strong-boned and lengthy. Especially noted for early development of lambs. They are vigorous and prepotent. The wool is short, dense, strong, and slightly coarse. Suffolk.-Faces and legs deep black color. They are large sheep when mature; lengthy and straight in form. Noted chiefly for prolificness and good milking and nursing qualities. A large percentage of lambs are reared in flocks of this breed; wool medium in quality and length. Oxford.-Face either brown or gray, and lengthy. When mature they are the heaviest of the Down breeds, being larger in size and heavier in bone. Their fleece is also heavier and the fibre longer, coarser, and more open than most others. Squarer in form than the Shropshires, and not so closely covered with wool. Adapted to strong land; respond readily to high feeding. Leicester.-Face bare and pure white, body square, straight, forequarters exceptionally full, hindquarters rounded slightly. Offal is light, bone fine, but fat too plentiful. The Border type is stronger boned, heavier, and more vigorous than the English. The Leicester has been extensively used for crossing on grades. Wool lustrous, five or six inches long, soft, but too frequently open and absent on the belly. Cotswold.-Face white or slightly mixed with gray. Form large, square, upstanding, and stylish. A tuft of wool grows from forehead; fleece open, long, and heavily yielding. Body long, level, and wide. The gray-faced strain is considered hardier than the white-faced. The popularity of the breed lies in the large yield of wool and of mutton, though the quality of both is deficient. Lincoln. The largest of the long-wooled breeds. The wool is long and coarse, and especially lustrous. Square in form and, when mature, very heavy. The mutton lacks quality. Cheviot.-Face bare, white, hornless; wool fine, and the fleece dense and even. Mutton agreeably flavored and finegrained. They are hardy, active, prolific, and the lambs come active. They clip about four pounds of fine wool. Adapted to rough and high pasturage. Dorset.-Face white; rams and ewes horned. Type: long, round-bodied, and compactly built. Wool medium in length, fineness, and weight; average clip 6 pounds. Chief character istics: prolificness, hardiness, and breeding early, so as to drop lambs in winter. Their Highland.-Rams and ewes horned, face and legs black and white. Low and blocky in type; fleece long, coarse. mutton has a superior flavor. and very strong of constitution. Mountain breed hardy, active, VI. Swine. Berkshire.-Color black, white on face, feet, tip of tail. Face short, dished; ears sharp-pointed, erect; jaws full, back broad, straight, full over shoulder; loin thick, level; hams exceptionally full, legs short, strong, and straight. Sows prolific, good nurses. Active and vigorous in temperament. Poland-China.--Color dark, spotted, or black; head small, slightly dished; ears drooping, girth full, ribs well sprung, deep; hindquarters lengthy, though inclined to be drooping. They fatten readily, reach heavy weights, and are quiet-dispositioned. Yorkshire.-White in color; separated into large, middle, and small varieties. The first-mentioned, are strong-boned, longbodied, and deep-sided, and have mixed meat; middle or improved type, lighter in weight and bone, with smaller quantity of offal; small variety, quick in maturing and compact in form. Chester-White.-White in color, strong-boned, vigorous, and attain to very heavy weights, though slow in maturing. Sows of good disposition and breeding qualities. Duroc-Jerseys.-Deep, cherry red in color, large size, good breeders, and liked in Southern countries because of ability to withstand heat. Victoria.-White in color with occasional black spots on skin; head small, face slightly dished; skin free from scurf; flesh of good quality and evenly laid over body. Yearling boars should weigh not less than 300 lbs. Tamworth.-Red or dark brown color; snout very long, body narrow, exceptionally deep and long in sides. Their form and the mixture of fat and lean in their flesh make them a special bacon hog. Essex.-Color black; type: small, compact, early ma.uring, and yielding a large percentage of edible meat. DETERMINATION OF THE AGE OF FARM (U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE.) The male Horse. The horse has 24 temporary teeth. has 40 permanent teeth, the female 36 or 40. The smaller number is more usual in females, due to the lack of the tusks. The temporary teeth consist of 12 incisors and 12 molars; the 4 center front teeth, 2 above and 2 below, are called pinchers; the next 4 are called intermediate or lateral, and the next 4 corner teeth. The permanent teeth consist of 12 incisors, 4 tusks, and 24 molars. The dental star is a yellowish ring appearing next the enamel on the table or crown of the tooth. The following table shows approximately the changes of the teeth with age: 3 to 10 days: Temporary pinchers and 3 molars cut. 40 to 60 days: Temporary intermediates or laterals cut. 6 to 9 months: Temporary corner teeth cut. 19 to 25 months: Leveling of temporary corner teeth. 2 to 3 years: Pinchers replaced by permanent teeth. 3 to 4 years: Intermediates or laterals replaced. 4 to 4 years: Tusks cut. 4 to 5 years: Corner teeth replaced. 5 to 6 years: Leveling of lower pinchers. 7 years: Leveling of permanent intermediates. 10 years: Dental star in corner teeth. Cattle. Cattle have 20 temporary and 32 permanent teeth. The temporary are 8 incisors in the lower jaw and 12 molars. The permanent teeth are 8 incisors and 24 molars. Cattle have no incisors in the upper jaw. The table for cattle is as follows: At birth: Temporary incisors appear. 5 to 6 months: Teeth decayed on border. 6 to 7 months: Leveling of pinchers. 12 months: Leveling of first intermediates. 15 months: Leveling of the second intermediates. 18 months: Intermediate incisors become stumps. 2 years: Permanent pinchers cut. 2 to 3 years: Permanent first intermediates cut. 3 years Second intermediates or laterals cut. 4 years Corner teeth replaced. 5 to 6 years: Leveling of permanent pinchers. 7 years: Leveling of first intermediates. 8 years Leveling of second intermediates. 9 years: Leveling of corner teeth. 10 to 12 years: Dental star in pinchers and intermediates. 13 years: Dental star in corner teeth. Sheep. Sheep have 20 temporary and 32 permanent teeth. The table for changes is as follows: I month: Milk incisors appear. 3 months Milk incisors decayed on border. 15 months: Permanent incisors cut. 2 years: First permanent intermediates cut. 33 months: Second permanent intermediates cut. 40 months: Corner teeth cut. Hogs.-Hogs have 28 temporary and 44 permanent teeth. The table for changes is as follows: At birth Temporary corner incisors cut. I to 2 months: Temporary central incisors cut. 3 months Temporary lateral incisors cut. 9 to 12 months: Permanent corner incisors cut. 12 to 15 months: Permanent central incisors cut. 18 to 20 months: Permanent lateral incisors cut. TJ N T |