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could be conceived. With the famed quality of the grape, its cheapness, (about three-fourths of a cent per pound,) and the capacity of the island for its production, the manufacture of wines for exportation would be most remunerative; but when ten per cent. upon the raw material and twenty-five upon the manufactured is devoured by the government there is left a small margin for profit. It is hoped, however, that this onerous duty will soon be removed. The comparatively large revenue from this island, amounting to fifteen millions of piasters, is due to her great agricultural resources. The soil is of the most rich and fertile character, and is capable of raising to perfection almost all agricultural productions. The level nature of the country renders transportation easy; and the absence of all predatory tribes, with the inoffensiveness of both its Greek and Turkish population, render life and property secure in every part of the island. It is sad, however, to report that, although favored with every natural advantage, its agricultural resources are comparatively undeveloped. Scarcely the fifteenth part of the arable land is under cultivation, and, in addition to this large amount of unproductive soil, it may be added that the portion under cultivation does not produce one-half of its capacity, when it is remembered that the island supported a population of two millions under the Venetians, and was also at the same time the great granary of Syria. Last year the island was obliged to import largely to support a population of only one hundred and eighty thousand inhabitants! Agriculture has suffered fearfully from the ravages of the locust for many years past, and there is not enough energy and public spirit on the part of the inhabitants, or interest manifested by the government, to take effective measures for the destruction of this ruinous scourge.

The chief products of this island are wheat, barley, cotton, linseed, sesame, madder root, and grapes. The wheat is small grained and hard, resembling the Russian wheat, and brought to market largely mixed with earth and other extraneous substances. The barley is of a very superior quality, finer even than the Egyptian, and sold at low prices. The capacity of the island for the production of cotton is great, but the cultivation is much neglected. According to "Mariti," Cyprus under the Venetian rule exported 30,000 bales, or 6,600,000 pounds; but the amount at present exported, even during the most favorable years, scarcely amounts to 6,000 bales, or 1,320,000 pounds. Although the soil under cotton cultivation is of the richest nature, yet, from carelessness and ignorance, bad quality of seed and want of capital, the produce per acre is only from 110 to 240 pounds. The quality of cotton chiefly cultivated is very inferior, rendering it of little value in the European markets; and until prices of cotton attained fabulous rates the crop was not remunerative to the agriculturists. American cotton is almost altogether grown now, and the "Manchester Cotton Supply Association" is making here, as everywhere in the East, huge efforts to increase the culture of this all-important article.

The cultivation of madder root is one of great care and profit to the farmer, and in Europe are more esteemed than the Smyrna produce. In some parts of the island the land best adapted to this culture brings the enormous price of $300 per acre.

There are no public works or enterprises at present in progress on the island. The great disadvantages under which Cyprus labors are want of population and enterprise, there being only one soul to every fifteen acres of arable land; and its future is as dark and desolate as its present state should it remain under Turkish rule.

Statement showing the return of imports into Larnika of Cyprus during the year 1861.

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Quan. Value. Quan. Value. Quan. Value. Q'y. Val. Quan. Val. 5,000 23 82,500 4 10,000

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Bales..

1,084

368,000......

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Cases

163

163,000,

6

49 6,000

Glassware........

do.

961

67,200

18

12,600

49.000 38 26,600

....

Cases....

218 Cases

218

.....

1,514

218.000

.... ....

Okes

52,320

365,540

..do.

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152..do.

152

739

106,400

52,220 Cwt .....

1,305

2,538

365,540

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..do. ..... ..do. 5,200..do.....

360 2,700..do.

575..do.....

24,640..do. ....

616

1,454

209,440

....

103,200..do.

....

2,580

7,167

1,032,000

200, 160..do. .....

5,604

4.517

650,520

....

76,410..do.

....

1,910

3,933

566,420

25,690

do.

...

642

2,046

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110 Dozen....

110

573

294,635 *2,500

200

6,000 18,000 378,000

......

Okes.....

44,380 Cwt......

1,109

8,103

1,166,860

19,800 4,560

13,680

..do.....

26,250 Tons .....

33

546

78,750

......do.

1,615

48,450

750

22,500

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Barrels.

151

30, 200

30

9,000

15

3,000

95 19,000

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50 10,000 Barrels...

2,365 Cwt.....

59

492

70,950

...

8.680..do. ..........

217

1,559

224,500

6,915

do. ...

173

720

103, 725

341 Barrels..

341

491

Do..............

Mats...

516

154,800

Mats.....

Soda....

Barrels.

50

58,000

21 21,000

Bales.....

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Hides, bullock.....

Pieces..

6,430

482, 250

Pieces

6,430 Pieces...

6,430

3,349

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Lead, small shot.. Okes

29.030

91,200

Okes

29,080 Cwt .....

727

633

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12,000 643,554

214, 100

110,430

95,800

Total

10,633, 104

1,684, 8:20

449,900

585,005

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104

216

71,200
154,800
79,000
482, 250

378,750
1,142,500
91,200
31, 200

3,350

7,472

1,075,915

21,825

93,068

13,402, 555

Articles.

Weights or

measures.

Statement showing the return of exports from Larnika during the year 1861.

Great Britain.

France.

Austria

Turkey.

Italy.

Russia.

Quantity.

TOTAL.

Value.

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643 64,300 75,500 72,358 379,00 ..do. 6,218 62,180 362,700 2,901,600 45,000 ..do. 144,000 210,080 ...... ..do... ..do... 820

360,000 21,010

568,200 6,825 2,600 13,650 168,080 7,560 60,480

720 105,040 112.680

.....

9,650

1,930.000

2.880

5,760

704,250

18,750

117,190 3,040 24,000

Value. Quan. Value. Quan. Value. Quan. Value. Quan. Value. Cyprus. W. & M. English. W. & M. Piasters. £. 7,622 762, 200 5,682 296,375 30, 100 158,025 1,300

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Piece..

.....

2,870 6,720 4,000

23.520

.do.

7,540..do.

188

845,440 5,871

26,390 183

12,000 53,870 161,610 15,750

47.250

Piece

73,620 Piece

73,620

220,860 1,534

Hides ......... ....

..do.

60

2,400 1,600 64,000 240

9,600

255 10,200

..do.

2.155..do.

2,155

86.200 599

Raky.

Okes

9.920

49,600

Okes

9,920 Gallon

2,830

49,600

345

......

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65.850

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Comanderia ........................

..do.

6,743

Oil............

..du...

6,929 58,900

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Klo.........

1,100

50,570 85,440 256, 320 21,280 29,700

63,840 7,440 22,320

21.150

179,775

......do...

...

120,903 do.

34,540

393,050 2,729

2,900

78,300

.do. Kilo....

28, 079 Tons...

33

238,675 1,657

4,000 Qrs....

500

108.000 750

Barley............

..do...

1,800

28,800

.....

.do...

1,800..do.

225

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Raisins.

Okes...

323

646

53,700

107,400

Okes...

54,023 Cwt....

1,351

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Return of American and foreign shipping within the consulate of Cyprus for the year 1861.

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I have the honor herewith to transmit a copy of a report on the ancient port of Famagusta, made by the captain of a French steamer, who is the first European commander that has entered this abandoned harbor since it fell into the hands of the Turks three centuries ago. My colleague, the French consul, kindly offered me the report, which has excited the interest of the French government to that degree that permission was asked of the Sublime Porte to make a survey of the port, as also the old city of Famagusta, still in a great state of preservation, and the best fortified city of the East. This survey has just been completed by a government vessel, and I hope to procure the plans, &c., which I shall forward to the department. The information and details, given with great exactitude in this paper, may be of use to United States vessels in these waters, from the fact that a port perfectly secure has been discovered, and is accessible to vessels that seek in vain for a safe harbor on the Syrian coast.

The Turkish government now proposes to remove the debris with which it is encumbered, rather with a view to the discovery of the treasures of the Genoese and Venetian fleet (the latter having been sunk with immense treasure on its capture by the Turks in 1571) than for political or commercial objects.

Had the efforts of the United States government been directed to this island, instead of Marmoretza, it is probable that European jealousy would not have

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