Court may order sentences executed in house of correction. Wherever any person is convicted of any offense against the United States which is punishable by fine and imprisonment, or by either, the court by which the sentence is passed may order the sentence to be executed in any house of correction or house of reformation for juvenile delinquents within the state or district where such court is held, the use of which is authorized by the legislature of the state for such purpose. [Sec. 5548, Rev. Stats. of United States.]

Confinement of juvenile offenders.

Juvenile offenders against the laws of the United States, being under the age of sixteen years, and who may hereafter be convicted of crime, the punishment whereof is imprisonment, shall be confined during the term of sentence in some house of refuge to be designated by the attorney general, and shall be transported and delivered to the warden or keeper of such house of refuge by the marshal of the district where such conviction has occurred; or if such conviction be had in the District of Columbia, then the transportation and delivery shall be by the warden of the jail of that district, and the reasonable actual expense of the transportation, necessary subsistence, and hire, and transportation of assistants and the marshal or warden, only, shall be paid by the attorney general, out of the judiciary fund. [Sec. 5549, Rev. Stats. of United States.]

Attorney general to contract for their subsistence.

The attorney general shall contract with the managers or persons having control of such houses of refuge for the imprisonment, subsistence, and proper employment of all such juvenile offenders, and shall give the several courts of the United States and of the District of Columbia notice of the places so provided for the confinement of such offenders; and they shall be sentenced to confinement in the house of refuge nearest the place of conviction so designated by the attorney general. [Sec. 5550, Rev. Stats. of United States.]

Poor convicts sentenced and imprisoned for fines.

When a poor convict, sentenced by any court of the United States to pay a fine, or fine and cost, whether with or without imprisonment, has been confined in prison thirty days, solely

for the non-payment of such fine, or fine and cost, he may make application in writing to any commissioner of the United States court in the district where he is imprisoned, setting forth his inability to pay such fine, or fine and cost, and after notice to the district attorney of the United States, who may appear, offer evidence, and be heard, the commissioner shall proceed to hear and determine the matter; and if on examination it shall appear to him that such convict is unable to pay such fine, or fine and cost, and that he has not any property exceed-| ing twenty dollars in value, except such as is by law exempt from being taken on execution for debt, the commissioner shall administer to him the following oath: "I do solemnly swear that I have not any property, real or personal, to the amount of twenty dollars, except such as is by law exempt from being taken on civil precept for debt by the laws of California; and that I have no property in any way conveyed or concealed, or in any way disposed of, for my future use or benefit. So help me God." And thereupon such convict shall be discharged, the commissioner giving to the jailer or keeper of the jail a certificate setting forth the facts. [Sec. 1042, Rev. Stats. of United States.]

THE DISCIPLINE OF CONVICTS.

DISCIPLINE OF CONVICTS.

Convict labor.

A. CONVICT LABOR.

SEC. 6. After the first day of January, eighteen hundred and eighty-two, the labor of convicts shall not be let out by contract to any person, copartnership, company, or corporation, and the legislature shall, by law, provide for the working of convicts for the benefit of the state. [Const. Cal., art. X.]

Employment of convicts.

SEC. 1586. All convicts may be employed by authority of the board of directors, under charge of the wardens respectively and such skilled foremen as he may deem necessary in the performance of work for the state, or in the manufacture of any article or articles for the state, or the manufacture of which is sanctioned by law. At San Quentin no articles shall be manufactured for sale except jute fabrics. At Folsom after the completion of the dam and canal the board may commence the erection of structures for jute manufacturing purposes. The board of directors are hereby authorized to purchase from time to time such tools, machinery, and materials, and to direct the employment of such skilled foremen as may be necessary to carry out the provisions of this section, and to dispose of the articles manufactured, and not needed by the state, for cash, at private sale, in such manner as provided by law. [Pen. Code.]

Labor of prisoners.

SEC. 1588. The state board of prison directors shall require of every able-bodied convict confined in a state prison as many hours of faithful labor in each and every day during his term of imprisonment as shall be prescribed by the rules and regulations of the prison. * ** [Pen. Code. ]

Unlawful employment of prisoners.

SECTION 1. No inmate of any state institution shall be employed in the manufacture or production, of any article, intended