13. 22.

© See ch. 4. 29.

36. 21. See Lev. 25.2-7.

48 But they of the king's army went up to Jerusalem to meet them, and the king encamped toward Judæa, and tob Cp.2 Macc. ward mount Sion. 49 And he made peace with them of Bethsura; and he came out of the city, because they had no food there to endure the siege, a Cp. 2 Chr. because it was da sabbath to the land. 50 And the king took Bethsura, and appointed a garrison there to keep it. 51 And he encamped against the sancSee ver. 20. tuary many days; and set there mounds to shoot from, and engines of war, and instruments for casting fire and stones, and pieces to cast darts, and slings. 52 And they also made engines against their engines, and fought for many days. 53 But there were no victuals in the sancfCp. ver. 49. tuary, because it was the seventh year, and they that fled for safety into Judæa from among the Gentiles had eaten up the residue of the store; 54 and there were but a few left in the sanctuary, because the famine prevailed against them, and they were scattered, each man to his own place.

55 And Lysias heard say, that h Philip, whom Antiochus the king, whiles he was yet alive, appointed to nourish up his son Antiochus, that he might be king, 56 was returned from Persia and Media, and with him the forces that went with the king, and that he was seeking to take unto him the government. 57 And he made haste, and gave consent to depart; and he said to the king and the leaders of the host and to the men, We decay daily, and our food is scant, and the place where we encamp is strong, and the affairs of the kingdom lie upon us: 58 now therefore let us give the right hand to these men, and make peace with them and with all their nation, 59 and covenant with them, that they shall walk after their own laws, as aforetime: for because of their laws which we abolished they were angered, and did all these things. 60k And the saying pleased the king and the princes, and he sent unto them to make peace; and they accepted thereof. 61 And the king and the princes sware unto them: thereupon they came forth from the stronghold. 62 And the king entered into mount Sion; and he saw the strength of the place, and set at nought the oath which he had sworn, and gave commandment to pull down the wall round about. 63 And he removed in haste, and m returned unto n Antioch, and found Philip master of the city; and he fought against him, and took the city by force.

10In the hundred and one and

14. 2.

11.

t ch. 9. 1, 54, 56, 57. 2 Macc. 14. 3, 13, 26.

the house of the kingdom of his fathers, that the army laid hands on Antiochus "Cp.2 Macc. and Lysias, to bring them unto him. 3 And the thing was known to him, and he said, Shew me not their faces. 4 And the army slew them. And Demetrius sat upon the throne of his kingdom. 5 And there came unto him all the law- See ch. 1. less and ungodly men of Israel; and Alcimus was their leader, desiring to be high priest; and they accused the people to the king, saying, Judas and his brethren have destroyed all thy friends, and have scattered us from our own land. 7 Now therefore send a man whom thou trustest, and let him go and see all the havock which he hath made of us, and of the king's country, and how he hath punished them and all that helped them. 8 And the king chose "Bacchides, one of the king's "Friends, who was ruler in the country beyond w the river, and was a great man in the kingdom, and faithful to the king. 9 And See ch. 2. he sent him, and that ungodly t Alcimus, x and made sure to him the high priesthood, and he commanded him to take Cp. ver. 5, vengeance upon the children of Israel.

u ch. 9. 1, 25, 43, 57, 68. 2 Macc. 8. 30.

18. w Ex. 23. 31 (& mg.).

9, 21.

10 And they removed, and came with a great host into the land of Judah, and he sent messengers to Judas and his brethren with words of peace deceitfully. 11 And they gave no heed to their words; for they saw that they were come with a great host. 12 And there were gathered together unto Alcimus and Bacchides a company of scribes, to seek for justice. 13 And the 2y Hasidæans were the first ch. 2. 42 among the children of Israel that sought peace of them; 14 for they said, One

that is a priest of the seed of Aaron is come with the forces, and he will do us no wrong. 15 And he spake with them words of peace, and sware unto them, saying, We will seek the hurt neither of you nor your friends. 16 And they gave him credence: and he laid hands on threescore men of them, and slew them in one day, according to the word which the psalmist wrote,

17

(& mg. for mg.).

2 Macc. 14.

6

(& mg. for mg.).

Cp. 2 Macc.

14. 7.

a The flesh of thy saints did they "Cited from
cast out,

And their blood did they shed round
about Jerusalem;

And there was no man to bury
them.

18 And the fear and the dread of them fell upon all the people, for they said, There is neither truth nor judgement in them; for they have broken the covenant and the oath which they sware. 19 And Bacchides removed from Jerusalem, and encamped in Bezeth; and

Seleucus came forth from Rome, and went up with a few men unto a city by the sea, and reigned there. 2 And it came to pass, when he would go into

1 circa B.C. 162.

Ps. 79. 2, 3.

Cp. Gen. 9.

2.

See Deut. 2. 25.

d Cp. ver. 5, 9.

e 2 Macc. 14. 12.

ƒ See ch. 3. 38.

Cp.2 Macc. 14. 19.

him a force to aid him; and Bacchides went away unto the king.

21 And Alcimus strove d for his high priesthood. 22 And there were gathered unto him all they that troubled their people, and they got the mastery of the land of Judah, and did great hurt in Israel. 23 And Judas saw all the mischief that Alcimus and his company had done among the children of Israel, even above the Gentiles, 24 and he went out into all the coasts of Judæa round about, and took vengeance on the men that had deserted from him, and they were restrained from going forth into the country. 25 But when Alcimus saw that Judas and his company waxed strong, and knew that he was not able to withstand them, he returned to the king, and brought evil accusations against them.

26 e And the king sent Nicanor, one of his honourable princes, a man that hated Israel and was their enemy, and commanded him to destroy the people. 27 And Nicanor came to Jerusalem with a great host; and 9 he sent unto Judas and his brethren deceitfully with words of peace, saying, 28 Let there be no battle between me and you; I will come with a few men, that I may see your faces in peace. 29 And he came to Judas, and they saluted one another peaceably. hCp.2 Macc. And the enemies were ready to take away Judas by violence. 30 And the thing was known to Judas, to wit, that he came unto him with deceit, and he was sore afraid of him, and would see his face no more. 31 And Nicanor knew that his counsel was discovered; and he went out to meet Judas in battle beside Capharsalama; 32 and there fell of Nicanor's side about 1five hundred men, and they fled into the city of David.

14. 22.

i ch. 1. 33.

14. 31.

k Cp. Ezra 6. 10 & Baruch 1. 11.

member their blasphemies, and suffer them not to live any longer.

Cp. 2 Macc. 3.16.

15. 1.

Cp.2 Mace.

15. 22.

See 2 Kin.

19. 35
& Isai. 37.

36.

t Ezra 6. 15. Esth. 3. 7.

39° And Nicanor went forth from Jerusalem, and encamped in ? Bethhoron, and there met him the host of Syria. 40 And Judas encamped in Adasa with three thousand men: and 9 Judas prayed and said, 41 When they that came from the king blasphemed, "thine angel went out, and smote among them a hundred and fourscore and five thousand. 42 Even so discomfit thou this army before us to-day, and let all the rest know that she hath spoken wickedly against thy Cp. ver. 35. sanctuary, and judge thou him according to his wickedness. 43 And on the thirteenth day of the month tAdar the armies joined battle: and Nicanor's army was discomfited, and he himself "Cp.2 Macc. was the first to fall in the battle. 44 Now when his army saw that Nicanor was fallen, they cast away their arms, and fled. 45 And they pursued after them a day's journey from Adasa until thou comest to Gazara, and they sounded "See ch. 4. an alarm after them with the 4 solemn trumpets. 46 And they came forth out of all the villages of Judæa round about, and 5 closed them in; and these turned them back on those, and they all fell by the sword, and there was not one of them left. 47 And they took the spoils, and the booty, wand they smote off Nicanor's head, and his right hand,

which he stretched out so haughtily, and brought them, and 6hanged them up beside Jerusalem. 48 And the people was exceeding glad, and they kept that day as a day of great gladness. 49 And

they ordained to keep this day year by year, to wit, the thirteenth day of Adar. 50 And the land of Judah ahad rest 7a little while.

1 And Judas heard of the fame of

15. 28.

15.

w 2 Macc. 15. 30.

2 Macc. 14.

33

& 15. 32.

2 Macc. 15.

35. 2Cp. 2 Macc. 15. 36. a Cp. ch. 9. 57

& 14. 4.

8 b the 2 Macc. 11.

33 And after these things Nicanor went Cp.2 Macc. up to mount Sion: and there came some of the priests out of the sanctuary, and some of the elders of the people, to salute him peaceably, and to shew him the whole burnt sacrifice that was being offered for the king. 34 And he mocked them, and laughed at them, and 2entreated them shamefully, and spake haughtily, 35 and sware in a rage, saying, Unless Judas and his army be now delivered into my hands, it shall be that, if I come again in peace, I will burn up this house: and he went out in a great rage. 36 And the priests entered in, and stood before the altar and the temple; and they wept, and said, 37 Thou didst m choose this house to be called by thy name, to be na house of prayer and supplication for thy people: 38 take vengeance on this man and his army, and let them fall by the sword: re

34.

Cp. ch. 7. 1.

20.

men, and have pleasure in all that join themselves unto them, and make amity with all such as come unto them, and that they are valiant men. And they told him of their wars and exploits which they do among the Gauls, and 2 Macc. 8. how that they conquered them, and brought them under tribute; 3 and what things they did in the land of Spain, that they might become masters of the mines of silver and gold which were there; 4 and how that by their policy and persistence they conquered all the place (and the place was exceeding far from them), and the kings that came against them from the uttermost part of the earth, until they had discomfited them, and smitten them very sore; and how the rest give them tribute year by year: 5 and Philip, and Perseus, king of d Chit- & ch. 1. 1. tim, and them that lifted up themselves against them, did they discomfit in

exceedingly: and many slipped away out of the army; there were not left of them more than eight hundred men. 7 And Judas saw that his army slipped away, and that the battle pressed upon him, and he was sore troubled in heart, for that he had no time to gather them together, and he waxed faint. 8 And he said to them that were left, Let us arise and go up against our adversaries, if peradventure we may be able to fight with them. 9 And they would have dissuaded him, saying, We shall in no wise be able: but let us rather save our lives now: let us return again, we and our brethren, and fight against them: but we are few. 10 And Judas said, Let it not be so that I should do this thing, uto flee from them: and if our time is come, let us die manfully for our brethren's sake, and not leave a cause of reproach against our glory. And the host removed from the camp, and stood to encounter them, and the horse was parted into two companies, and the slingers and the archers went before the host, and all the mighty men that fought in the front of the battle. 12 But Bacchides was in the right wing; and the phalanx drew near on the two parts, and they blew with their trumpets. 13 And the men of Judas' side, even they sounded with their trumpets, and the earth shook with the shout of the armies, and the battle was joined, and continued from morning until evening. 14 And Judas saw that Bacchides and the strength of his army were on the right side, and there went with him all that were brave in heart, 15 and the right wing was discomfited by them, and he pursued after them unto the mount Azotus. 16 And they that were on the left wing saw that the right wing was discomfited, and they turned and followed upon the footsteps of Judas and of those that were with him: 17 and the battle waxed sore, and many on both parts fell wounded to death. 18 And Judas fell, and the rest fled. 19 And w Jonathan and Simon took Judas their brother, and buried him in the sepulchre of his fathers at Modin. 20 And they bewailed him, and all Israel made great lamentation for him, and mourned many days, and said, 21 How is the mighty fallen, the saviour of Israel! 22a And the rest of the acts of Judas, and his wars, and the valiant deeds which he did, and his greatness, they are not written; for they were exceeding many. 23 And it came to pass after the death of Judas, that the lawless put forth their heads in all the coasts of Israel, and all they that wrought iniquity rose up 24 (in those days was there an exceeding great famine), and the country went over with them. 25 And Bacchides chose out the ungodly men, and made them lords of the country. 26 And they sought

46.

out and searched for the friends of Judas, and brought them unto Bacchides, and he took vengeance on them, and used them despitefully. 27 And there was great tribulation in Israel, such as was not csince the time that no prophetCp. ch. 4. appeared unto them. 28 And all the friends of Judas were gathered together, d Cp. ch.3. 2. and they said unto Jonathan, 29 Since thy brother Judas hath died, we have no man like him to go forth against our enemies and Bacchides, and among them of our nation that hate us. 30 Now therefore we have chosen thee this day to be our prince and leader in his stead, that thou mayest fight our battles. 31 And Jonathan took the governance upon him at that time, and rose up in the stead of his brother Cp. ch. 3. 1. Judas.

* Cp. ch. 1.

11.

20. i See 2 Sam. 14. 2.

32 And Bacchides knew it, and he sought to slay him. 33 And 9 Jonathan, See ver. 19. and Simon his brother, and all that were with him, knew it; and they fled into the wilderness of Tekoah, and 2 Chr. 20. encamped by the water of the pool Asphar. 34 And Bacchides knew it jon the sabbath day, and came, he and all ver. 43. his army, over Jordan. 35 And Jonathan sent his brother, a leader of the multitude, and besought his friends the ch. 5. 25. Nabathæans, that they might leave with them their baggage, which was much. 36 And the children of Jambri came out of 'Medaba, and took John, and all that See 1 Chr. he had, and went their way with it.

19. 7.

m Judith 5.

3.

37 But after these things they brought word to Jonathan and Simon his brother, that the children of Jambri were making a great marriage, and were bringing the bride from Nadabath with a great train, a daughter of one of the great nobles of mCanaan. 38 And they remembered John their brother, and went up, and hid themselves under the covert of the mountain: 39 and they lifted up their eyes, and saw, and, behold, a great ado and much baggage: and the bridegroom came forth, and his friends and his brethren, to meet them with timbrels, and minstrels, and many weapons. 40 And they rose up against them "from their Cp. ch. 11. ambush, and slew them, and many fell wounded to death, and the remnant fled into the mountain, and they took all their spoils. 41 And the marriage was turned into mourning, and the voice of their minstrels into lamentation. 42 And they avenged fully the blood of their brother, and turned back to the marsh of Jordan.

68, 69.

• See Josh. 3. 15.

43 And Bacchides heard it, and he came Pon the sabbath day unto the P ver. 34. banks of Jordan with a great host. 44 And Jonathan said to his company,

Let us stand up now and fight for our lives, for it is not with us to-day, as yesterday and the day before. 45 For, behold, the battle is before us and behind us; moreover the water of the Jordan

4 Cp. ch. 2.

41.

* Cp. ch. 3.

18.

is on this side and on that side, and omarsh and wood; and there is no place to turn aside. 46 Now therefore cry unto rheaven, that ye may be delivered out of the hand of your enemies. 47 And the battle was joined, and Jonathan stretched forth his hand to smite Bacchides, and he turned away back from him. 48 And Jonathan and they that were with him leapt into the Jordan, and swam over to the other side: and they did not pass over Jordan against them. 49 And there fell of Bacchides' company that day about a thousand men; 50 and he returned to Jerusalem. And they builded strong cities in Judæa, the stronghold that was in Jericho, and Emmaus, and u Bethhoron, and Bethel, and wTimnath, Pharathon, and Tephon, with high "Gen. 28. 19. walls and gates and bars. 51 And in them he set a garrison, to vex Israel. 52 And he fortified the city a Bethsura, and Gazara, and the citadel, and put forces in them, and store of victuals. 53 And he took the sons of the chief men of the country for hostages, dand put them in ward in the citadel at Jerusalem.

8 ch. 16. 14. t See ch. 3. 40.

" ch. 3. 16.

w Josh. 19. 50. * Cp. 2 Sam. 23. 30.

y Cp. Josh. 15. 34 (?).

* Cp. ch. 12. 38.

a See ch. 4. 29.

b See ch. 4. 15.

* See ch. 1. 33.

6.

e See ch. 7.

5.

Cp. Ezek. 42. 20.

54 And in the hundred and fifty and third year, in the second month, e AlCp. ch. 10. cimus commanded to pull down the wall of the inner court of the sanctuary; he pulled down also the works of the prophets; 55 and he began to pull down. At that time was Alcimus stricken, and his works were hindered; and his mouth was stopped, and he was taken with a palsy, and he could no more speak anything and give order concerning his house. 56 And Alcimus died at that time with great torment. 57 And Bacchides saw that Alcimus

9 Cp. Ezra 5. 2.

h See ch. 7. 8.

i C'p. ch. 7.

50

& 14. 4.

j ch. 7. 5.

made it strong. 63 And Bacchides knew it, and he gathered together all his multitude, and sent word to them that were of Judæa. 64 And he went and encamped against Bethbasi, and fought against it many days, and made engines of war. 65 And Jonathan left his brother Simon in the city, and went forth into the country, and he went with a few men. 66 And he smote Odomera and his brethren, and the children of Phasiron in their tent. 67 And they began to smite them, and to go up with their forces. And Simon and they that were with him went out of the city, and set on fire the engines of war, 68 and fought against Bacchides, and he was discomfited by them, and they afflicted him sore; for his counsel was in vain, and his inroad. 69 And they were very wroth with the lawless men that gave Cp. ver. 58. him counsel to come into the country, and they slew many of them. And he took counsel to depart into his own land. 70 And Jonathan had knowledge thereof, and sent ambassadors unto him, 'to the end that they should make Cp. ch. 10. peace with him, and that he should restore unto them the captives. 71 And he accepted the thing, and did according to his words, and sware unto him that he would not seek his hurt all the days of his life. 72 m And he restored unto him the captives which he had taken aforetime out of the land of Judah, and he returned and departed into his own land, and came not any more into their borders. 73 And the sword ceased from Israel. And Jonathan dwelt at " Mich-"1 Sam. 13. mash; and Jonathan began to judge the people; and he destroyed the ungodly out of Israel.

And in 2the hundred and six

and the land of Judah had rest two years.

58 And all the lawless men took counsel, saying, Behold, Jonathan and they of his part are dwelling at ease, and in security: now therefore we will bring Bacchides, and he shall lay hands on them all in one night. 59 And they went and consulted with him. 60 And he removed, and came with a great host, and sent letters privily to all his confederates that were in Judæa, that they should lay hands on Jonathan and those that were with him: and they could not, because their counsel was known unto them. 61 And they that were of Jonathan's part laid hands on about fifty of the men of the country, that were authors of the wickedness, and he slew them. 62 And Jonathan, and Simon, and they that were with him, gat them away to Bethbasi, which is in the wilderness, and he built up that which had been pulled down thereof, and they

1 circa B.C. 160.

4.

m Cp. ch. 10.

33.

2.

° See ch. 5. 15.

the son of Antiochus, went up and took possession of Ptolemais: and they received him, and he reigned there. 2 And Pking Demetrius heard thereof, See ch. 7. 1. and he gathered together exceeding great forces, and went forth to meet him in battle.

70.

3 And Demetrius sent letters unto Jonathan with words of peace, so as to magnify him. 4 For he said, Let us be beforehand to make peace with them, Cp. ch. 9. rere he make peace with Alexander r Cp. ver. 23. against us: 5 for he will remember & all $ Cp. ver. 46. the evils that we have done against him, See ch. 7 & ch. 9. and unto his brethren and unto his nation. 6And he gave him authority to gather together forces, and to provide arms, and that he should be his confederate: and he commanded that they should deliver up to him the hostages Cp. ch. 9. that were in the citadel.

7 And Jonathan came to Jerusalem, and read the letters in the audience of all the people, and of them that were