60-522 VOLUME II EIGHTY-FIRST CONGRESS FIRST AND SECOND SESSIONS MADE PUBLIC JULY 1976 Printed for the use of the Committee on Foreign Relations U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE WASHINGTON: 1976 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office WALTER F. GEORGE, Georgia ELBERT D. THOMAS, Utah MILLARD E. TYDINGS, Maryland CLAUDE PEPPER, Florida BRIEN MCMAHON, Connecticut J. W. FULBRIGHT, Arkansas Texas, Chairman ARTHUR H. VANDENBERG, Michigan THEODORE FRANCIS GREEN, Rhode Island HENRY CABOT LODGE, JR., Massachusetts PREFACE This, the second volume in the Committee's new historical series, "Executive Sessions of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee," contains transcripts and supporting materials from the first and second sessions of the Eighty-first Congress. In the words of the legislative history of that Congress, the Eighty-first "may well be remembered as the first Congress in American history which in time of peace recognized that it was in the interest of the American people to assist free nations of the world to strengthen their military establishments on the basis of self-help and mutual aid." The chief fruits of this recognition were Senate consent to ratification of the North Atlantic Treaty and enactment of the first Mutual Defense Assistance Program. Transcripts and documents dealing with these two significant steps in the development of post-war American foreign policy were published in two earlier prints in the historical series, "The Vandenberg Resolution and the North Atlantic Treaty," and the "Military Assistance Program: 1949." Committee action extending and modifying the military assistance program in 1950 is covered in this volume. The Eighty-first Congress also approved extension in several directions of the foreign economic aid program. Portions of this record were published in two further issues in the historical series, "Extension of the European Recovery Program: 1949," and "Economic Assistance to China and Korea: 1949-1950." Action on the European Recovery Program in 1950 is covered in this volume, as are two new programs added to the economic aid package-aid to Palestine refugees in 1949 and 1950, and the technical assistance or Point Four program. Other matters taken up in the 1949-50 sessions and covered in this volume were the Charter of the Organization of American States, reorganization of the State Department, first consideration of the Genocide Convention, and the Tydings subcommittee's State Department loyalty investigation (most of the executive sessions of this subcommittee were published contemporaneously). Important policy statements made before the Committee during 1949-50 by Administration officials and others speaking on a wide range of subjects are already in print in "Reviews of the World Situation: 1949-50," another of the earlier topical volumes in the series. This by no means exhausts the full range of subjects considered during the Eighty-first Congress, but it does, I believe, complete the public record on all major foreign relations issues before the Committee. The remaining unpublished executive session transcripts are listed in Appendix A by title or subject. These are on file at the National Archives where they may be consulted in accordance with that Agency's rules of access. Texts of these transcripts are published with a minimum of editorial revision. The transcripts were submitted in galley to the State Depart |