WORK STOPPAGES: 1940 TO 1966

No. 353. [Prior to 1959, excludes Alaska, and 1960, Hawaii. Excludes work stoppages involving fewer than 6 workers or lasting less than 1 day. Information obtained directly from companies and unions involved as well as from various Government labor boards, conciliation services, and other neutral parties. See also Historical Statistics, Colonial Times to 1957, series D 764-769 and D 774]

1 Workers counted more than once if involved in more than 1 stoppage during year. Total employed workers for 1940-1950 refers to all workers except those in occupations and professions in which there is little if any union organization or in which stoppages rarely if ever occur. In 1951, concept was changed to coincide with the Bureau of Labor Statistics figures for nonagricultural employment, excluding Government but including workers in all occupational groups. Tests show that percentage of total idleness computed on basis of these new figures usually differs by less than one-tenth of a point, while percentage of workers idle differs by about 0.5 or 0.6 of a point.

Estimated working time computed by multiplying average number of employed workers (see footnote 2) by number of days worked by most employees.

Source: Dept. of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics; June or July issues of Monthly Labor Review, and annual bulletin, Analysis of Work Stoppages.

No. 354.

WORK STOPPAGES MAJOR ISSUES AND DURATION: 1964 TO 1966 [Includes Alaska and Hawail. See headnote, table 353. Issues data based on stoppages beginning in year; duration data on stoppages ending in year. See Historical Statistics, Colonial Times to 1957, series D 770-778, for related but not comparable data]

1 Workers counted more than once if involved in more than 1 stoppage during year.

Source: Dept. of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics; June or July issues of Monthly Labor Review, and annual bulletin, Analysis of Work Stoppages.

Represents zero.

Z Less than 500.

1 Workers counted more than once if involved in more than 1 stoppage during year.

Source: Dept. of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics; May (1951 and 1956), thereafter; June or July issues of Monthly Labor Review, and annual bulletin, Analysis of Work Stoppages.

No. 356. WORK STOPPAGES, BY STATES: 1964 TO 1966

[See headnote, table 353. Work stoppages affecting more than 1 State are counted as separate stoppages in each State affected, and workers involved and man-days idle are allocated among the appropriate States]

Source: Dept. of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics; annual bulletin, Analysis of Work Stoppages; release, Work Stoppages by State; and Monthly Labor Review.

Section 9

National Defense and Veterans Affairs

This section presents statistics on national defense and its human and financial costs; military personnel, ships, and aircraft; Selective Service operations; and various Federally sponsored programs and benefits for veterans. The principal sources of these data are the Office of the Secretary of Defense; annual reports of the Departments of the Army, Navy, and Air Force; the Selective Service System; Annual Report of the Administrator of Veterans Affairs, Veterans Administration; and Budget of the United States Government, Bureau of the Budget. Data on veterans also appear in reports of the Census of Population, conducted by the Bureau of the Census.

Department of Defense.-Until 1947, the Army, Navy, and Air Force operated under independent jurisdiction, answering only to the Commander-in-Chief, the President of the United States. In 1947, passage of the National Security Act resulted in the National Military Establishment, organized to provide for the coordination and unified direction of the Army, Navy, and Air Force under a civilian Secretary of Defense. The three services remained separately administered, however, and each retained its Department status. Amendments to the Act in 1949 redesignated the National Military Establishment as the Department of Defense.

Selective Service.-The Selective Service System is responsible for the registration, classification, selection, forwarding for examination, and delivery for induction into the Armed Forces of all men required to register under the Universal Military and Training Act, as amended. The act requires all men in the United States between the ages of 18 and 26 to register, and makes those between 18% and 26 years old liable for service in the Armed Forces. It also provides exemptions from service or deferments for reasons of previous service, essential occupation, etc. Deferred persons remain liable for service until they reach 35 years of age. Selective Service is also authorized to determine availability of members of the Standby Reserve of the Armed Forces for order to active duty in time of war or national emergency.

Reserve components.-The reserve components of the Armed Forces are the Army National Guard, Army Reserve, Naval Reserve, Marine Corps Reserve, Air National Guard, Air Force Reserve, and Coast Guard Reserve. The purpose of the reserve components is to provide trained personnel available for active duty in the Armed Forces in time of war or national emergency and at such other times as required by the National security. Whenever Congress determines that more personnel are needed for the National security than are in the regular ground, sea, and air forces, units of the reserve components are ordered to active duty and retained as long as needed.

The National Guard has dual Federal-State responsibilities and uses jointly provided equipment, facilities, and budget support. In peace time, the National Guard is State-administered, under command of the State Governors. The State mission is to provide units organized, trained, and equipped to protect life and property and to preserve peace, order, and public safety. The Federal mission is to provide units capable and ready for mobilization in time of war or national emergency to support the Army and Air Forces. The President is also empowered to federalize the National Guard and to use such of the Armed Forces as he considers necessary to quell insurrection in any State against its government, to enforce Federal authority in any State, and to suppress interference with the execution of State and Federal law in a State by insurrection, violence, or conspiracy.

Veterans Administration.-The Veterans Administration administers laws authorizing benefits for eligible former and present members of the Armed Forces, and for the beneficiaries of deceased former members. Veterans benefits available under vari

ous acts of Congress include: Compensation for service-connected disability or death; pensions for nonservice-connected disability or death; vocational rehabilitation for service-connected disability; education and training; guaranty or insurance of home, farm, and business loans; U.S. Government and National Service Life Insurance; hospitalization; domiciliary care; nursing home care; out-patient medical and dental care for service-connected disability; prosthetic and other appliances; special housing and automobiles or other conveyances for certain disabled veterans; burial allowances; and educational assistance to sons and daughters of deceased or totally disabled veterans.

Estimates of veterans in civil life as published by the Veterans Administration generally cover all persons with war service and include those living outside the United States. Similar data from the Bureau of the Census relate to civilian males, 14 years old and over, who live in the United States and who have served in the Armed Forces, whether in war or peacetime.

Historical statistics.-Tabular headnotes provide cross-references, where applicable, to Historical Statistics of the United States, Colonial Times to 1957. See preface.

No. 357. Budget Expenditures for National DefenSE AND VETERANS BENEFITS AND SERVICES: 1930 To 1968

[In millions of dollars, except percent. Refers to Federal administrative budget for years ending June 30. Includes expenditures of Department of Defense, Veterans Administration, and other agencies for activities primarily related to national defense and veterans programs. See also Historical Statistics, Colonial Times to 1957, series Y 357-358 and Y 360]

Source: Executive Office of the President, Bureau of the Budget; Budget of the United States Government.