Global Price FixingSpringer Science & Business Media, 24 Mei 2007 - 505 halaman I have devoted myself to studying the economic organization of industries for thirty years. It has been my good fortune to work at places that tol- ated my gadfly approach to research. So long as I produced a few publi- tions each year and wooed a few graduate students to share those interests, I was free to sample a smorgasbord of economic delights: why firms div- sify, the competitive role of advertising, strategies for selling in overseas markets, measuring market power, and many others. Although firmly - chored in the eclectic analytical framework of industrial economics and focused on the food system, I traversed a wide field at will. A decade ago I had pretty much convinced myself that naked price fixing was not a high priority for scholarship. True, collusion was rife in a few industries, such as bid-rigging among suppliers of fluid milk to school districts in isolated rural districts. Ripping off milk money from school children is reprehensible enough, but the size of the economic losses from localized price fixing paled besides other sources of imperfect competition. Moreover, there were no great policy debates about the wisdom or me- ods of enforcing the price-fixing prohibitions in the Nation’s antitrust laws. |
Isi
| 1 | |
| 16 | |
Anticartel Laws and Enforcement | 54 |
Reference | 55 |
32 | 67 |
The Citric Acid Industry | 113 |
The Citric Acid Conspiracy | 137 |
Economic Impacts of the Citric Acid Cartel | 154 |
Cartels without | 306 |
Meeting Challenges to Collusion | 314 |
Effects of the Vitamins Cartels | 323 |
U S Government Prosecutions | 340 |
Antitrust Prosecutions Outside the United States | 377 |
Other Jurisdictions | 389 |
The Federal Citric Acid | 399 |
Indirect Purchasers Cases | 408 |
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Istilah dan frasa umum
ADM’s agreement Ajinomoto Andreas antitrust authorities antitrust laws Asian average BASF began behavior biotin bulk vitamins Canada capacity Cargill cartel members Cheil chemical Chinese choline chloride citric acid citric acid cartel civil collusion companies company’s competition Connor conspiracy conspirators cooperation corporate costs courts criminal damages defendants Degussa demand direct buyers Dwayne Andreas early economic effects enforcement Europe European exports feed fines firms folic acid global cartels guilty pleas Hoffmann-La Roche industry international cartels investigation Japanese largest late list prices lysine cartel managers manufacturers Mark Whitacre market shares meeting million pounds monopoly North America overcharge Pfizer plaintiffs plant premixes price fixing production profits prosecution prosecutors purchases raising prices Rhône-Poulenc Roche and BASF Roche’s sanctions sellers settlements Sewon suits Takeda tion trade transaction prices U.S. dollars U.S. market U.S. prices United vitamin B1 vitamin E vitamins cartels volume Whitacre Wilson
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