1

claim, building a log cabin to secure ownership of the waterpower there. In 1838 he received a federal appointment as sutler of Fort Snelling. In April, 1843, he was married, in Baltimore, to Miss Anna Barney, a granddaughter of Commodore Barney of the United States Navy, and also, by her mother, of Samuel Chase, one of the Maryland signers of the Declaration of Independence. The part taken by Mr. Steele in the improvement of the water-power at the falls of St. Anthony, and in the early development of logging and manufacturing lumber here, has been noted in the foregoing pages. In 1851 he was elected by the legislature as one of the first Board of Regents of the University of Minnesota; and by his gifts and personal interest he aided largely in establishing and sustaining this institution. In 1854 he built a suspension bridge connecting St. Anthony and Minneapolis, which was the first bridge to span the Mississippi in any part of its course from lake Itasca to its mouth. In 1862 he was active to aid the settlers who had been driven from their homes by the Sioux outbreak and massacre. To the close of his life, September 10th, 1880, he was one of the most eminent and public-spirited citizens of his adopted state. Mr. Steele began the utilization of the falls of St. Anthony, and lived to see the city which he so largely aided to found there grow to have 48,000 people. Another has justly written, "His life was peculiarly unselfish, and largely devoted to the prosecution of public measures, of which others have chiefly reaped the benefits."

CALEB D. DORR

was born at East Great Works (now Bradley), in Penobscot county, Maine, July 9th, 1824. He had worked several years in the pineries of the Penobscot river, cutting and driving logs, before he came to St. Anthony in the autumn of 1847, arriving here October 1st. He was employed mainly during 1848 in the construction of the first dam and sawmill of Steele, Cushing, and Company, at the falls of St. Anthony; and in the spring and summer of that year he built the first boom above the falls. Late in the autumn of 1847 he had cut pine in the vicinity of Little Falls and Swan river, intended for the St. Anthony dam and boom; and in 1848 he ran the first rafts and drives of logs from the upper Mississippi river to St. An

thony, which my logging crew had cut during the preceding winter, as narrated in an earlier part of this paper. On the 4th of March, 1849, in a visit east after his first year in Minnesota, he married Celestia A. Ricker of Maine.

Mr. Dorr brought the first machine used at St. Anthony for making shingles, in 1850. During many years he was one of the principal lumbermen of the upper Mississippi, cutting logs chiefly on the Rum river. In 1866 he accepted the office of boom master, and held it many years. He is still living in Minneapolis, where he has held numerous positions of honor and trust, one of the earliest being as an alderman in the first city council of St. Anthony, in 1858.

SUMNER W. FARNHAM

was born in Calais, Maine, April 2nd, 1820. His father was a surveyor of logs and lumber on the St. Croix river, which forms the boundary between Maine and New Brunswick, and the son inherited a strong inclination for the lumber business. At the age of fourteen years he began work with his father about the sawmills, and four years later went into the pine woods to cut logs on his own account. In 1840 he bought a sawmill, and ran it four years. In September, 1847, he left Calais and came west. After examining the lumbering prospects of eastern Michigan and wintering in the lead-mining region of southwestern Wisconsin, he arrived at Stillwater in the spring of 1848. He was at first employed in logging by his friend, John McKusick, who had previously come from the same part of Maine. On the way up the Mississippi, the steamer which brought Mr. Farnham had been pushed ashore by a gale, with drifting ice, near the site of Lake City, and there I first met him, aiding the captain in his endeavors to get the boat again into the water. This was while I was on my way to Galena, partly for the business of Mr. Steele in relation to capital supplied from the east for the improvements at St. Anthony Falls. The next winter Mr. Farnham went into the woods of Rum river as foreman of one of my logging camps. In the next two summers, he did the greater part of the work of clearing this river of its driftwood, opening it for log-driving from its upper tributaries.

During 1850 and several ensuing years, Mr. Farnham was very profitably engaged in logging and lumber manufacturing.

June 1st, 1851, he was married to Miss Eunice Estes, a daughter of Jonathan Estes, an immigrant from Maine. In 1854, with Samuel Tracy, he opened the first bank in St. Anthony, which continued in business until 1858. It was then closed, on account of the prevailing financial depression, and all the depositors were fully paid, though at a considerable loss of the capital invested by Mr. Farnham and his partners. In 1860 he associated with himself James A. Lovejoy, forming the lumber firm of Farnham and Lovejoy, which continued in this business twenty-eight years, until Mr. Lovejoy's death. Their total production of manufactured lumber is estimated to have exceeded 300,000,000 feet.

As early as 1849, Mr. Farnham was one of the founders of the Library Association of St. Anthony. In 1852, and again in 1856, he was a member of the Territorial Legislature. He also served as assessor and afterward as treasurer of St. Anthony, and during the Civil War was appointed with others to raise money for the relief of soldiers' families. Throughout his long life, he has honorably fulfilled his part in the promotion of the best interests of his city and state, and still lives in Minneapolis, but his health was broken by paralysis several years ago.

JOHN MARTIN

was born in Peacham, Vermont, August 18th, 1820, and was early inured to hard work on his father's farm. In 1839 he took employment as a fireman on a steamboat plying on the Connecticut river, and in time became its captain. After five years he went with this steamboat to North Carolina, and there was engaged in freighting on the Neuse river during several years. In 1849, returning to Peacham, he was married to Miss Jane B. Gilfillan. Soon afterward, he went to Cali fornia, by the way of the Isthmus of Panama, and spent a year in placer gold mining. Next he returned and lived as a farmer two or three years in Vermont. But an adventurous temperament led him to the Northwest in 1854. Having found in St. Anthony opportunities for good investments in lumbering, and believing that the little village of that time would become a great commercial metropolis, he went back to Vermont, sold his farms, and early in 1855 came to reside permanently here.