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There are in the village about ten Miamis who bear in their arms, a Crane,
Eight Illinois Kaskakias are also included whose device is a feather of an arrow,
notched; (+) or two arrows supported one against the other in

saltier (like a St. Andrew's cross.)

These are the nations best known to us as well along the great river of the Outawas as north and south of Lakes Superior and Michigan. I propose now proceeding again from Montreal by way of the Lakes to Missilimakinak.

From Montreal on the Lake route, I spoke of Sault St. Louis, on the first sheet.

Toniata.

Some Iroquois, to the number of eight or ten men have retired to this quarter. Their device is without doubt, like that of the village from which issue the Deer, the Plover, &c., as hereafter,

Lake Ontario, or South of Frontenac.

There are no more Iroquois settled.

The Mississagués are dispersed along this lake, some at Kenté, others at the River Toronto, and finally at the head of the Lake, to the number of one hundred and fifty in all, and at Matchedach,

The principal tribe is that of the Crane.

North of Lake Ontario.

The Iroquois are in the interior and in five villages, about fifteen leagues from the Lake, on a pretty straight line, altho' one days journey distant from each other. This nation, though much diminished, is still powerful.

South of Lake Frontenac.

The Onondagoes number two hundred warriors. The device of the village is a Cabin on
the top of a mountain,

The Mohawks, towards New-England, not far from Orange (Albany) are eighty men, and
have for device of the village a Battefeu [ a Steel] and a flint,
The Oneidas, their neighbors, number one hundred men or a hundred warriors,

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This village has for device a Stone in a fork of a tree, or in a tree notched with some blows of an axe.

The Cayugas form a village of one hundred and twenty warriors. Their device generally is a very large Calumet,

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The Senecas form two villages in which are three hundred and fifty men. Their device is a big mountain,

Besides the arms of each village, each tribe has its own, and every man has his particular mark to designate him. Thus the Oneida designates his village by a Stone [in] a fork-next he designates his tribe by the bird or animal, and finally he denotes himself by his punctures. See the designs which I had the honor to send you in 1732 by Father Francois, the Recollet.

The five villages which belong to the same tribe, have for their arms in common, the Plover, to which I belong; the Bear, the Tortoise, the Eel, the Deer, the Beaver, the Potatoe, the Falcon, the Lark, and the Partridge.

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1 M. DE JONCAIRE, the supposed author of this Report, is here thought to be alluded to. He was adopted at an early period by the Senecas, among whom he had much influence.

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I doubt not but the other nations are as well distinguished, but our voyaguers, having little curiosity in these matters,have not been able to give me any information. The Tuscarorens have a village of two hundred and fifty men near the Onondagoes, who brought them along. I know not their hieroglyphics,

The Iroquois have some cabins at the Portage, (Niagara, Lake Ontario.)

The Chaouanons towards Carolina, are two hundred men,

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Lake Erie and Dependancies on the South Side.

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The Flatheads, Cherakis, Chicachas, Totiris, are included under the name of Flatheads by the Iroquois, who estimate them at over six thousand men, in more than thirty villages,

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They have told me they had for device a vessel, (un Vaisseau.)
The Ontationoué, that is those who speak the language of men; so called by the Iroquois
because they understand each other-may be fifty men. I am ignorant of them.
The Miamis have for device the Hind and the Crane. These are the two principal tribes.
There is likewise that of the Bear. They are two hundred men, bearing arms.
The Ouyattanons, Peanguichias, Petikokias, are the same Nation, though in different villages.
They can place under arms three hundred and fifty men.

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The devices of these savages are the Serpent, the Deer, and the Small Acorn.
The Illinois, Metchigamias at Fort Chartres, number two hundred and fifty men.
The Kaskakias, six leagues below, have a village of one hundred warriors.
The Peorias, at the Rock, are fifty men."

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100

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The Kaokias, or Tamarois, can furnish two hundred men,

All those savages comprehended under the name of Illinois have, for device, the Crane, the Bear, the White Hind, the Fork, the Tortoise.

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The Missouris.

River of the Missouris.

The Okams or Kamsé, the Sotos, and the Panis.

This only as a note, not knowing any thing of these Nations except the name.

Lake Erie-The Detroit.

The Hurons at present are two hundred men, bearing arms.

They mark the Tortoise, the Bear and the Plover.

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The Pouteouatamis have a village there of one hundred and eighty men.* They bear for device the Golden Carp, the Frog, the Crab, the Tortoise. (See South of Lake Michigan: River St. Joseph.)

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The Outawas there have two villages, composed one of the tribe of Sinagos; the other of
Kiskakous, and may count two hundred warriors.

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They have the same devices as those of Missilimakinac; that is to say, the Bear and Black Squirrel.

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Note in Orig. Instead of 180, only 100 men must be counted.

Lake St. Clair, which leads to Lake Huron.

At the end of the Little Lake St. Clair, there is a small village of Mississagués, which num-
bers sixty men.

They have the same devices as the Mississagués of Manitouatin and of Lake
Ontario; that is to say, a Crane.

Lake Huron.

I have spoken before of the Missisagués who are to the North of this Lake.

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I do not know, on the South side, but the Outawas, who have at Saguinan a village of eighty men, and for device the Bear and Squirrel.

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All the Northern Nations have this in common; that a man who goes to war denotes himself as much by the device of his wife's tribe as by that of his own, and never marries a woman who carries a similar device to his.

If time permitted, you would, Sir, have been better satisfied with my researches.

I would have written to the Interpreters of the Posts, who would have furnished me with more certain information than that I could obtain from the Voyageurs whom I questioned. I am engaged at the history of the Scioux, which you have asked from Monsieur de Linerot.

Missilimakinak.

PRESENT STATE OF THE NORTHERN INDIANS

IN THE DEPART OF SIR WILLIAM JOHNSON BART., COMPREHENDED UNDER THE SIX NATIONS AND OTTAWA CONFEDERACIES, ETC 9 CONTAINING THE NAMES, NUMBERS AND SCITUATION OF EACH NATION, WITH REMARKS. NOV. 18, 1763.

[ Lond. Doc. XXXVI. ]

SIX NATION CONFEDERACY COMPREHENDING THAT OF CANADA, OHIO, &c.

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Caghnawagas,

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80 Emigrants from the Six Nations chiefly On- These are at peace with the English.
ondages settled at La Galette on the river
St. Lawrence.

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A people removed from the Southward. These people are immediately under the diand settled on and about the Susque- rection of the Six Nations, and at peace hanna on lands allotted by the Six Na- with the English..

tions.

INDIANS OF CANADA IN ALLIANCE WITH THE SIX NATIONS.

300 Emigrants from the Mohocks, settled at Soult All these Nations are in alliance with the Six
St. Louis near Montreal, with emigrants at
Aghquissasne, below la Galette which is the
seat of a Mission.

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Nations, and warmly attached to the British Interest, as are all the other Indians in Canada. Caghnawaga is the seat of a Mission, as is the village of Lac du deux Montagnes.

These Indians are originally from New-England: if they were all collected they would amount to more than is represented. They have likewise a Missionary who is a Jesuit.

(There are several other Nations to the Northward, who avoid any connection with the white people; and as they have no fixed residence, their numbers, though considerable, cannot be ascertained.)

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rest.

Resided above the Detroit, now probably in These are the most numerous of all the Ottaarms with the rest.

Had several different villages in that coun-
try, and the environs of the Lake Hu-

ron.

wa Confederacy and have many villages about Lakes Superior, Huron, Erie, ette. whose numbers cannot at present be ascertained with exactness.

All these nations reside on the west side of These nations are at present in alliance with
La Baye at Lake Michigan and in the
neighborhood of the fort there.

the Ottawa Confederacy, but appear in-
clined to our interest, nor did they take
the Fort at La Baye, the officer abandon-
ing it on the news of the rupture, as he
could make no defence.
TWIGHTWEES.
The Twightwees were originally a very
powerful people, who having been sub-
dued by the Six Nations were permitted
to enjoy their possessions. There are many
tribes and villages of them, but these are
all who are perfectly known.

MIAMIS OR
Near the Fort on the Miamis river.
These nations reside in the neighbourhood of
the Fort at Wawaighta, and about the
Walache river.

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