1828.

the United States, and the Chevalier Je. Silvestre Rebello, December 12. chargé d'affaires of his Majesty the Emperor of Brazil, on the

part of their respective governments:

Now, therefore, be it known, that I, ANDREW JACKSON, President of the United States of America, have caused the said Treaty or General Convention to be made public, to the end that the same, and every clause and article thereof, may be observed and fulfilled with good faith by the United States and the citizens thereof.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand, and caused the seal of the United States to be affixed. Done at the City of Washington, this eighteenth day of March, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and twenty-nine, and of the Independence of the United States the fifty-third.

[L. S.]

By the President:

ANDREW JACKSON.

JAMES A. HAMILTON, acting Secretary of State.

7

1831.

Treaty of Amity, Commerce and Navigation between the
United States of America. and the United Mexicon States.
By the President of the United States of America. A Proclamation.
WHEREAS a treaty of amity, commerce and navigation, between the United
States of America and the United Mexican States, was concluded and signed
by the Plenipotentiaries of the two countries, at Mexico, on the fifth April,
one thousand eight hundred and thirty-one; which treaty is word for word as
follows:

The United States of America and the United Mexican States, desiring to establish upon a firm basis the relations of friendship that so happily subsist between the two Republics, have determined to fix in a clear and positive manner the rules which shall in uture be religiously observed between both, by means of a treaty of Amity, Commerce, and Navigation. For which important object, the President of the United States of America has appointed Anthony Butler, a citizen of the United States.and Chargé d'Affaires of the United States of America near the United Mexican States, with full powers; and the Vice-Preident of the United Mexican States, in the exercise of the Executive power, having conferred like full pow ers on his Excellency Lucas Alaman, Secretary of State for Home and Foreign Affairs, and his Excellency Raphael Mangino, Secretary of the Treasury; and the aforesaid Plenipotentiaries after having compared and exchanged in due form their several powers as aforesaid, have agreed upon the following articles:

April 5.

Los Estados Unidos de Object-amicable adjustment America y los Estados Unidos of commerce Mexicanos deseosos de afirmar and navigation. sobre bases solidas las relaciones de amistad y comercio que felizmente ecsisten entre ambas Repúblicas, han resuelto fijar de una manera clara y positiva las reglas que han de observarse en lo sucesivo religiosamente entre ambas, por medio de un tratado de Amistad, Comercio, y Navegacion. Para cuyo importante objeto, el Presidente de los Estados Unidos de America há conferido plenos poderes al ciudadano de los mismos Estados Antonio Butler, Encargado Negotiators. de Negocios cerca de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos; y el Vice Presidente de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos en ejercicio del poder Ejecutivo al Ecselentisimo Señor Don Lucas Alaman, Secretario de Estado y del Despacho de Relaciones Esteriores é Interiores, y al ecselentisimo Señor Don Rafael Mangino. Secretario de Estado v del Despacho de Hacienda; los cuales, despues de haber cambiado sus plenos poderes, han convenido en los articulos siguientes:

11*

1831. April 5.

Universal peace and sincere friendship.

Basis-perfect equality and reciprocity.

Freedom to visit all ports, hire

ART. 1. There shall be a firm, inviolable, and universal peace, and a true and sincere friendship between the United States of America and the United Mexican States in all the extent of their posessions and territories, and between their people and citizens respectively, without distinction of persons or places.

ART. 2. The United States of America and the United Mexican States, designing to take for the basis of their agreement the most perfect equality and reciprocity, engage mutually not to grant any particular favor to other nations in respect of commerce and navigation, which shall not immediately become common to the other party; who shall enjoy the same freely, if the concession was freely made, or upon the same conditions, if the concession was conditional.

ART. 3. The citizens of the two countries respectively warehouses,&c. shall have liberty, freely and securely to come with their vessels and cargoes to all such places, ports, and rivers of the United States of America and of the United Mexican States, to which other foreigners are permitted to come; to enter into the same and to remain and reside in any part of the said territories respectively; also, to hire and occupy houses and warehouses for the purposes of their commerce, and to trade therein, in all sorts of produce, manufactures, and merchandize; and, generally, the merchants and traders of each nation shall enjoy the most complete protection and security for their

Duties, &c.

same as most

commerce.

And they shall not pay higher or other duties, imposts, or favored nations, fees whatsoever, than those which the most favored nations are or may be obliged to pay; and shall enjoy all the rights, privileges and exemptions, with respect to navigation and commerce, which the citizens of the most favored nations do or may enjoy; but subject always to the laws, usages, and statutes of the two countries respectively.

The liberty to enter and discharge the vessels of both nations of which this article treats, shall not be understood to authorize the coasting trade, which is permitted to national vessels only.

ART. 4. No higher or other duties shall be imposed on the importation into the United Mexican States of any article the produce, growth, or manufacture of the United States of America, than those which the same or like articles, the produce, growth, or manufacture of any other foreign country do now or may hereafter pay; nor shall articles, the produce, growth, or manufacture of the United Mexican States, be sub