EFFECTIVE DATE See section 1610 of this title. § 1596. Penalties.-Any person who violates any provision of this chapter or the rules and regulations made and promulgated thereunder shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor and, upon conviction thereof, shall pay a fine of not more than $1,000, for the first offense, and upon conviction for each subsequent offense not more than $2,000. (Aug. 9, 1939, ch. 615, title IV, § 406, 53 Stat. 1286.) See section 1610 of this title. EFFECTIVE DATE § 1597. Agent's acts as binding principal.—When construing and enforcing the provisions of this chapter, the act, omission, or failure of any officer, agent, or other person acting for or employed by any person, partnership, corporation, company, society, or association, shall in every case be also deemed to be the act, omission, or failure of such person, partnership, corporation, company, society, or association, as well as that of the person employed. (Aug. 9, 1939, ch. 615, title IV, § 407, 53 Stat. 1286.) See section 1610 of this title. EFFECTIVE DATE § 1598. Notice of intention to prosecute.-Before any violation of this chapter is reported by the Secretary of Agriculture to any United States attorneys for institution of a criminal proceeding, the person against whom such proceeding is contemplated shall be given appropriate notice and an opportunity to prevent 1 his views, either orally or in writing, with regard to such contemlated proceeding. (Aug. 9, 1939, ch. 615, title IV, § 408, 53 Stat. 1286.) 1 So in original. Probably should read "present". See section 1610 of this title. EFFECTIVE DATE § 1599. Cease and desist proceedings-(a) Hearing.-Whenever the Secretary of Agriculture has reason to believe that any person has violated or is violating any of the provisions of this chapter or the rules and regulations made and promulgated thereunder, he shall cause a complaint in writing to be served upon the person, stating his charges in that respect, and requiring the person to attend and testify at a hearing at a time and place designated therein, at least thirty days after the service of such complaint; and at such time and place there shall be afforded the person a reasonable opportunity to be informed as to the evidence introduced against him (including the right of cross-examination), and to be heard in person or by counsel and through witnesses, under such rules and regulations as the Secretary of Agriculture may prescribe. At any time prior to the close of the hearing the Secretary of Agriculture may amend the complaint; but in case of any amendment adding new provisions the hearing shall, on the request of the person, be adjourned for a period not exceeding fifteen days. (b) Report of Secretary of Agriculture.-If, after such hearing, the Secretary of Agriculture finds that the person has violated or is violating any provisions of the chapter or rules and regulations covered by the charges, he shall make a report in writing in which he shall state his findings as to the facts, and shall issue and cause to be served on the person an order requiring such person to cease and desist from continuing such violation. The testimony taken at the hearing shall be reduced to writing and filed in the records of the Department of Agriculture. (c) Amendment of report.-Until a transcript of the record in such hearing has been filed in a circuit court of appeals, as provided in section 1600 of this title, the Secretary of Agriculture at any time, upon such notice and in such manner as he deems proper, but only after reasonable opportunity to the person to be heard, may amend or set aside the report or order, in whole or in part. (d) Service.-Complaints, orders, and other processes of the Secretary of Agriculture under this section may be served by anyone duly authorized by the Secretary of Agriculture, either (1) by delivering a copy thereof to the person to be served, or to a member of the partnership to be served, or to the president, secretary, or other executive officer or a director of the corporation to be served; or (2) by leaving a copy thereof at the principal office or place of business of such person, partnership, or corporation; or (3) by registering and mailing a copy thereof addressed to such person, partnership, or corporation at his or its last known principal office or place of business. The verified return by the person so serving said complaint, order, or other process setting forth the manner of said order shall be proof of the same, and the return post-office receipt for said complaint, order, or other process registered and mailed as aforesaid shall be proof of the service of the same. (Aug. 9, 1939, ch. 615, title IV, § 409, 53 Stat. 1287.) See section 1610 of this title. EFFECTIVE DATE § 1600. Appeal to circuit court of appeals.-An order made under section 1599 of this title shall be final and conclusive unless within thirty days after the service the person appeals to the circuit court of appeals for the circuit in which such person resides or has his principal place of business by filing with the clerk of such court a written petition praying that the Secretary's order be set aside or modified in the manner stated in the petition, together with a bond in such sum as the court may determine, conditioned that such person will pay the costs of the proceedings if the court so directs. The clerk of the court shall immediately cause a copy of the petition to be delivered to the Secretary, and the Secretary shall forthwith prepare, certify, and file in the court a full and accurate transcript of the record in such proceedings, including the complaint, the evidence, and the report and order. If before such transcript is filed, the Secretary amends or sets aside his report or order, in whole or in part, the petitioner may amend the peti tion within such time as the court may determine, on notice to the Secretary. At any time after such transcript is filed the court, on application of the Secretary, may issue a temporary injunction restraining, to the extent it deems proper, the person and his officers, directors, agents, and employees from violating any of the provisions of the order pending the final determination of the appeal. The evidence so taken or admitted, duly certified and filed as aforesaid as a part of the record, shall be considered by the court as the evidence in the case. The proceedings in such cases in the circuit court of appeals shall be made a preferred cause and shall be expedited in every way. The court may affirm, modify, or set aside the order of the Secretary. If the court determines that the just and proper disposition of the case requires the taking of additional evidence, the court shall order the hearing to be reopened for the taking of such evidence, in such manner and upon such terms and conditions as the court may deem proper. The Secretary may modify his findings as to the facts, or make new findings, by reason of the additional evidence so taken, and he shall file such modified or new findings and his recommendations, if any, for the modification or setting aside of his order, with the return of such additional evidence. If the circuit court of appeals affirms or modifies the order of the Secretary, its decree shall operate as an injunction to restrain the person and his officers, directors, agents, and employees from violating the provisions of such order or such order as modified. (Aug. 9, 1939, ch. 615, title IV, § 410, 53 Stat. 1287.) See section 1610 of this title. EFFECTIVE DATE § 1601. Enforcement of order. If any person against whom an order is issued under section 1599 of this title fails to obey the order, the Secretary of Agriculture, or the United States, by its Attorney General, may apply to the circuit court of appeals of the United States, within the circuit where the person against whom the order was issued resides or has his principal place of business, for the enforcement of the order, and shall certify and file with its application a full and accurate transcript of the record in such proceedings, including the complaint, the evidence, the report, and the order. Upon such filing of the application and transcript the court shall cause notice thereof to be served upon the person against whom the order was issued. The evidence to be considered, the procedure to be followed, and the jurisdiction of the court shall be the same as provided in section 1600 of this title for applications to set aside or modify orders. The proceedings in such cases shall be made a preferred cause and shall be expedited in every way. (Aug. 9, 1939, ch. 615, title IV, § 411, 53 Stat. 1288.) See section 1610 of this title. EFFECTIVE DATE § 1602. Separability of proceedings.-The institution of any one of the proceedings provided for in sections 1595, 1599, 1600, and 1601 of this title, or criminal prosecution under section 1596 of this title shall not bar institution of any of the others. However, nothing in this chapter shall be construed as requiring the Secretary of Agriculture to recommend prosecution or institution of libel proceedings, cease-and-desist proceedings or proceedings for the enforcement of a cease-and-desist order, for minor violations of this chapter whenever he believes that the public interest will be adequatley served by suitable written notice or warning. (Aug. 9, 1939, ch. 615, title IV, § 412, 53 Stat. 1288.) See section 1610 of this title. EFFECTIVE DATE § 1603. Power to examine; witness fees and mileage.-(a) In carrying on the work herein authorized, the Secretary of Agriculture, or any officer or employee designated by him for such purpose, shall have power to hold hearings, administer oaths, sign and issue subpenas, examine witnesses, take depositions, and require the production of books, records, accounts, memoranda, and papers, and have access to office and warehouse premises. Upon refusal by any person to appear, testify, or produce pertinent books, records, accounts, memoranda, and papers in response to a subpena, or to permit access to premises, the proper United States district court shall have power to compel obedience thereto. (b) Witnesses summoned before the Secretary or any officer or employee designated by him shall be paid the same fees and mileage that are paid witnesses in the courts of the United States, and witnesses whose depositions are taken and the persons taking the same shall severally be entitled to the same fees as are paid for like service in the courts of the United States. (Aug. 9, 1939, ch. 615, title IV, § 413, 53 Stat. 1289.) See section 1610 of this title. EFFECTIVE DATE § 1604. Publication. After judgment by the court, or the issuance of a cease-and-desist order, in any case arising under this chapter, notice thereof shall be given by publication in such manner as may be prescribed in the rules and regulations made and promulgated under this chapter. (Aug. 9, 1939, ch. 615, title IV, § 414, 53 Stat. 1289.) See section 1610 of this title. EFFECTIVE DATE § 1605. Authorization for appropriations.—(a) There is hereby authorized to be appropriated, out of any money in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated, such sums as may be necessary for administering this chapter. (b) Funds appropriated for carrying into effect the purpose of this chapter shall be available for allotment by the Secretary of Agriculture to the bureaus and offices of the Department of Agriculture and for transfer to other departments and agencies of the Government which the Secretary of Agriculture may call upon to assist or cooperate in carrying out such purposes or for services rendered or to be rendered in connection therewith. Appropriations made under this authorization, within the limit prescribed in such appropriations, may be expended for the share of the United States in the expense of the International Seed Testing Congress in carrying out plans for correlating the work of the various adhering governments on problems relating to seed analyses or other subjects which the Congress may determine to be necessary in the interest of international seed trade. (Aug. 9, 1939, ch. 615, title IV, § 415, 53 Stat. 1289; Sept. 21, 1944, ch. 412, title VII, § 701 (b), 58 Stat. 741.) AMENDMENTS 1944-Act Sept. 21, 1944, cited to text, amended section by adding last par. This paragraph probably should be numbered subsection (c). CODIFICATION This section was amended by the Department of Agriculture Organic Act of 1944. § 1606. Authorization for expenditures.-The Secretary of Agriculture is authorized to make such expenditures for rent, outside of the District of Columbia, printing, binding, telegrams, telephones, books of reference, publications, furniture, stationery, office and laboratory equipment, travel, and other supplies, including reporting services, such research necessary to develop methods of processing, bulking, blending, sampling, testing, and merchandising seeds necessary to the administration of this chapter and other necessary expenses in the District of Columbia and elsewhere, and as may be appropriated for by the Congress. (Aug. 9, 1939, ch. 615, title IV, § 416, 53 Stat. 1289.) EFFECTIVE DATE See section 1610 of this title. § 1607. Cooperation with other agencies.-The Secretary of Agriculture is authorized to cooperate with any other department or agency of the Federal Government; or with any State, Territory, District, or possession, or department, agency, or political subdivision thereof; or with any producing, trading, or consuming organization, whether operating in one or more jurisdictions, in carrying out the provisions of this chapter. (Aug. 9, 1939, ch. 615. title IV, § 417, 53 Stat. 1289.) EFFECTIVE DATE See section 1610 of this title. § 1608. Separability of provisions.-If any provision of this chapter, or the application thereof to any person or circumstance, is held invalid, the remainder of the chapter, and the application of such provisions to other persons or circumstances, shall not be affected thereby. (Aug. 9, 1939, ch. 615, title IV, § 418, 53 Stat. 1290.) EFFECTIVE DATE See section 1610 of this title. § 1609. Repeals.-Sections 111-116 of this title are hereby repealed on the one hundred and eightieth day after the passage of this chapter: Provided, however, That the notices with respect |