papers, which have found their way into these pages, are: REV. C. Springer, DR. J. N. WILSON, REV. H. M. HERVEY, REVEL EVERETT, WILLIAM WING, MRS. STADDEN, JACOB F. CONINE, DR. J. H. COULTER, REV. S. P. HILDRETH, and others. TO MR. ISAAC SMUCKER, the faithful and laborious secretary of the society, the kind-hearted gentleman, and venerable historical writer, the publisher and compiler desire to return their grateful acknowledgements, not only for many and valuable contributions, but for kindly advice and material aid, always freely extended. His large contributions to the records of the society; his well-known ability and reputation as a careful writer, which reputation is not confined to Licking county or the State of Ohio; his deep interest in historical matters, and conscientious regard for the duties of a faithful historian, mark him above all others as the man to whom the people of this county are indebted for the preservation of whatever is valuable in its history. Although accuracy beyond criticism is not claimed, yet the work will be found measurably correct and will bear careful criticism. Mr. Smucker read the proof (except the military part, read by Major Miller) and as the entire work, in all its various stages, has had his careful supervision, and a large number of its pages bear the impress of his handiwork, it is given to the public with much confidence in its accuracy. The volume contains all that is necessary to impress upon the mind of the reader a picture of the growth and development of the county, from its birth in the wilderness to its present proud position. among the rich and enlightened counties of the State. Licking county is comparatively in its youth, but has probably made more and valuable history in the last eighty years, than it will make in the next several centuries. These years have been prolific in mighty changes, not only in the history of the county, but of the world. If what is worthy of consideration in the history of the county has been rescued from oblivion, and placed in consecutive and readable form for the present generation, and future historian, the object of this work has been fully accomplished. A. A. GRAHAM, Publisher. N. N. HILL, JR., CONTENTS. HISTORY OF THE STATE OF OHIO. CHAPTER I.-Introductory, Topography, Geology, Primitive Races, Antiquities, Indian Tribes. CHAPTER II.—Explorations in the West..... CHAPTER III.-English Explorations, Traders, French and Indian War in the West, English Possession...... CHAPTER IV.-Pontiac's Conspiracy, Its Failure, Bouquet's Expedition, Occupation by the English.... CHAPTER V.-American Exploration, Dunmore's War, Campaign of George Rogers Clarke, Land Troubles, Spain in the Revolution, Murder of the Moravian Indians.. CHAPTER VI.-American Occupation, Indian Claims, Early Land Companies, Compact of 1787, Organization of the Territory, Early American Settlements in the Ohio Valley, First Territorial Officers, Organization of Counties.. CHAPTER VII.-Indian War of 1795, Harmar's Campaign, St. Clair's Campaign, Wayne's Campaign, Close of the War.. CHAPTER VIII.-Jay's Treaty, The Question of State Rights and National Supremacy, Extension of Ohio Settlements, Land Claims, Spanish Boundary Question... CHAPTER IX.-First Territorial Representatives in Congress, Division of the Territory, Formation of States, Marietta Settlement, Other Settlements, Settlements in the Western Reserve, Settlement of the Central Valleys, Further Settlements in the Reserve and elsewhere... CHAPTER X.-Formation of the State Government, Ohio a State, The State Capitals, Legislation, The "Sweeping" Resolutions.... CHAPTER XI.-The War of 1812, Growth of the State, Canal, Railroads and Other Improvements, Development of State Resources.. CHAPTER XII.-Mexican War, Continued Growth of the State, War of the Rebellion, Ohio's Part in the Conflict.. CHAPTER XIII.-Ohio in the Centennial, Address of PAGE. HISTORY OF LICKING COUNTY. CHAPTER XVII.-TOPOGRAPHY-The Channels Cut by the Branches of Licking River-The Licking ValleyThe Table Lands-The Extent and Acreage of the County-Its Primitive Surface- Prairies-SwampsPonds Lakes- The Reservoir-Springs- Running Streams-Flint Ridge-Licking Narrows and Black Hand Rock... 165 CHAPTER XVIII.-GEOLOGY.-The Position of the County Geologically-Evidences of FormerExistence of Lakes Blue Clay-Peat Bogs-Coal-Hydraulic Lime-Flint Ridge-Geology of the Eastern Portion of the County.. CHAPTER XIX.-FLORA AND FAUNA--Beauty of the Licking Valley-Varieties of Timber-Wild Grapes and other Fruits-Ginseng-The Orchard of Wild Cherry Trees-Animals- Buffalo- Elk- Panthers-Bears-Wolves--Deer-Foxes-Rabbits, and other 170 Small Animals-Wild Turkeys-Pheasants-Quails, Observation-Memorial or Monumental Mounds- 178 184 206 212 dots, Ottawas, and Delawares-Manners, Customs, Feasts, etc.-Making Sugar-Agricultural PursuitsDomestic Life-Religion-Their Removal from Ohio. 198 CHAPTER XXIII.-FIRST WHITE MEN.-Christopher Gist "Chaplain" Jones and David Duncan-Sketch of Jones' Life-"Billy" Dragoo and His AdventuresCaptain Samuel Brady and His Scouts-Judge Elliott -Sketch of Elliott's Life-An Indian Story, and First Death of a White Man in the County.... CHAPTER XXIV. THE FIRST PIONEERS-Elias Hughes and John Ratliff-Hughes as Scout and Indian Fighter-The Shooting of a Squaw by McLane-Arrival of Hughes and Ratliff on the Bowling Green-Their Subsistence-The Shooting of the Indian Horse Thieves-Erection of a Block-House-Mr. BlandGreen and Pitzer-John Van Buskirk-Isaac and John Stadden-First Marriage in the County-Isacc Stadden's Discovery of the Old Fort-Stadden's Meeting with the Fords and Benjamin-First Election in the County-Captain Samuel Elliott.......... CHAPTER XXV.-PIONEER WOMEN OF THE COUNTY. -Sarah Taylor-Catharine Stadden-Sarah DavisMrs. Harris-Mary Kemper-Mrs. Henry Smith-Jemima Thrap-Mrs. Bennett-Nancy Sutton-Mrs. Perkins-Sarah Jeffries - Naomi Tedrick - Almena Rose Bancroft-Mrs. Motherspaw-Sabra EverettSarah Duke-Susan E. Dorsey-Rebecca WolcottElizabeth Seymour--Mrs. Munson-Mary MyersMargaret Wilson-Hannah Horn-Lovina Hughes--Mina Adelia Howe-Mrs. Hoskinson-Eleanor Donivan Mary Cully-Hannah Harris-Elizabeth Shaffer -Elizabeth Moore-Sarah Harris-Rachel YoungMrs. Jacob Sperry-Sarah Robertson-Mrs. ColemanElizabeth Smootz-Mrs. Henry-Sarah Taylor-Margaret Winegarner-Mary Swigart-Sarah Miller--Elizabeth English-Matilda Coulter-Catharine Wilkin-Abigail Rowe Sarah Conine--Margaret WeaverSusan Fry-Mrs. Colville-Mrs. Ashbrook--Mrs. Brakebill-Mrs. Priest-Mrs. Stanbery-Mrs. Maholm -Elizabeth Pyle--Rachel Abbott Mrs. McMullenMrs. Henthorn-Sarah Kindle-Mrs. Spellman-Hannah Sargent Rowell-Hannah Reeves.... CHAPTER XXVI.-PIONEER TIMES.--IntroductoryWhere the Pioneers of Licking Came from-The Abundance of Food in the Forest-The Truck PatchThe Grater and Hominy Block--The Mills-The Difficulties of Milling -The Indian Pone and Johnny-Cake -The Cultivation of Domestic Animals --Bears Versus Pigs-Taming Wild Turkeys--Whiskey Shipping to New Orleans-Clothing-The Spinning Wheels and Loom-Flax and Wool--Nancy Clark's Coat-Whipping the Cat-Wolf versus Sheep-Kicking FrolicsWoman's Dress-How the Girls Put on Style in Flax Dresses White Kid Slippers-A comparison - The Log Cabin-Nails - The Furniture of the CabinPigs the Favorite Currency-Going to School-The Books, and How the Children were Taught-The Spelling Schools-The Hoosier's Nest.. CHAPTER XXVII.-PIONEER SOCIETY. - Call for a Meeting at the Court House-Organization of the 220 226 235 239 241 Society Constitution-First Election of OfficersMeetings-Pioneer Papers-Membership, etc CHAPTER XXVIII.-JOHNNY APPLESEED.. CHAPTER XXIX.-THE WELSH HILLS SETTLEMENTS. -Thomas Phillips and Sons-Theophilus Rees-Other Early Welsh Emigrants-Their Settlement in Pennsylvania-Their Purchase of Land in Granville Township-Their Appearance in the Welsh Hills-"Jimmy Johnson," the Lewises and Others-The Additions to their Numbers-Samuel White, sr.-Jonathan WhiteSamuel White, jr.-Dr. Thomas and Sons-A Few of the Settlers Subsequent to 1810-The Boundaries of the Welsh Settlement --Its Topography-Hardships and Adventures of the Emigrants--Gradual Introduction of the English Language-Their Religion-Their Patriotism and Obedience to Law and Order-Their Honesty and Adherence to the Principles of Justice Gradual Americanization... CHAPTER XXX.--HISTORICAL "SCRAPS.-Dimensions of the County-Military and Refugee lands--Primitive Government-Early Settlers and Settlements-Early Preachers Table of Churches-Number of Miles of Railroad, Turnpike and Canal-The Log-Cabin-HardCider-Coon-Skin Campaign of 1840-Early Mail Matters--Prominent Men of the County. CHAPTER XXXI.-THE OHIO CANAL.-Licking Summit the Place of Beginning--The Opening Celebration -Loan of Four Hundred Thousand Dollars Negotiated--Commencement of the Work -The First Contracts-The Granville Feeder-The Length and Course of the Canal-Its Revenue and Management. 257 CHAPTER XXXII.-RAILROADS.-Sandusky, Mansfield and Newark-Central Ohio-Baltimore and Ohio -Pan Handle-The Straitsville Road-Ohio Central. 261 CHAPTER XXXIII.-AGRICULTURE.-The Agricultural Societies of 1832 and 1848--Agricultural Statistics.... 265 CHAPTER XXXIV.-BENCH, BAR, PUBLIC BUILDINGS. Early Judicial Matters-First County Officers -First Court-William Wilson-Samuel Bancroft- CHAPTER XXXV.-STATISTICAL.-Date of Settlement CHAPTER XXXVI.-LITERARY PEOPLE OF THE COUN- CHAPTER XXXVIII.-THE WAR OF THE REBELLION 247 274 282 287 291 PAGE. -The Causes of the War-The Patriotism and Zeal of Company F, Ninety-fifth Ohio Infantry-Companies ....... HISTORY OF THE TOWNSHIPS. CHAPTER XLIII.-BENNINGTON TOWNSHIP-Organization and Location-Topography-Timber-Soil-Indians-White Settlers--Appleton and the "Cook Settlement"-General Rosecrans as a Clerk-Lock 298 327 342 365 397 Mills-School-Houses-Churches....... CHAPTER XLIV.-BOWLING GREEN TOWNSHIP--Organization-Ancient Works-Indians, Agriculture and Topography-First Settlers and Settlements-The National Road-The Stages and Pony Express LineThe Villages on the Road-Religious Matters-The Methodist Church of Linnville-The Methodist Episcopal Church of Brownsville-The Protestant Methodist Church of Brownsville-Catholic Church-Presbyterian Church of Brownsville-Baptist Church-The United Brethren and Christian Union Churches-Pioneer Preachers-Justices of the Peace--Post Offices and Postmasters-Population-Vote-Prominent Men. 401 CHAPTER XLV.-BURLINGTON TOWNSHIP-Organiza tion and Location-Origin of the Name-Topography 405 PAGE. CHAPTER XLVI. EDEN TOWNSHIP. Location-Mound Builders and Indians--Topography--Natural Scenery--Picture Rocks-Rain Rock-Hunting ground -Organization-The Pioneers-Mills-First RoadCoal--Villages- First Schools-Churches... CHAPTER XLVII-ETNA TOWNSHIP.-Location- To pography-First Settlers and Settlements--Organization--Township Officers-Etna Wagram-The Church es...... CHAPTER XLVIII.---Fallsbury Township.-LocationStreams, Timber and Soil - Topography-"Rent Rocks"--Primitive condition--Mound Builders and Indians--First Settlers and Settlements--First Township Officers - Prominent Politicians -- Fallsburg Postmasters Mills-Churches. - Mound CHAPTER XLIX.--FRANKLIN TOWNSHIP. Builders' Works -Survey--Topography--Settlers and Settlements-Characteristics of the people--Public Officials Mineral Deposits-Schools-Churches and Religious Matters-A Pioneer Camp Meeting..... CHAPTER L.--GRANVILLE TOWNSHIP.-Character of the Settlement-Grganization-Topography-Indians -Ancient Works-The First Settlement-Jones, the Fords and Benjamin-Meeting with Isaac Stadden in Ramp Creek Valley-A Discrepancy in Dates-First Cabins-Welsh Hills Settlers-First Birth and Death -A Sketch of Jones' Life-Cane Presentation-Settlers of 1803 and 1804-Coming of the Granville Colony-Its Origin-Organization in Granville, Massachusetts-Purchase of Land in Ohio-The Articles of Association and Subscribers thereto--The Board of Trustees-Character of the Colonists-General Augustine Munson; Something of his Life and Matters Connected Therewith-Arrival of the Colony in OhioTheir First Religious Service-Amount, Location and Survey of the Land--Location of the Village-Public Sale of the Land-First Church and School-houseThe Church Organization of the Colonists--Other Churches in the Township...... CHAPTER LI.-GRANVILLE CONTINUED.-An Important Legal Instrument-Early Mills-First Farm House -First Birth and Marriage in Granville-First Cemetery and First Burial-Music-Early Doctors-First Court in the County-William Wing and his Contribution-The Licking Exporting Company-Prices of Produce and Other Things-Ohio Canal--Mr. Briggs' Paper-The "Wanderer"-"The Granville Intelligencer"-"Licking Bee"- The "Denisonian" - The "Hebarium"-The "Collegian"- The "Granville Times"-The Dead Pioneers-First Postmaster-The Granville Alexandrian Society-The Granville Furnace -The Forge--Distilleries- Oil-Mill-Salt Well --Various Other Business Matters in the Early Days of Granville-The Clock Factory-Military Matters-First Merchants-Charles Sawyer-Later Merchants-Abolition Troubles-Snakes-Living Descendants of the Pioneers-First Masonic Lodge-Water Works-Present Business... CHAPTER LII.-GRANVILLE; INSTITUTIONS OF LEARNING. An Educational Center- First Schools and 409 413 417 420 425 440 PAGE. 449 School-Houses-The Granville Female College-The Granville Female Institute-Denison University..... CHAPTER LIII.-HANOVER TOWNSHIP.-Location and Physical Features-Mound Builders-Indians-Topography-First White Men- The Pioneers- The Denmans-The Wellses and Hollisters-Township Organization-Religion--Rev. Joseph Thrap - First Church-Other Churches-Boston-Hanover Village -Toboso-The First Table in Licking Valley........ 458 CHAPTER LIV.-HARTFORD TOWNSHIP.-LocationTopography-Mounds-Indians-First Settlers and Settlements-Organization- First Election-A Number of First Things-Churches-Tornadoes-Justices of the Peace-Halcyon Academy-A. B. Clark on the Abolition Riots and Things in General ....... 464 CHAPTER LV.-HARRISON TOWNSHIP-TopographyIndians and Mound Builders-Organization-First Settlers and Settlements-"Hog Ward"-The Great Wolf Hunt-Squirrel Hunts-Kirkersville-Kirkersville Station-Churches CHAPTER LVI.-HOPEWELL TOWNSHIP-Flint Ridge, its Situation, Topography and Ethnology-Mound Builders, Indians, and Wild Animals-Archæology of Flint Ridge Location and Topography of the Township-First Settlers-Organization-Justices of the Peace-Villages-Churches-Postmasters-Agricultur al Societies... CHAPTER LVII.-JERSEY TOWNSHIP-Jocation and Topography-Mound Builders-Indians-Settlers and Settlements-Sketches of the Pioneers-A Number of First Things-Origin of the Name of the Township-Organization- First Officers - First Schools and Teachers-Jersey Village-Churches..... CHAPTER LVIII.--LIBERTY TOWNSHIP-Organization -Location-Early Hunting Ground-Mounds-First Settlers and Settlements-First Township OfficersTopography-Villages-Churches.. CHAPTER LIX.-LICKING TOWNSHIP-Works of the Mound Builders-Examination of a Mound by Professor Marsh-Indians-Location and Topography--Organization-The Pioneers-Judge Brumback on Hog Run-Biographical Notices of a Few Prominent Settlers-Rev. Asa Shinn-Churches and Religious Matters-Ohio Canal and National Road-JacksontownVan Buren-Avondale-Some of the Justices of the Peace-A Few Additional Settlers.. CHAPTER LX.-LIMA TOWNSHIP-Topography and Primitive Condition-Indians-First Settlers and Settlements-Columbia Center-Pataskala-Mills-Sum ...... mit Station-Churches....... CHAPTER LXI.-MADISON TOWNSHIP-Ancient Works -Indians-Topography--First Settlers--John Larabee -Mrs. Stadden's Recollections--John Channel-Blockhouse-Organization of the Township--First SchoolTunis Cole as a Teacher--Mills-The Beauty of Licking Valley-First Preachers-First Sunday-school and Church-Churches of the Township.... CHAPTER LXII.-MARY ANN TOWNSHIP-Ancient Mounds--Primitive Condition--Location-Name--Indians-Topography -The Pioneers-First Township 471 477 482 +87 489 497 503 PAGE. Officers-James Maxwell's Adventure-Mary Ann Furnace-Counterfeiters Arrested-The Hermit-Wilkins' Corners-Rocky Fork Post Office-Churches.. ... CHAPTER LXIII.-MCKEAN TOWNSHIP--Mound Builders-Indians-Survey-Topography--First Settlers and Settlements-First Election-Mills-First SchoolsVillages Early Justices of the Peace-Prominent Early Settlers-Churches and Religious Matters....... CHAPTER LXIV.-MONROE TOWNSHIP-Organization -First Officers-Topography-Indians-First Settlers Mounds, 510 514 518 -Johnstown-First Marriages-Churches....... Its Indian History - Organization - Topography- CHAPTER LXVII.-NEWARK TOWNSHIP AND CITY- tant German CHAPTER LXIX-THE CHURCHES OF NEWARK TOWNSHIP AND CITY-The First Presbyterian--The SecondPresbyterian Episcopal Methodist-Baptist-ProtesEpiscopal Calvinistic Methodist Lutheran Welsh Calvinistic Methodist--Welsh Congregational-American Episcopal Methodist-Catholic -German Methodist-German Presbyterian--Christian Union-Second Advent-New Jerusalem (Swedenborgian) English Congregational.... CHAPTER LXX.-NEWTON TOWNSHIP. -Mound Builders--Indians-Streams and Springs -Soil and Timber -First Settlers and Settlements-First Schools-First Mill The Pioneer Preachers-The "Jerks"-Rev. James B. Finley-The Churches -Camp MeetingsFairfield Chatham-St. Louisville-Vanattaburg First Post Office-County Officers from the Township - Incidents of Pioneer Times- William Kinning -Zachariah Albaugh -General John Spencer-Colonel William Spencer.. 529 534 545 554 577 |