty be engaged in war, to the should be engaged in war, the ships and vessels belonging to vessels of the the subjects or people of the other ally, must be furnished with sea letters or passports, expressing the name, property, and bulk of the ship, as also the name and place of habitation of the master or commander of the said ship, that it may appear thereby that the ship really and truly belongs to the subjects of one of the parties, which passport shall be made out and granted according to the form annexed to this treaty; they shall likewise be recalled every year, that is, if the ship happens to return home within the space of a year. It is likewise agreed, that such ships being laden are to be provided not only with passports as abovementioned, but also with certificates, containing the several particulars of the cargo, the place whence the ship sailed, and whither she is bound, that so it may be known whether any forbidden or contraband goods be on board the same: which certificates shall be made out by the officers of the place whence the ship set sail, in the accustomed form, and if any one shall think it fit or adviseable to express in the said certificates, the person to whom the goods on board belong, he may freely do so. Vessels of either party, on the enter or unload ART. 26. The ships of the subjects and inhabitants of either coast or in port, of the parties, coming upon any coasts belonging to either not willing to of the said allies, but not willing to enter into port, or being are to be treated entered into port and not willing to unload their cargoes or according to break bulk, they shall be treated according to the general general rules, to be prescrib- rules prescribed or to be prescribed, relative to the object in ed. question. |