letter I received from their Lordships in consequence of the Address of the House of Commons to His Majesty concerning the Manufactures of this Country, dated March 27th 1766. Another copy of this Address has been inclosed to me in your Lordships Letter marked No 3, to which I must make the same answer, as the Progress of Manufactures in this part of the world by no means corresponds with the pompous accounts given of them in the public papers. No mention is made in the former Letter of the great quantities of Leather being tanned in this Country, as this branch of business has been carried on for many years; the leather is greatly inferior in quality to that made in Europe; and they are not yet arrived to the perfection of making Sole-leather. Your Lordship may be assured that I shall, from time to time, give every due information required in this Address, and be particularly attentive to any new Establishments of which we have no instances since my last letter, except in the paper-Mill begun to be erected within these few lays, at a small distance from the Town. REPORT OF HIS EXCELLENCY WILLIAM TRYON, ESQUIRE, CAPTAIN GENERAL AND GOVERNOR IN CHIEF IN AND OVER THE PROVINCE OF NEW YORK AND THE TERRITORIES DEPENDING THEREON IN AMERICA, CHANCELLOR AND VICE ADMIRAL OF THE SAME-ON CERTAIN HEADS OF ENQUIRY RELATIVE TO THE PRESENT STATE & CONDITION OF HIS MAJESTY'S SAID PROVINCE [Lond. Doc. XLIV.] Question No. 1. What is the situation of the Province under yoar Government, the nature of the Country soil and Climate: the Latitudes and Longitudes of the most considerable places in it: have those Latitudes and Longitudes been settled by good Observations, or only by common Computations, and from whence are the Longitudes computed? Answer. Situation of The Province of New York is situated on the Atlantic the province. Ocean which washes its Southern shores: The Colonies of Connecticut, Massachusetts Bay, and New Hampshire lying to the East, Quebec to the North, and New Jersey, Pensylvania and the Indian Country to the West. Nature of the Country and its sil. The Face of the Country is every where uneven, with all thevariety of Soil to be found any where. In the Northern Parts are low lands enriched by the overflowing of Rivers, but little of this sort lies within seventy miles of the city of New York the Metropolis-The soil in general is much thinner and lighter in the Southern, than in the Northern Parts and having been longer under Culture and subject to bad Husbandry, is much more exhausted. Climate. The Province extending nearly Four Degrees and a half of Latitude the difference of Climate between the Southern and Northern Parts is remarkable. In Summer the Heat is sometimes excessive, and in general much greater than in England-Melons and many other things are raised here by the natural warmth of the Climate which in England require the aid of Hot Beds and Glasses-The Winter in all parts of the Province is more severe than in England, tho' the Latitude of London is about ten Degrees more North than the City of New York-Even in the Southern Part the Mercury in Farrenhight's Thermometer sinks some Degrees below 0 and rises to 90° but these extremes are always of short Duration.-At Albany and to the Northward of that City the Harvest is about a Month later than at New York, and the Winter is much earlier. Hudson's River is generally frozen over many miles below Albany before the middle of December but no Quantity of Ice is found in the River within thirty miles of the City of New York, earlier than the Month of January-In March the Navigation is again open up to Albany; And it is observed the Seasons both as to Heat and Cold grow more temperate. Latitudes. The Latitudes of the following places have been determined by good observations. The Light House at Sandy Hook Fort George City of New York Mouth of Mackhacamac Branch of Delaware, where the Line settled between New York & New Jersey terminates 40°27′40′′ 40 41 50 41 21 37 42 36 00 43 16 12 43 50 07 44 57 18 44 58 48 45 00 00 Longitude. The Longitude of the City of New York has been found by good Observations of the Satellites of Jupiter to be 74° 38 West from London. Question No. 2. What are the reputed Boundaries, and are any parts disputed and by whom Answer. Boundaries of The Boundaries of the Province of New York are de the Province. rived from Two Sources.-First, the Grants from King Charles the |