Q. When fishing vessels and open boats are at anchor, or attached to their nets and stationary, what lights must they exhibit? A. Two vertical white lights. Q. If a vessel is forced to anchor on drift net fishing ground, what lights must she show? A. Two horizontal white lights, 3 feet apart. Q. May open boats use a flare-up? A. Yes. Q. Is this flare-up instead of the lantern with the coloured slides. Or is it in addition to it? A. It is in addition to the lantern with coloured slides. Q. FOG SIGNALS. You are at anchor in a fog, in either steamer or sailing vessel ? A. Ring a bell at least every 5 minutes. (Art. 10 c.) Q. You are under weigh in a sailing ship; it is a fog? A. Blow a fog horn at least every 5 minutes. (Art. 10 b.) Q. What other precautions can you take? A. Keep the ship under easy sail. And, if in soundings, frequently take a cast of the lead. Q. You are in a steamer, under steam, in a fog? A. Blow the steam whistle at least every 5 minutes. Go slow. Q. At what height above the deck, and where is the steam whistle to be placed? A. Not less than 8 feet above the deck. Before the funnel. REGULATIONS FOR PREVENTING COLLISIONS AT SEA. Art. 1. In the following Rules, every Steam Ship which is under Sail, and not under Steam, is to be considered a Sailing Ship; and every Steam Ship which is under Steam, whether under Sail or not, is to be considered a Ship under Steam. RULES CONCERNING LIGHTS. Art. 2. The lights mentioned in the following Articles, numbered 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9, and no others, shall be carried in all Weathers, from Sunset to Sunrise. Art. 3. Seagoing Steam Ships when under weigh shall carry : (a) At the Foremast Head, a bright White Light, so fixed as to show an uniform and unbroken Light over an Arc of the Horizon of 20 Points of the Compass; so fixed as to throw the Light 10 Points on each Side of the Ship, viz., from right ahead to 2 Points abaft the Beam on either Side; and of such a Character as to be visible on a dark Night, with a clear Atmosphere, at a Distance of at least Five Miles: (b) On the Starboard Side, a Green Light so constructed as to show an uniform and unbroken Light over an Arc of the Horizon of 10 Points of the Compass; so fixed as to throw the Light from right ahead to 2 Points abaft the Beam on the Starboard Side; and of such a character as to be visible on a dark Night, with a clear Atmosphere, at a Distance of at least Two Miles : (c) On the Port Side, a Red Light, so constructed as to show an uniform and unbroken Light over an Arc of the Horizon of 10 Points of the Compass; so fixed as to throw the Light from right ahead to 2 Points abaft the beam on the Port Side; and of such a Character as to be visible on a dark Night, with a clear Atmosphere, at a Distance of at least Two Miles; (d) The said Green and Red Side Lights shall be fitted with inboard Screens, projecting at least Three Feet forward from the Light, so as to prevent these Lights from being seen across the bows. Art. 4. Steam Ships, when towing other Ships, shall carry Two bright White Mast-head Lights vertically, in addition to their Side Lights, so as to distinguish them from other Steam Ships. Each of these Mast-head Ltghts shall be of the same Construction and Character as the Mast-head Lights which other Steam Ships are required to carry. Art. 5. Sailing Ships under weigh, or being towed, shall carry the same Lights as Steam Ships under weigh, with the exception of the White Mast-head Lights, which they shall never carry. Art. 6. Whenever, as in the case of small vessels during bad weather, the Green and Red Lights cannot be fixed, these Lights shall be kept on deck, on their respective sides of the vessel, ready for instant exhibition; and shall, on the approach of or to other vessels, be exhibited on their respective sides in sufficient time to prevent collision, in such manner as to make them most visible, and so that the Green Light shall not be seen on the Port Side, nor the Red Light on the Starboard Side. To make the Use of these portable Lights more certain and easy, the Lanterns containing them shall be painted Outside with the Colour of the Light they respectively contain, and shall be provided with suitable Screens. Art. 7. Ships, whether Steam Ships or Sailing Ships, when at anchor in Roadsteads or Fairways, shall exhibit, where it can best be seen, but at a Height not exceeding Twenty Feet above the hull, a White Light, in a globular lantern of eight inches in diameter, and so constructed as to show a clear, uniform, and unbroken Light, visible all round the horizon, and at a distance of at least One Mile. Art. 8. Sailing Pilot Vessels shall not carry the Lights required for other Sailing Vessels, but shall carry a White Light at the Mast-head, visible all round the Horizon,-and shall also exhibit a Flare-up Light every Fifteen Minutes. Art. 9. Open Fishing Boats and other open Boats shall not be required to carry the Side Lights required for other vessels; but shall, if they do not carry such Lights, carry a Lantern having a Green Slide on the one side and a Red Slide on the other side; and on the approach of or to other vessels, such Lantern shall be exhibited in sufficient time to prevent collision, so that the Green Light shall not be seen on the Port Side, nor the Red Light on the Starboard Side. Fishing Vessels and open Boats when at anchor, or attached to their nets and stationary, shall exhibit a bright White Light. By the Sea Fisheries' Act, 1868, Fishing Boats with drift nets are required to carry Two Lights vertically on one of their masts, at a distance of Three Feet apart. Fishing Vessels and open Boats shall, however, not be prevented from using a Flare-up in addition, if considered expedient. RULES CONCERNING FOG SIGNALS. Art. 10. Whenever there is fog, whether by Day for Night, the Fog Signals described below shall be carried and used, and shall be sounded at least every Five Minutes, viz. : (a) Steam Ships under weigh shall use a Steam Whistle placed before the funnel, not less than eight feet from the deck: (b) Sailing Ships under weigh shall use a Fog Horn: (c) Steam Ships and Sailing Ships when not under weigh shall use a Bell. STEERING AND SAILING RULES. Art. 11. If two Sailing Ships are meeting end on, or nearly end on, so as to involve risk of Collision, the Helms of both shall be put to Port, so that each may pass on the Port side of the other. Art. 12. When two Sailing Ships are crossing so as to involve risk of collision, then, if they have the wind on different sides, the ship with the wind on the Port side shall keep out of the way of the ship with the wind on the Starboard side; except in the case in which the ship with the wind on the Port side is close hauled, and the other ship free, in which case the latter ship shall keep out of the way; but if they have the wind on the same side, or if one of them has the wind aft, the ship which is to windward shall keep out of the way of the ship which is to leeward. Art. 13. If two Ships under Steam are meeting end on, or nearly end on, so as to involve risk of collision, the helms of both shall be put to port, so that each may pass on the Port side of the other. Art. 14. If two Ships under Steam are crossing so as to involve risk of collision, the ship which has the other on her own Starboard side shall keep out of the way of the other. Art. 15. If two Ships, one of which is a Sailing Ship, and the other a Steam Ship, are proceeding in such directions as to involve risk of collision, the Steam Ship shall keep out of the way of the Sailing Ship. Art. 16. Every Steam Ship, when approaching another Ship so as to involve risk of collision, shall slacken her speed, or, if necessary, stop and reverse; and every Steam Ship shall, when in a fog, go at a moderate speed. Art. 17. Every vessel overtaking any other vessel, shall keep out of the way of the said last-mentioned vessel. Art. 18. Where, by the above rules one of two ships is to keep out of the way, the other shall keep her course, subject to the qualifications contained in the following Article. Art. 19. In obeying and construing these Rules, due regard must be had to all Dangers of Navigation; and due regard must also be had to any special circumstances which may exist in any particular case rendering a departure from the above Rules necessary in order to avoid immediate danger. Art. 20. Nothing in these Rules shall exonerate any Ship, or the Owner, or Master, or Crew thereof, from the consequences of any neglect to carry Lights or Signals, or of any neglect to keep a proper look-out, or of the neglect of any precaution which may be required by the ordinary practice of seamen, or by the special circumstances of the case. Whereas there has been doubt or misapprehension concerning the effect of the said two articles : And whereas the Admiralty and the Board of Trade have jointly recommended to Her Majesty to make the following additions to the said regulations for the purpose of explaining the said recited articles, and of removing the said doubt and misapprehension : Now, therefore, Her Majesty, by virtue of the powers vested in Her by the said recited Act, and by and with the advice of Her Privy Council, is pleased to make the following additions to the said regulations by way of explanation of the said two recited articles; that is to say, The said two articles, numbering 11 and 13 respectively, only apply to cases where ships are meeting end on, or nearly end on, in such a manner as to involve risk of collision. They consequently do not apply to two ships which must, if they both keep on their respective courses, pass clear of each other. The only cases in which the said two articles apply are when each of the two ships is end on, or nearly end on, to the other; in other words, to cases in which by day each ship sees the masts of the other in a line, or nearly in a line, with her own; and by night to cases in which each ship is in such a position as to see both the side lights of the other. The said two articles do not apply by day to cases in which a ship sees another ahead crossing her own course; or by night to cases where the red light of one ship is opposed to the red light of the other; or where the green light of one ship is opposed to the green light of the other; or where a red light without a green light, or a green light without a red light, is seen ahead; or where both green and red lights are seen anywhere but ahead. AIDS TO MEMORY, IN FOUR VERSES. By THOMAS GRAY. Q. Repeat Aids to Memory in Four Verses? A. 1. Two Steam Ships meeting. When both side Lights you see ahead— 2. Two Steam Ships passing. GREEN to GREEN-or, RED to RED- 3. Two Steam Ships crossing. NOTE. This is the position af greatest danger; there is nothing for it but good look-out, caution, and judgment. |