Ist Ohio Volunteer Cavalry was in Camps Bushnell, Ohio; George H. Thomas, Ga.; Lakeland, Fla., and Huntsville, Ala.

Of these regiments the 4th saw service at Arroyo, Guayama, and San Juan, Porto Rico; the 6th at Cienfuegos and Santa Clara, Cuba; the 8th at Siboney, Sevilla, and San Juan Hill, Cuba.

The total deaths in all the Ohio volunteer organizations while in the United States service were 230, seven officers and 223 men.

From the declaration of war (April 21) to the peace protocol (August 12, 1898), 114 days, there was the greatest activity, and military and naval operations extended to Spanish possessions half around the world.

In this war Ohio's officers and soldiers, with others North, were organized into brigades, divisions and army corps with those from the South, and all proudly and loyally affiliated, often under officers who fought on opposite sides in the Civil War.

The formal treaty of peace (Paris) was not made until December 10, 1898, and an insurrectionary war broke out in the newly-acquired Philippine Islands in February, 1899, which required an army larger (both regular and volunteer) than had hitherto been deemed necessary. In its temporary increase Ohio again furnished her full quota.

Now Brigadier-General Frederick Funston, U. S. A. (born at New Carlisle, Clark County, Ohio), successfully executed the plan for the capture of Aguinaldo, the chief insurgent, which brought his insurrection to an end.

And Ohio men participated in the Battle of Tsein Tsein, China, and were of those who marched to Imperial China's capital and within its gates (1899), dictated the release of imperiled Christian missionaries and exacted guarantees for their future safety and the safety of native Chinese Christians.

For the duration of the war and the small amount of blood shed the results attained, physical and moral, in the SpanishAmerican War, were unparalelled.

The story of Ohio in the three wars, of which I speak, may be summarized thus:

She, by the heroism and loyalty of her people, did her full share:

First In the Mexican War, whereby 545,000 square miles of territory were acquired, and later dedicated to freedom.

Second — In the Civil War, whereby human slavery in the United States was abolished (and since, as a consequence, largely throughout the civilized world) and a purer and better civilization succeeded; the Union of the States has been made secure, it is to be hoped through all time, and wherein the political equality of man is vouchsafed under organic law; and,

Third In the Spanish War, whereby the inhumanity of Spain towards her American and other of her colonial subjects has been ended, and the "Gem of the Antilles" - Cuba - has become free and independent, and other of Spain's possessions have not only become free, but made parts of our Republic, and thereby entitled to the protection of our constitution and laws, under the banner of the Union, where, let us hope and. pray, they may enjoy the blessings; in the providence of God, of prosperity, contentment and peace.

OHIO IN THE NAVY.

MURAT HALSTEAD.

There is more concern as I understand this occasion, that we should speak chapters of the early history of the state, (the older the better for the days we celebrate), than follow with formal care the texts of the topics set down to be treated. If there is one spot in North America the heart of the mighty progress of the continent, that is the home of the "world power," foremost of the nations of the earth, it is here in the central city of the Scioto Country; and so vast and varied is the theme, that if expressions reflects the general, generous impulse of this year and the day and hour, we cannot go astray from the widespread splendors of the first century of our young state, whose sovereignty is in the blood, bone and brain of our countrymen, whether north or south of the Ohio River, or east or west of the Mississippi.

MURAT HALSTEAD.

The subject "Ohio in the Navy" opens with each hour given to the understanding of it - and we find Ohio's naval story is full of glory, and that her four thousand fighting men, during the war in the sixties for holding the Mississippi valley with her wonderful river system, had hard and desperate work to do, and did it bravely and brilliantly, in fighting down the tributaries to the father of floods, from the Cumberland and Tennessee, with almost incessant skirmishing and a dozen thunderous and bloody battles, until they met Farragut with the prows of his victorious battle boats up stream. "Ohio in the Navy" deserves as compre

hensive and adequate treatment, as "Ohio in the War," in Whitelaw Reid's history. Such is the wealth of material suitable for the historical celebration of Ohio's centenary in the old classic, historic and romantic first capital at Chillicothe, that the embarrassment in the preparation of all the addresses was that of riches; and this splendid theme was the most pressing of all, on account of the affluence of the records of the sudden creation of the navy to go down the greatest of rivers in the world for resources, to the gate of the heart of the continent opening to the Mexican Gulf, the American Mediterranean.

The boundaries of the United States are east, west and south, the salt seas that extend from pole to pole, and the American mid-ocean on the north, are the unsalted seas, and the Canadian wheat, fruit and iron lands, where the seasons are alternately lands of snow and lands of sun.

We, of Ohio, from the beautiful river on the south to the splendid lake on. the north, are dwellers in no mean cities, and we may not truly sing, or say, of the green valleys and the green and yellow fields, and the woods that through the procession of the seasons lend the glories of all the colors of the landscape — "There is a land that is fairer than this." There is no fairer land.

I have family history, records and traditions, that my ancestors were immigrants from North Carolina and Pennsylvania, and that they journeyed from the shores of the Albermarle Sound. and the Susquehanna, to the Great Miami; and made it convenient for me to be born at Paddy's Run, in old Jackson county of Butler, the county seat of which was named for Alexander Hamilton. Chillicothe is such an ancestral city that one's thoughts turn here to the forefathers.

I had a talk on one of the battle-fields of the war of our states and sections, that closed with "Liberty and Union, now and forever, one and inseparable," with a group of Confederate prisoners of war, and asking what state they hailed from, they answered by naming the birthplace of my father. My mother's birthplace was in the Scioto country, beside Paint Creek, and there was some relationship—or a temporary halt on the way from the Hocking the first aim of the Pennsylvania folks to the town strangely named Tarlton. The old county has been so cut

up and the old papers sent to Columbus and somewhere and somehow lost in the shuffle of the removal of the Capital. My mother's parents James Willits and Amy Allison, his wife-after the birth of my mother Clarissa, moved west to the last white water branch of the Great Miami - and after some years moved to Green's Fork near the national railroad, Wayne County, Indiana.

At first, the assignment to speak for Ohio in the Navy seemed to have a faint flavor of humor, but a few moments' reflection made plain the wisdom of those who called one from southwestern Ohio, to speak for the Navy when we meet to celebrate the first century of Ohio history on land and sea. The American boys who have the grandest passions for the ocean are those born a thousand miles from the ebb and flow of the salty tides. When an Ohio man sees the ocean, he has put ajar the golden gates of the world, and there are no other such worlds to conquer.

When one looks through the Virginian capes, into the sunrise, he remembers that far off, along the path of light, but certainly "yonder," were Rome and Greece, Carthage and Tyre, Athens, Jerusalem and Damascus, and there is history in the luminous air.

The heart of the country is sound on the question of a great navy, for we must have a commanding sea power on the three - south, east and west, of the Ohio, Mississippi, Missouri, the Colorado and Oregon our channels of mighty waters. that still rival and supplement the trans-continental roads of steel.

oceans

The interior states are the sovereign friends of the navy, and the canal that is to unite the two oceans, from whose shores that are ours we can front on the one hand Asia and Africa, and on the other all Asia; while, if the Gulf of Mexico is not to be ranked as an ocean, it is the great Southern American lake, a part of our canal that is to be part of an equatorial commercial channel, that surrounds the globe where the trade winds wafted the fathers and mothers of the people, that labor might master the rude rich continent so long reserved for the culmination of nations, the white labor coming free, the black labor forced.

Our Ohio point of view is central. We have had a part of distinction in the work well done on this continent. More than

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