of June of each year, make a report to the Secretary of the Interior of its proceedings during the past year, and of all moneys received and disbursed by it during that period. SEC. 5. Sixty days after the first meeting of the Board of Dental Examiners for the Philippine Islands and subsequent to the passage of this Act, it shall be unlawful for any person to practice dentistry in any of its branches in the Philippine Islands without a certificate of registration from the Board of Dental Examiners, or without having filed with the secretary-treasurer of said Board an affidavit, for the purpose of securing a registration certificate, setting forth the time and place in which he has practiced dentistry in the Philippine Islands prior to the passage of this law: Provided, That dentists who have passed successful examinations before a Board established by the Provost-MarshalGeneral, City of Manila, pursuant to authority from the Military Governor of the Philippine Islands, dated August second, eighteen hundred and ninety-nine, shall be furnished with a certificate of registration by the Board of Dental Examiners on payment of the required fee for registration without further examination: Provided also, That nothing in this act shall apply to dental surgeons of the United States Army on duty in the Philippine Islands, nor in any way apply to or affect any person who was resident in the Philippine Islands and lawfully engaged in the practice of dentistry there prior to the passage of this Act: And provided further, That persons who have studied medicine in the Santo Tomas University at Manila for a period of not less than two years and who have received the title of "Cirujanos Ministrantes" and who have studied dentistry for the last four months of their course in such university, may be registered as undergraduates in dentistry upon passing a satisfactory examination before the Board, and, when so registered, shall be authorized to practice dentistry in remote towns where no regularly qualified dentist is available. The names of the towns in which each such undergraduate in dentistry is authorized to practice shall be included in his certificate of registration. The secretarytreasurer shall collect a fee of five dollars for each certificate of registration as undergraduate in dentistry issued by the Board. SEC. 6. Every person engaged in the practice of dentistry in the Philippine Islands at the time of the passage of this Act shall within sixty days from the date of its passage register with the secretary-treasurer of the Board and pay the usual fee of registration, and the secretary-treasurer shall issue the usual certificate of registration to each person so registered. Any person failing to comply with this provision within the stated period shall be required to appear before the Board and pass a satisfactory examination before it shall be lawful for him to again engage in the practice of dentistry in the Philippine Islands. SEC. 7. Any person shall be regarded as practicing dentistry within the meaning of this act who shall for a fee, salary, or other reward, paid to himself or to another person, perform any operation or part of an operation upon the human teeth or jaws, or who shall restore lost teeth, jaws, or portions of jaws artificially, or who shall treat diseases or lesions or correct mal-positions thereof; but this provision shall not apply to artisans engaged in the mechanical construction of artificial dentures or other oral devices, or to students of dentistry practicing in any legally chartered dental school or college on patients under the direct supervision of an instructor in such dental school or college: And provided further, That this provision shall not be construed to interfere with physicians or surgeons in their legitimate practice as defined by Act numbered three hundred and ten. SEC. 8. Any two members of the Board may issue a temporary certificate of registration to an applicant upon the presentation by such applicant of satisfactory evidence that he possesses the necessary qualifications to practice dentistry, such certificate to remain in force only until the next regular meeting of the Board, at which time the person to whom it has been issued shall report for examination. Temporary licenses shall be granted only when the Board is not in session and will not meet within thirty days. In no case shall a temporary certificate of registration be renewed or extended, nor shall a second temporary certificate be granted to any person. The fee for a temporary certificate of registration shall be five dollars, and the applicant shall further deposit with the SecretaryTreasurer of the Board the sum of five dollars to complete the payment of his fee for a regular certificate. He shall also file with the Secretary-Treasurer of the Board an affidavit to the effect that it is his intention to appear at the next regular meeting of the Board and to submit to an examination with a view to obtaining a permanent certificate. Should he appear and pass a satisfactory examination, a permanent certificate shall be granted to him without additional charge. Should he fail to appear and pass such examination, the money deposited by him shall not be returned to him, but shall be paid to the Treasurer of the Philippine Archipelago. SEC. 9. The Board of Dental Examiners shall refuse to issue either of the certificates provided for by this Act to any person convicted by a Court of competent jurisdiction of any criminal offense, or to any person guilty of immoral or dishonorable conduct, or of unsound mind, and in the event of such refusal shall give to the applicant a written statement setting forth the reason for its action, which statement shall be incorporated in the record of the Board. The Board may revoke a certificate for like cause, or for unprofessional conduct after due notice to the person interested and on hearing, subject to an appeal to the Board of Health for the Philippine Islands, the decision of which shall be final. SEC. 10. Every practitioner of dentistry shall display in a conspicuous place upon the house or office where he practices his full name, and he shall further display his certificate of registration in his office, in plain sight of patients occupying his dental chair. Any person violating this provision shall, upon conviction, be punished by a fine of not less than twenty-five nor more than one hundred dollars for each offense. Any owner, proprietor or manager of a dental office or establishment who shall fail to cause to be displayed as provided in this section the registration certificate of each person practicing dentistry in such office or establishment, shall, upon conviction, be punished by a like fine. SEC. 11. No person shall in any way advertise as bachelor of dental surgery, doctor of dental surgery, master of dental surgery, licentiate of dental surgery, doctor of dental medicine, or dental surgeon, or append the letters B.D.S., D.D.S., M.D.S., L.D.S., or D.M.D. to his name, who has not had duly conferred upon him by diploma from some school, college, university, or Board of Examiners legally qualified to confer the same, the right to assume said title, nor shall any person assume any title or prefix or append any letters to his name to represent falsely that he has received a dental degree or certificate of registration. Any person violating this provision shall, upon conviction, be subject to a fine of not more than one hundred dollars or to imprisonment for not more than ninety days. SEC. 12. Where the word "dollars" is used in this Act, it shall be understood to mean dollars in money of the United States. SEC. 13. This Act shall take effect on its passage. Therapeutic Notes. Some Improvements in the Method of Local Analgesia. Several points must be borne in mind, among them the mechanical and physical difficulties in infiltrating all the nerves supplying an extensive field of operation. To inject the whole area so as to reach all its nerves would mean in many cases the use of much more of the toxic drug than is necessary, and, in some cases, so much as to be dangerous. The author refers to certain observations by Braun, of Leipsic, on a method of overcoming the drawbacks incident to the usual mode of producing local anesthesia. This method is based upon the old experience that anything which retards or diminishes the circulation of the blood in a part enhances the potency of the analgesic agent. Experiments were made with Adrenalin, a very small quantity of which was injected with B-eucaine (or cocaine) into the author's own arm, and subsequently into the arms of numerous patients. After the lapse of twenty minutes the part was quite blanched and wholly insensitive to pain, remaining so for about two hours. Adrenalin, alone, used in this way had no analgesic effect, while the results of the use of the combined solutions of B-eucaine and Adrenalin were far superior to those produced by B-eucaine alone. The most convenient way to prepare the solution is as follows: Powders each containing 0.2 gramme (3 grains) of B-eucaine and 0.8 gramme (12 grains) of pure sodium chloride are kept in thick glazed paper, ready for use. When needed, one powder is dissolved in 100 cc. (3 fluid ounces) of boiling distilled water, and 1 cc. of Parke, Davis & Co.'s Solution Adrenalin Chloride is added when the fluid is cool. The solution is left in the Jena glass beaker in which it has been boiled, which is carefully covered and placed in a vessel of warm water to keep it at blood heat. The injection is made by means of a simple syringe of glass and metal of 10 cc. capacity, with rubber washers, which can be sterilized by boiling. To illustrate his method the author describes in detail the performance of an operation for the radical cure of inguinal hernia. The hernia is first reduced, and the index finger is thrust into the external ring as far as possible. Along this finger the needle is entered and the inguinal canal is filled with 10 cc. of the solution. An endeavor is made to inject it all around the neck of the sac so as to reach the genital branch of the genito-crural nerve. The needle is then entered at the external end of the line of incision in the skin, and is made to infiltrate the superficial layers of the latter down to the root of the scrotum, making the resulting wheal an inch longer at each end than the incision is to be. Injections are then made at a point half an inch to the inner side of the anterior superior spine of the ilium, the needle being thrust towards the ilio-inguinal nerve, and at a point about one inch above the middle of Poupart's ligament, where the ilio-hypogastric nerve is most conveniently met. Then the thigh is flexed, and another syringeful is injected along the ramus of the pubis and the root of the scrotum or labium. It is necessary to wait twenty minutes after the last injection for the full effect of the Adrenalin to develop. The whole field of operation should be blanched and insensitive to pricks but not to touch-analgesia, not anesthesia. The incision may then be made with confidence that no pain will be felt. The absence of oozing of blood is noticed. Only large vessels bleed at all. Success depends upon a mastery of the principles, and practice in the details of the method. It is not enough to |