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At the meeting convened December 26, the report of the committee submitting a constitution and by-laws was adopted, and the following officers elected: J. W. Losey, President; L H. Pammel, Treasurer, and L. W. Brigham, Secretary. I. H. Usher, E. Wilcox and Charles Otillie, Executive Committee.

A meeting of the society was held at La Crescent during March following, also an exhibi- . tion of fruits, etc., and, on June 22, 1881, the Wisconsin State and Northwestern Horticultural Societies opened their annual meetings and fairs in Armory Hall, La Crosse, which continued in session two days and was largely attended.

The society which is represented as being in a highly prosperous condition, held these exhibits annually, and has created an interest in horticulture as gratifying as it is apparent. The present officers are: J. S. Harris, President; L. H. Pammel, Treasurer, and L. H. Brigham, Secretary.

BANDS.

Haller&Hickisch Band-An instrumental music organization of pronounced merit, first came to the front in 1863, when it was composed of eight members under the leadership of Stephen Relig. During his management, the society attained prominence and distinction, but, in 1870, George Austin assumed the leadership, and so continued until 1876. At that date, he was succeeded by F. R. Hickisch, who remained in charge until May 1, 1881, when the present organization was established.

It consists of Phillip Haller, Leader, assisted by F. R. Hickisch, J. Rieser, J. Lischke, A. Gregg, S. Relig, W. Relig, F. Ginter, J. Holleg, H. Heft and Mr. Putnam.

Meetings are held weekly at Germania and Armory Halls, and the property of the society is valued at $500.

Mueller's La Crosse Brass Band.-Is a recent acquisition to the musical talent of the city, having been organized May 3, 1881, with A. G. Mueller as Leader, and thirteen members, as follows: Frank Kreitz, John Christie, W. Yante, Joseph Votruba, H. Riegels, Joseph Yeck, J. Drake, A. Drake, H. Drake, A. A. Mueller, J. Amudson, C. R. Johnson, and F. Christie. Meetings are held semi-weekly at Workingmen's Hall, corner of Third and Kinzie streets for practice, and concerts are given in the City Park weekly on Thursday evenings.

MILITARY.

Governor's Guard.-The Governor's Guard was organized August 1, 1873, with Charles de Villiers as Captain. The following is a muster roll of the company filed April 26, 1881: Captain, Frank J. Toller; First Lieutenant, Frank Weigel; Second Lieutenant, L. Tillmans. Sergeants, J. E. Stadeck, William Kallenbach, Christ Dell, William Luedke, Gus. Harzor. Corporals, Jacob Fritz, George Rief, J. Kircheis, Frank Voves, Andrew Sauer, John Niebuhr, Al. Rau, Anton Kirchemeier, Joseph Haleck, William Ott. Privates, Henry Appel, Joseph Andres, John Anderegg, A. M. Anderson, Charles Baier, Matt. Balzer, C. C. Beck, C. Bruckeh, Herman Dell, Otto Torester, Gust Fregin, T. R. Hickisch, Frank Hickisch, George Hohl, Henry Klish, Emil Kowalke, Alwin Koehler, W. Kotzander, Paul Loreno, Ed. Luedke, H. Muth, William Mueller, Phil Muth, Al. Major, C. E. Miller, George Neukom, F. Petraschek, Jul. Reichelt, James Lokalek, Charles Storch, Peter Meyer, Frank Lemsch, Matt Soxer, William Smith, F. Witall, George Will, Joseph Weigel, Al. Zischke, Neike Heber.

La Crosse Light Guard was organized at La Crosse August 14, 1878. The following is the original muster-roll filed October 7, 1878:

Captain, L. Rossiter; First Lieutenant, M. T. Moore; Second Lieutenant, J. M. Holley. Sergeants, M. J. Pitkin, Arthur Stevens, F. A. Copeland, William Rossiter, H. F. Smiley. Corporals, G. L. Lord, J. A. Eppinger, R. L. Spence, W. F. Ustick, W. B. Webb, Alfred James, A. G. Prentiss, Matt. Weix. Privates, H. A. H. Anderson, F. A. Burton, George Bradish, J. A. Baucus, R. D. Brown, N. C. Bacheller, W. H. Berg, T. H. Cramer, E. Chamberlain, C. E. Chamberlain, G. H. H. Cogswell, W. G. Drake, H. S. Daniels, W. E. Doane, B. E. Edwards, C. B. Friese, E. F. Fasset, G. L. Goulding, R. F. Howard, C. A. Hawley, F.

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K. Hankerson, F. M. Hart, W. R. Hansen, N. S. Hanscome, M. S, Hayes, Abraham James, Joseph James, E. Johnson, Walter Kerrick, Charles Listman, A. J. Lamb, G. W. Lewis, W. S. Lloyd, A. Magnussen, W. T. Milton, E. A. Marsh, L. E. Meason, J. S. Moore, A. E. Olson, C. A. Olberg, Otto Pamperin, F. W. Philbrick, J. E. Parker, P. Peterson, W. D. Rumsey, A. B. Rugg, R. L. Reynolds, Julius Saupe, Jacob Stirneman, Albert Smith, C. J. Stevens, Spencer Shimmins, H. A. Salzer, Mills Tourtelotte, F. J. Toller, A. W. Thornely, D. W. Van Bergh,

R. H. Walker.

The following is the present muster roll filed April 25, 1881: Captain, M. T. Moore; First Lieutenant, J. M. Holley; Second Lieutenant, F. A. Copeland. Sargeants, Alfred Metzger, Charles B. Friese, D. W. Vanbergh, F. H. Hankerson, Charles Crosby. Corporals, Louis A. Meason, Otto Pamperin, N. Batchelor, P. T. Amley, William Torrance, William Berg, Ed. S. Case, Alex Moran. Musicians, F. H. Cramer, William Drake. Musicians, F. H. Cramer, William Drake. Privates, C. E. Alter, Walter Atkinson, George Bradish, H. Blashek, H. Brice, Charles Benton, E. Chamberlain, C. E. Chamberlain. G. H. Cogswell, C. F. Eckel, A. C. Erickson, R. Fahey, John Grams, N. S. Hanscome, M. F. Hayes, F. P. Hixon, F. A. Holbrook, C. G. Hall, William M. Holmes, Fred Heit, Scott B. Halstead, Abe James, Alfred James, Frank Jungen, John Kevin, F. E. Langworthy, W. T. Milton, H. C. Meyers, R. H. Major, Victor E. Metzger, Lewis Nichols, A. G. Prentiss, C. F. Powers, F. I. Phelps, William Rossiter, J. B. Rand, A. R. Rand, C. J. Stevens. Julius Saupe, C. A. Smith, Jacob Stirneman, L. A. Smith, William H. Stogdill, John Salzer, George Shadbolt, B. Shove, C. S. Stockwell, A. W. Thornely, R. H. Walker, Matt Weix, George E. Wilson, Frank S. Walker, Berg Martin, William Doane, F. J. Goodland, C. N. Hawley, William Ludwig, M. P. McMillan, Dan McArthur, Nyhus, R. L. Spence, Charles Shimmins, W. H. Smith, Jr., . Spicer, D. W. Webb.

Since the date of the last muster, M. T. Moore has been promoted to the Third Battallion, Wisconsin National Guard, composed of the La Crosse Light Guards and Governor's Guard of La Crosse, Manston Light Guard of Manston, Sherman Guard of Neilsville, and the Unity Guards of Unity. The vacancy thus created was filled by the election of F. A. Copeland, Captain; William B. Webb to be First Lieutenant, vice John M. Holley resigned, and Milo J. Pitkin, Second Lieutenant, vice F. A. Copeland, promoted.

LAND OFFICE.

In 1834, Wisconsin Territory, then belonging to Michigan, was divided into two land districts for the sale of Government land, by a north-and-south line on the township line next west of Fort Winnebago, now Lewiston, and the Eastern District was called "Green Bay," and the Western the "Wisconsin Land District," Registers and Receivers being appointed in both districts. Other districts were afterward established, as the Milwaukee in 1836; Western in 1849; Stevens' Point, July 30, 1852; La Crosse by the same act; Fond du Lac, of Lake Superior, in 1855, and Chippewa District in 1857. The La Crosse office was brought to this place from Mineral Point in 1853, Col. Theodore Rodolf being the first Receiver, and Judge C. K. Lord first Register. The removal was a benefit to the place, and brought with it settlers who proved very valuable citizens. The site of the town, which was mostly claimed by the State, had been sold at $1.25 per acre to actual settlers previous to the removal of the office. Judge Lord remained in the office till 1856. During his connection with it, 1,000,000 acres were disposed of. The extent of the land district embraced within the disposal of this office, extended from the south side of Township 11, to the north side of Township 31, Range 1 east, to the Mississippi River, thus including the counties of Crawford, Vernon, Monroe, La Crosse, Jackson, Trempealeau, Buffalo, Clark, Chippewa, Pierce, Eau Claire, St. Croix, and most of Richland. In 1856, Lord was succeeded by Charles S. Benton. In 1861, Milton Barlow succeeded Col. Rodolf as Receiver, and Mr. George A. Metzger became Register, which position he held till 1866, giving way in turn to John Ulrich, who was re-appointed in 1879, and still continues. In 1875, Fred Fleischer, publisher of the Faederlandet was appointed Register. He died in 1878, and F. A. Husher, the present Register, succeeded.

LA CROSSE MEDICAL COLLEGE.

The La Crosse Medical College was instituted in the fall of 1864, under a charter granted April 18, to Dugald D. Cameron, P. S. McArthur, J. B. G. Baxter, William L. Kennett, Ewen H. McMillan, William T. Wenzell and Augustus Brummel, as the charter members. The first officers of the college were D. D. Cameron, President; E. H. McMillan, Secretary, and William T. Wenzell, Treasurer, while the Board of Trustees constituted all the charter members. At this time the college was conducted by the following corps of Professors: P. S. McArthur, M. D., Surgery; D. D. Cameron, M. D., Anatomy and Physics; W. L. Kennett, M. D., Materia Medica and Therapeutics; W. T. Wenzell, M. D., Chemistry and Pharmacy; A. Brummel, M. D., Obstetrics and Diseases of Women and Children; E. H. McMillan, Medical Jurisprudence.

The college continued in active operation for two or three years, since which time no regular meetings have been held, but the charter has been kept good by the election of officers yearly, and it is the intention of the officers to again put it in operation at no distant day.

The present officers are as follows: P. S. McArthur, President; E. H. McMillan, Secretary; S. S. Burton, Treasurer; P. S. McArthur, Charles L. Reed, E. H. McMillan, W. S. Burroughs, J. W. Losey, S. S. Burton and J. A. Renggly, Trustees.

The following is the present corps of Professors: P. S. McArthur, M. D., Surgery; C. L. Reed, M. D., Anatomy and Physics; W. L. Kennett, M. D., Materia Medica and Therapeutics; E. H. McMillan, M. D., Chemistry and Pharmacy; J, A. Renggly, M. D., Obstetrics and Diseases of Women and Children; J. W. Losey, Medical Jurisprudence.

THE ARTESIAN WELL.

Located in the grounds of the City Hall or Stoddard Engine Company, at the corner of Main and Fourth streets, is a source of comfort and convenience to men and beasts, not less than to the women and children of La Crosse.

The subject of sinking an artesian well was long mooted by residents of the "Gateway City," but it was not until about 1874, that these debates found expression and an attempt was made at the northeast corner of Twelfth and Main streets. Here the operators sunk a drill five hundred feet and failing to "touch bottom," abandoned the enterprise.

In the summer of 1876, the city authorities contracted with John Dobbin, to open an artesian well on its present site, and he began work at once, prosecuting his labor with such diligence, that before fall he reached water at a depth of 596 feet, and rested.

The present improvements, which consist of a fountain, both drinking and ornamented, together with a supply for animals, were completed the same year at a cost for same and well of $3,643.50. The supply of water is large and unfailing, and it is contemplated to sink other wells in the city for manufacturing purposes.

The following analysis of waters at points contiguous to La Crosse and of that which flows from the artesian well, is herewith submitted:

From the following analysis of water taken from five different points in the vicinity of La Crosse, four of which were below the surface of the Mississippi River at different points and depths, and one taken from the artesian well, which is sunk 500 feet below the surface of the ground. Mr. Bode who made the analysis, decides that the water taken 300 feet east of Barron's Island on a line west from Colman's Mill, five feet below surface water, where water was ten feet deep, contains the least quantity of sulphates and chlorides, no organic matter, and the requisite amount of bicarbonate to make it palatable, and is, therefore, the best for drinking, manufacturing and general purposes. This goes to prove that water taken from midcurrent of the river is much purer and better than if taken from outside the current. It seems somewhat singular that the water from the channel of the river should contain no organic matter, while in water from driven wells in sand, which is generally considered a perfect filter, organic matter was found. The analysis of the artesian water appended will be interesting to all con

cerned, and demonstrates that the medicinal properties of this water are equal if not superior to that of the Waukesha well.

No. 1.-Taken 150 feet west of east shore of Mississippi River, taken fifteen feet below bottom of river. Water in river seven feet deep, due west from Colman's Mill.

No. 2.-Taken on Barron's Island west from Colman's Mill, eighteen feet below water line. No. 3.-Taken 300 feet east from Barron's Island on a line west from Colman's Mill, five feet below surface water, where water was ten feet deep.

No. 4.-Taken from a drive well 300 feet east of east shore of Mississippi River, near Colman's dry house, fifteen feet below water-line, which said line was twenty-three feet below surface. No. 5.-Artesian well water.

J. MANCHESTER, Esq., La Crosse: Inclosed please find the results of the analysis made at your request, of five samples of water. You wish me to express my opinion which one of the five, judged by the results of the analysis, will be best for health, manufacturing and general purposes.

Water, to be healthy and palatable, must contain the bicarbonates of lime and magnesia; it must be free from organic matter (the result of animal or vegetable decomposition), it must further contain but very small quantities of sulphate of lime (gypsum), of sulphate of soda, chloride of sodium, and other sulphates and chlorides. The quantity of the bicarbonate of lime and magnesia contained in a good water may weigh from ten to thirty grains per gallon.

Water containing the bicarbonates in such quantities is hard, but on heating, this hardness disappears, through a decomposition of the bicarbonates, which, losing a part of their carbonic acid, are separated in the form of carbonates, which are not soluble. For use in steam boilers, soft water is best. A water containing the bicarbonates of lime and magnesia in not large quantities, and but little of other salts will be next best. The carbonates precipitated by heat, do not form kethelstone, but are dispersed in the water as a loose, light powder, and are easily cleaned The incrustations in steam boilers are formed by sulphate of lime. Other sulphates, as well as the chlorides, are a further source for the kethelstone. A water then containing but little sulphates and chlorides, no organic matter, and bicarbonates enough to make it palatable, will be the best for drinking, manufacturing and general purposes. The results of the analysis prove that No. 3 fulfills these conditions, No. 1 comes next, and then No. 5, Nos. 2 and 4 containing organic matter, and No. 4, besides too many salts, ought to be rejected.

out.

Respectfully yours,

GUSTAVUS BODE, Analytical Chemist.

Below is the results of the analysis of the five samples of water as made by Gustavus Bode, the analytical chemist of Milwaukee.

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About the 1st of December, 1880, Dr. Isaac Atwood established a Turkish bath-house on Front street, second door north of the International Hotel, investing in the enterprise about $1,000. The Russian, Turkish, vapor, sulphur, electric, medicated, magnetic and sea salt baths are given, together with the Roman bath, which is given in oil. During his stay here, Dr. Atwood has treated, on an average, 300 patients per month, in which he has been eminently successful.

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