October 7, 1871, Conrad Beck started a German paper entitled the Staats Anzeiger, which February 14, 1874, was sold to Col. Joseph Eiboeck, a genial and talented gentleman, who is now its editor.

In 1870 H. M. Bishard started Plain Talk, a small weekly paper on the East Side, devoted to local news of that locality. The paper is still continued.

In January, 1872, T. G. Orwig established the Industrial Motor, a small weekly issue, devoted especially to mechanics', new inventions and patent rights.

In July, 1872, H. S. Hyatt removed to Des Moines the Iowa Progress, devoted to the resources and industries of the State, which at the end of one year was removed to St. Louis.

In May, 1875, to combat the prohibition element then prevailing in politics, the Herald of Liberty was started by Col. Eiboeck, which after a few months was suspended and January 21, 1880, was followed by the State Independent, as the organ of individual liberty in thought and action.

July 16, 1874, the Patron's Helper made its appearance as the organ of the Patrons of Husbandry, or Grangers, so facetiously called, N. W. Garretson, publisher. In November of that year it was sold to George W. Jones, and was discontinued in 1877.

September 18, 1879, appeared the first number of the Mail Car, a sprightly weekly paper, devoted to society news, light gossip and miscellany, with H. R. Persinger, publisher.

February 14, 1880, Perry Perkins established the Prohibitionist as the advocate of doctrines indicated in its title, and to avert the keen lance thrusts of Col. Eiboeck's Independent.

This completes the history of such newspapers as have had sufficient existence to give them a name and place in history. Perhaps the quaint and humorous Tac Hussey will consider this a condign consignment of his spicy New Broom, which swept cobwebs from the dull and prosy brain for nearly two years from November 25, 1869.

In May, 1875, J. P. Bushnell started the Commercial and Railway Gazette, devoted to the resources and industries of Iowa and Northwest, as the official organ of the State Immigration Board. August 19th, of the present year, it was merged in the Iowa Homestead and Farm Journal, and made a special department of that paper, with Mr. Bushnell as editor.

The record of newspapers has been made up by reference to old settlers and resident parties who were connected with the press in those days, so that the dates are largely dependent upon memory.

The compilation of the record of the Star and its successors has been difficult, as no files are extant except the State Journal, published by Will Porter. There being few book binderies in the State, the papers were not preserved. Judge Bates consigned the files of the Star, Argus and Statesman to a barrel, which when search was made for them years afterward were found the nest of mice and utterly destroyed. The Gazette and State Journal were carefully preserved and bound, thus becoming of almost incalculable value. The importance of prepreserving files of newspapers Was illustrated in 1862, when the Ninth General Assembly changed the law respecting the right to dower. The law was enacted to take effect on and after its publication in two newspapers, one of which was the Des Moines Times. By

some oversight the certificate of publication of the law was not made to the Secretary of State, and the law did not therefore go into effect until July. Subsequently actions were begun to recover dower, under the law, vesting between the time of the publication and July. In many cases the amounts involved were large and the time was highly important. It was therefore, necessary to prove the publication in the Times, but not a copy could be found, although five hundred dollars was offered for one containing that law, so completely had the paper become annihilated. The loss was a serious one throughout the State.

The historian of these pages does not pretend here to record the frequent uprising of newspaper ventures which so soon were done for; the wonder is what they were begun for. Their names are legion-probably no city in the West can show a larger record.

Three monthly periodicals have been published here:

The Iowa School Journal was started in 1859, as the organ of the State department of Public Instruction by Mills Bros. In 1872 it was sold to C. M. Greene, who in 1875 sold it to W. E. Crosby, who removed it to Davenport.

In 1866, Mills & Co. started the Western Jurist, a law magazine with W. G. Hammond, now law chancellor of the State University, as editor, which has become one of the best and leading law journals in the country. In 1874 Dr. J. E. Hendricks started the Analyst, devoted exclusively to mathematics, and which has become a popular and standard publication among the leading mathematicians of the world.

In 1866-7 the first city directory was published by Mills & Co., and was compiled by L. F. Andrews, the veteran journalist of the city. This was followed by another in 1869, since when it has been regularly published by J. P. Bushnell.

CIVIC SOCIETIES.

Independent Order of Odd Fellows-Fort Des Moines Lodge, No. 25, instituted April 26, 1850, with Madison Young, C. C. Van, Marshal Townsley, B. F. Allen, I. J. Cole, and Granville Holland, as charter members. Their first lodge room was over Holland's store, the lodge having furnished a portion of the means to erect the building on Second street near Market.

Capital Lodge, No. 106, was instituted June 5, 1857, with H. H. Griffith, Will. Tomlinson, M. L. Devin, P. Van Horn, John P. Haskins, and W. Rhemsburg, as charter members. Its hall is at the corner of East Sixth and Sycamore. This lodge has a library connected with it.

Jonathan Lodge, No. 137 (German), was instituted in 1865. Its first meetings were held in Cooper's Block, on Court Avenue.

Rebecca Degree Lodge was chartered in 1871, with W. W. and Mary R. Moore, S. H. and Mary Haskell, W. F. and Mary M. Thomason, Lamoine and Gertrude C. Mott, George and Pauline E. Sneer, George C. and Mary J. Jeffries, D. V. and Henrietta N. Cole, as charter members.

Ebenezer Encampment, was instituted March 15, 1853, with W. W. Moore, P. M. Casady, C. C. Van, Peter Myers, R. L. Tidrick, D. V. Cole, and Alex. Bowers, as charter members.

Free and Accepted Masons-Pioneer Lodge, No. 22, was instituted January 16, 1850, with J. E. Jewett, Benjamin Coffeen, W. T. Marion, John W. Rush, T. G. Burbridge, J. J. Davis, and J. S. Dicks, as charter members.

The first person admitted to membership was Madison Young, February 22, 1850.

Capital Lodge (East Side) was instituted June 15, 1857, with J. M. Griffiths, J. A. Williamson, J. W. Stanton, H. H. Griffiths, Stewart Goodrell, and T. K. Brooks, as charter members.

Corinthian Chapter, R. A. M., No. 14, was instituted June 14, 1856, with Scovill White, J. E. Jewett, John Youngerman, C. P. Luse, A. Y. Hall, J. M. Griffiths, A. Morris, W. T. Smith, and J. H. Given, as charter members.

Capital Council, of R. and S. M., No. 9, was instituted June 17, 1867, with Lewis Kinsey, Absolom Morris, H. H. Griffiths, J. M. Griffiths, S. M. Good, J. H. Dykeman, J. B. Miller, J. E. Fleischman, R. W. Sypher, Charles Linderman, and Hiram Robinson, as charter members.

Emanuel Consistory, A...A..A.. No. 2, was organized in 1867, with Joseph M. Griffiths, Henry H. Griffiths, Wesley Redhead, S. M. Good, Isaac N. Thomas, John A. Elliott, Charles Linderman, J. B. Tiffin, Charles A. Mosier, Thomas A. Boyd, and Thomas W. Calberts, as charter members.

Des Moines Commandery, K. T., No. 4, was organized in 1857, with John Scott, Solomon McCain, A. Morris, E. F. Hooker, J. Y. Hopkins, and Thomas Thompson, as charter members. In 1866 its title was changed to Temple Commandery.

Home Lodge, No. 370, was instituted under a dispensation January 12, 1876, and chartered June 11, 1876, with Wm. Brunton, C. S. Binkley, L. E. Ayers, D. E. Perkins, J. R. Crawshaw, H. Cunningham, James Allen, S. Steward, Wm. Langley, J. Steward, and D. W. Johnson, as charter members.

Eastern Star Degree Lodge, of Home Lodge, was chartered December 12, 1871. Its membership is composed of the wives and daughters of A. F. and A. M.

North Star Lodge, F. A. & Y. M. (colored), was organized in 1872, and re-organized in 1875. Its first officers were J. S. Carter, S. B. Smith, E. Morton, J. Long, and A. W. Berney.

Knights of Pythias Myrtle Lodge, No. 9, was founded February 22, 1871, with M. T. V. Bowman, W. W. Moore, S. M. Good, L. Voight, C. T. Hewitt, W. A. Abbott, G. B. Wicks, Chris. Bathman, Charles Weitz, Conrad Youngerman, L. M. G. Barnett, Louis Harbach, W. L. White, George Vincent, and George A. McVicker, as charter members. It was re-organized in March, 1875.

Capital City Lodge, No. 29, was organized March 22, 1876, with W. P. Bentley, James C. Savery, J. S. Clarkson, George H. Bugbee, C. S. Wilson, S. M. Elliott, W. S. Grimes, J. L. Keyes, Galusha Parsons, H. L. Skinner, J. S. Runnells, and Wm. Foster, as charter members.

Ancient Order of United Workmen-Des Moines Lodge, No 18, was organized March 15, 1875. The objects of this order are to promote the interests and welfare of its members, to render assistance and protection in times of sickness, and insurance in case of death.

Capital Lodge, No. 14, was organized February 8, 1875, on the East Side, with the following charter members: Samuel M. Good, John O. Skinner, George F. Walker, John A. Bryan, Charles H. Ward, William Hadgley, Wm. H. Shaw, Samuel Green, Josiah F. Kennedy, Clarence B. Jones, Graves B. Hammer, Isaac Brandt, George Garver, Samuel M. Elliott,

Homer C. Paige, Wm. H. Fleming. This lodge has a library connected with it.

Temperance Organizations-Through the personal effort of Judge M. D. McHenry a division of the Sons of Temperance was organized in 1856, and it was given the title of Golden Rule, No. 81, being the same as that of which he was a member in Kentucky. This order has been nearly supplanted by the Independent Order of Good Templars.

January 29, 1877, Des Moines Lodge, I. O. of G. T., was organized on the East Side by Hon. George W. McCrary, now Judge of the U. S. Circuit Court, with Samuel A. Ayres, John Davis, Jas. C. Cooper, Wm. Osborne, John B. Hardin, E. A. Snyder, E. E. Kimball, N. B. Cooley, Freeman Tisdale, J. H. Armstrong, Win. Riddle, Martha A. Cooley, Ann Tisdale, Rowena Foster, as charter members.

Eureka Degree Temple, No. 4, I. O. of G. T., was organized October 18, 1858, with Isaac Brandt, Geo. O. Chambers, T. W. Gill, John H. Looby, Wm. Rhemsburg, M. E. Rhemsburg, Sarah A. Rhemsburg, Isabella, Francis and Jennie Owens, as charter members.

Union Lodge, 1. O. of G. T., No. 263, was organized on the West Side, May 7, 1863, with A. W. Rollins, D. D. Skinner, Ed. B. Stillman, George D. Ingersoll, Thos. E. Keeney, George A. Sells, George A. McVicker, W. H. M. Smith, W. A. Saylor, C. W. Rhoades, Frank Mix, Ed. C. Russell, Mrs. C. E. Lanstrum, Mrs. Mary Smith, Mrs. Sue Rogg, Mrs. M. A. Peters, Mrs. R. Leyner, and Mrs. Kate L. Turk, as charter members.

The Des Moines Reform Club, West Side, Capital City Reform Club, East Side, and Prohibition Club, West Side, were organized in 1878-79. The Woman's Christian Temperance Union was incorporated under State law in 1880, although it had a prior organization for one or two years.

Legion of Honor.-El Dorado Lodge, No. 25, was organized on the West Side July 1, 1879. Its objects are a system of co-operative mutual insurance in case of sickness or death. Charter officers: Worthy President, P. H. Bristow; Worthy Vice-President, Geo. H. Gardner; Chaplain, F. J. Cressey; Recording Secretary, W. A. Agard; Financial Secretary, T. L. Johnson; Treasurer, Augustus Smith; Usher, C. H. Turner; Doorkeeper, J. M. Laird; Sentinel, C. D. Shreves; Trustees, G. M. Walker, H. R. Heath, John O. Mahana. This lodge started with seventy-one charter members.

Excelsior Lodge, No. 24, was organized on the East Side, July 1, 1879, with the following charter officers: Worthy President, W. A. Haskell; Worthy Vice-President, W. L. Reed; Recording Secretary, T. H. Smith; Financial Secretary, A. C. Stephenson; Treasurer, L. E. Ayers; Chaplain, J. A. Boyer; Usher, ; Sentinel, Oscar Clark; Doorkeeper,

R. W. Russell; Trustees, Leander Bolton, R. W. Russell.

Miscellaneous Associations.-Des Moines Turner Society was organized July 12, 1857, and August 8 of the same year was admitted to the North American Turnerbund. The charter members were: George Neidhardt, Ferd. Sandber, John Raible, Gotleib Utz, Gotleib Munzenmeier, John Herman, J. F. Kappes, Christ. Hartleib, Louis Stutz, Fred. Harbach, And. Sexauer, Christ. Wetlig, Wend. Miehl, Charles Neckerman, Fred. Sinn, Henry Heers, Chas. P. Reinig, Fred. Reinig, Hobert Water, Franz Ibler. The object of the society is the cultivation of the more perfect man, physically and mentally. Monthly meetings are held for mental exercises, comprising music, lectures, debates and the discussion of all living questions.

Special attention is given to the maintenance of a Germano-American day, and Sunday free non-sectarian school. A system of benefit insurance is also one of the objects.

The Library Association was organized December 17th, 1866. On the 2d of May, 1876, it was transferred to the care of ladies and it took a new lease of life. Its rooms are on West Fourth Street, near Court Avenue.

Saux Tribe, No. 2, Improved Order of Red Men, was organized in October, 1871. This order is the oldest in the Union, dating back to 1771. Its motto is: "Freedom, friendship and charity."

The Caledonian Club was organized September 10, 1872, with George R. McIntosh, George E. Lillie, John Sneddon, L. M. Squair and John Burn, side as the first officers. It was incorporated in 1873.

St. George's Society was organized by Thomas Brooke January 5, 1874, with T. M. Knight, T. D. Hulme, J. Fellows, J. Dixon, S. Lowe and Thos. Brooke as its first officers.

Des Moines Division, No. 38, of Conductor's Brotherhood was organized December 21, 1875, with Charles E. Smith, J. C. Hewitt, O. S. Ward, C. W. Curtis, A. McBride, G. W. Bull, D. Bowers, T. Crouch, J. A. Taylor, J. A. Platt, C. M. Burnett, Charles Morse, Wils. Edmunson and G. W. Donaldson as charter members.

Des Moines Division, No. 113, Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers, was organized February 12, 1870, with C. S. Binkley, W. Slade, J. J. Goodwin, M. S. Barney, G. W. Warren, Wm. Sprague and Henry Marvin as the first board of officers.

The Society of Ancient Order of Hibernians was organized June 25, 1876, with David Bulger, James McNerney, Peter Heeney, Thomas Killeen, Nicholas Walsh as its first officers.

Lazarus Samich Lodge of K. S. B. was organized November 17, 1876, with M. Riegelman, M. Strauss, J. Mandelbaum, L. M. Doctor, H. Riegelman, H. Younkers, M. Schloss, J. Riegelman, H. Hiller, L. Ortleib, L. Hirsch, Ro. F. Shawr, as it first officers.

Fidelity Lodge, Knights of Honor, was organized in 1879, with George Sneer, Hamilton Browne, J. O. Mahana, J. M. Laird, B. J. Bartlett, C. G. Lewis, F. Case, Alexander Hastie, S. G. Cope, Chas. P. Reinig, M. C. Christy, R. M. Stone, W. D. Ellsworth, F. J. Cressy and J. W. Muffly as charter members. The object of the order is the insurance of members in case of sickness and death.

Iowa State Mutual Benefit Association, incorporated in April, 1878, with Rev. J. A. Nash, President. It is a temperance life assurance association. Union Ladies' Relief Society, organized in 1875, for the relief of the indigent poor of the city. It is managed by ladies of the city.

Young Men's Christian Association, was organized in 1856 and reorganized in 1878, and is now in a flourishing condition.

Grand Army of the Republic.-Kinsman Post, No. 7, was organized in February, 1879, with the following charter members: L. E. Ayres, W. F. Conrad, J. C. Painter, G. L. Berry, Randolph Frame, M. C. Stanes, A. H. Botkin, B. H. Dear, C. W. Nelson, R. W. Hamilton, Joseph F. Burgess, Chas. H. McCauley, A. W. Guthrie, John Shanley, Durbin Grupe.

Crocker Post, No. 12, was organized March 12, 1878, with the following charter members: W. L. Alexander, Geo. W. Bristow, M. T. V. Bowman, W. L. Davis, Josiah Given, George Griffith, Dr. George P. Hannawalt, J.