as is revised, amended or extended shall be re-enacted and published at length.

Special Laws.-SEC. 26. The Legislative Assembly shall not pass local or special laws in any of the following enumerated cases, that is to say: For granting divorces; laying out, opening, altering or working roads or highways; vacating roads, town plats, streets, alleys or public grounds; locating or changing county seats; regulating county or township affairs; regulating the practice in courts of justice; regulating the jurisdiction and duties of justices of the peace, police magistrates or constables; changing the rules of evidence in any trial or inquiry; providing for changes of venue in civil or criminal cases; declaring any person of age; for limitation of civil actions, or giving effect to informal or invalid deeds; summoning or impaneling grand or petit juries; providing for the management of common schools; regulating the rate of interest on money; the opening or conducting of any election or designating the place of voting; the sale or mortgage of real estate belonging to minors or others under disability; chartering or licensing ferries or bridges or toll roads; chartering banks, insurance companies and loan and trust companies; remitting fines, penalties or forfeitures; creating, increasing or decreasing fees, percentages or allowances of public officers; changing the law of descent; granting to any corporation, association or individual the right to lay down railroad tracks, or any special or exclusive privilege, immunity or franchise whatever; for the punishment of crimes; changing the names of persons or places; for the assessment or collection of taxes; affecting estates of deceased persons, minors or others under legal disabilities; extending the time for the collection of taxes; refunding money paid into the state treasury; relinquishing or extinguishing in whole or in part the indebtedness, liability or obligation of any corporation or person to this State, or to any municipal corporation therein; exempting property from taxation ; restoring to citizenship persons convicted of infamous crimes; authorizing the creation, extension or impairing of liens; creating offices, or prescribing the powers or duties of officers in counties, cities, townships or school districts; or authorizing the adoption or legitimation of children. In all other cases where a general law can be made applicable, no special law shall be enacted.

Duties of Officers and Employes.-SEC. 27. The presiding

officer of each house shall, in the presence of the house over which he presides, sign all bills and joint resolutions passed by the Legislative Assembly immediately after their titles have been publicly read, and the fact of signing shall be at once entered upon the journal.

SEC. 28. The Legislative Assembly shall prescribe by law the number, duties and compensation of the officers and employes of each house; and no payment shall be made from the state treasury, or be in any way authorized to any such person, except to an acting officer or employe elected or appointed in pursuance of law.

Extra Compensation of Officials.-SEC. 29. No bill shall be passed giving any extra compensation to any public officer, servant or employe, agent or contractor, after services shall have been rendered or contract made, nor providing for the payment of any claim made against the state without previous authority of law, except as may be otherwise provided herein.

Purchase of Supplies.-SEC. 30. All stationery, printing, paper, fuel and lights used in the legislative and other departments of government shall be furnished, and the printing and binding and distribution of the laws, journals and department reports and other printing and binding, and the repairing and furnishing the halls and rooms used for the meeting of the Legislative Assembly, and its committees shall be performed under contract, to be given to the lowest responsible bidder, below such maximum price and under such regulations as may be prescribed by law. No member or officer of the government shall be in any way interested in any such contract; and all such contracts shall be subject to the approval of the Governor and State Treasurer.

Increase of Term or Salary of Official.-SEC. 31. Except as otherwise provided in this constitution, no law shall extend the term of any public officer, or increase or diminish his salary or emolument after his election or appointment; provided, that this shall not be construed to forbid the Legislative Assembly from fixing the salaries or emoluments of those officers first elected or appointed under this constitution, where such salaries or emoluments are not fixed by this constitution.

Revenue Bills.-SEC. 32. All bills for raising revenue shall originate in the House of Representatives; but the Senate may propose amendments, as in the case of other bills.

Appropriations.-SEC. 33. The general appropriation bills shall embrace nothing but appropriations for the ordinary expenses of the Legislative, Executive and Judicial departments of the state, interest on the public debt and for public schools. All other appropriations shall be made by separate bills, each embracing but one subject.

SEC. 34. No money shall be paid out of the treasury except upon appropriations made by law, and on warrant drawn by the proper officer in pursuance thereof, except interest on the public debt.

SEC. 35. No appropriation shall be made for charitable, industrial, educational or benevolent purposes to any person, corporation or community not under the absolute control of the state, nor to any denominational or sectarian institution or association.

Other Restrictions.-SEC. 36. The Legislative Assembly shall not delegate to any special commission, private corporation or association any power to make, supervise or interfere with any municipal improvements, money, property or effects, whether held in trust or otherwise, or to levy taxes, or to perform any municipal functions whatever.

SEC. 37. No act of the Legislative Assembly shall authorize the investment of trust funds by executors, administrators, guardians or trustees in the bonds or stock of any private corporation.

SEC. 38. The Legislative Assembly shall have no power to pass any law authorizing the state, or any county in the state, to contract any debt or obligation in the construction of any railroad, nor give or loan its credit to or in aid of the construction of the same.

SEC. 39. No obligation or liability of any person, association or corporation, held or owned by the state, or any municipal corporation therein, shall ever be exchanged, transferred, remitted, released or postponed, or in any way diminished by the Legislative Assembly; nor shall such liability or obligation be extinguished, except by the payment thereof into the proper treasury.

Approval of Governor.-SEC. 40. Every order, resolution or vote, in which the concurrence of both houses may be necessary,, except on the question of adjournment, or relating solely to the transaction of the business of the two houses, shall be presented to the Governor, and before it shall take effect be approved by him,,

or, being disapproved, be repassed by two-thirds of both houses, as prescribed in the case of a bill.

Bribery and Influence.—SEC. 41. If any person elected to either house of the Legislative Assembly shall offer or promise to give his vote of influence in favor of or against any measure or proposition, pending or proposed to be introduced into the Legislative Assembly, in consideration or upon condition that any other person elected to the same Legislative Assembly will give, or will promise or assent to give, his vote or influence, in favor of or against any other measure or proposition pending or proposed to be introduced into such Legislative Assembly, the person making such offer or promise shall be deemed guilty of solicitation of bribery. If any member of the Legislative Assembly shall give his vote or influence for or against any measure or proposition pending or proposed to be introduced in such Legislative Assembly, or offer, promise or assent so to, upon condition that any other member will give, or will promise or assent to give his vote or influence in favor of or against any other measure or proposition pending or proposed to be introduced in such Legislative Assembly, or in consideration that any other member hath given his vote or influence for or against any other measure or proposition in such Legislative Assembly, he shall be deemed guilty of bribery, and any member of the Legislative Assembly, or person elected thereto, who shall be guilty of either such offenses, shall be expelled and shall not thereafter be eligible to the Legislative Assembly, and on the conviction thereof in the civil courts, shall be liable to such further penalty as may be prescribed by law.

SEC. 42. Any person who shall directly or indirectly offer, give or promise any money or thing of value, testimonial, privilege or personal advantage, to any executive or judicial officer or member of the Legislative Assembly, to influence him in the performance of any of his official or public duties, shall be deemed guilty of bribery, and be punished in such manner as shall be provided by law.

SEC. 43. The offense of corrupt solicitation of members of the Legislative Assembly, or of public officers of the State, or of any municipal division thereof, and the occupation or practice of solicitation of such members or officers, to influence their official action, shall be defined by law, and shall be punishable by fine and imprisonment.

Personal Interest of Members.-SEC. 44. A member who has a personal or private interest in any measure or bill proposed or pending before the Legislative Assembly shall disclose the fact to the house of which he is a member, and shall not vote thereon.

Vacancies. When vacancies occur in either house the Governor or the person exercising the functions of the Governor shall issue writs of election to fill the same: