THE

SOUTHEASTERN REPORTER,

VOLUME 31,

CONTAINING ALL THE DECISIONS OF THE

SUPREME COURTS OF APPEALS OF VIRGINIA AND WEST
VIRGINIA, AND SUPREME COURTS OF NORTH
CAROLINA, SOUTH CAROLINA, GEORGIA.

PERMANENT EDITION.

OCTOBER 4, 1898-JANUARY 31, 1899.

WITH TABLES OF SOUTHEASTERN CASES PUBLISHED IN VOLS. 121, 122, NORTH CAROLINA REPORTS;
95, VIRGINIA REPORTS; 44, WEST VIRGINIA REPORTS.

A TABLE OF STATUTES CONSTRUED IS GIVEN
IN THE INDEX.

ST. PAUL:

WEST PUBLISHING CO.

Law Library

COPYRIGHT, 1899,

BY

WEST PUBLISHING COMPANY.

JUDGES

OF THE

COURTS REPORTED DURING THE PERIOD COVERED BY THIS VOLUME.

WEST VIRGINIA-Supreme Court of Appeals.

HENRY BRANNON, PRESIDENT.3

MARMADUKE H. DENT, PRESIDENT.4

Transferred from Second to First Division by order of October 3, 1898.
2Transferred from First to Second Division by order of October 3, 1898.
8 Designated President January 12, 1898.
*Designated President January 12, 1899.