Enumeration, time allowed, 35, 36, 104; examination of returns to insure com-
pleteness, 36, 37, 183; faulty returns and padding, 37; complaints of under
enumeration, 37; division into districts, 40; estimated cost, 173, 199-215; use
of county and other agencies of Department of Agriculture, 112–115; pay-
ment of compensation by regional disbursing officers, 200; compensation of
enumerators-see Compensation; requires 3 to 6 months, 305, 314; regarding
night work, 311; regarding assistance of Post Office Department, 312; as
affected by date of census, 313, 314, 315.
Enumerators, number, 1, 34; appointment, 19-22, 29, 49, 56, 187; pay insufficient
in 1920 and 1925, 29, 30, 33, 34, 35, 132, 290, 310, 312; compensation in 1930,
30-35; differential because of area, 30; piece price rates versus per diem, 31, 32,
35; to consider all conditions in making rates for 1930 census, 31, 32, 35; rate
of pay covers allowance for expenses, 32, 311, 312; better class through more
equitable rates, 33; high rates might cause too much pressure to secure appoint-
ment, 33; adjustable rates economical, 34; length of employment, 35, 36; test
and instruction, 37, 177; supervisor approves claims, 37; local men selected, 41;
regarding assistance of county agents, 112–115; Department of Agriculture
recommends higher pay, 132; quality of enumerators, 182; estimated cost 173,
212; adequate compensation, 188, 208, 217; payment by regional disbursing
officers, 200; table showing estimated compensation by States, 212; rates
of pay not specified in census act, 310; whether obtain better enumerators
in November or April, 310; all applicants not desirable, 310; rates of pay
different in different sections, 311, 312; shortage in 1920 because of poor pay,
312; rates of pay at previous censuses, 318.
Ex-service men and wives, preference under census bill, 16–19, 24; statutory
provision and benefits, 24, 25; certified without regard to State apportionment,
25.
Farmers, definition, 45; Government should aid, 84; regarding convenient date
for census, 89, 90, 101; benefits from agricultural statistics, 133, 134; interested
in marketing and distribution, 134, 135; outlook reports of Department of
Agriculture have hurt, 137-139; estimates of prices received, 151, 152; dis-
cussion and chart on movement from farms, 244–260, 262, 264; tenant farmers
and croppers, 90, 99, 246-260, 262-264, 307, 308; landlord could furnish data
for tenants, 250-259; regarding training in reporting data, 91, 93, 258.
Farm income, dairy products represent one-fourth, 111, 112; farmers' chief
interest in statistical data, 133, 135; best cultural methods bring highest net
return, 136; estimates of quarterly prices, 151, 152; value of crops in census,
151.
Farm indebtedness and farm mortgages, inquiries regarding, 44; difficulty in
obtaining, 44-48; regarding securing data from county clerks, 45-47.
Farm labor, charts in re labor employed and family labor, 94, 95; based on reports
of crop reporters and questionnaires, 94; seasonal work, 94; rates paid, 178, 179.
Farm population, charts of Department of Agriculture, 94, 95, 145-147; per cent
tenant farmers represent, 148, 149.
Farm products, should be included in distribution census, 73; statistics on prices
by quarters, 151, 152; census statistics on value, 151.
Federal census, in re superseding State censuses, 48.
Federal land bank, furnish data on investments of farmers, 46.
Fifteenth Census, provisions of, 1, 2, 8, 16; in re appropriation, 34, 35.
Force, temporary, appointment of, 9, 16.
Foreign born, data important to Immigration Committee, 297.
Foreign censuses, regarding methods and technique, 37, 38, 101.
Foreign exports, have statistics regarding, 83.
Frauds in returns, checks to discover, 12–15.
Fruit crop, distribution, 76; harvesting 235, 236, 238, 239.
Gage, Charles E., remarks by, 226, 227.
Gasoline and petroleum products, quantity distributed as well as price important,
123, 156.
Gay, Dr. Edwin F., remarks on distribution census, 81-86.
Gosnell, Fred A., remarks by, 20, 31-38, 50, 52, 56, 104, 114, 121-123, 125–127,
172–174, 184–189, 191, 194, 195, 200-214, 216, 217, 265, 285–287.
Gray, Dr. L. C., remarks by, 147-149.
Guam, inclusion in 1930 census, 2; agricultural census, 191, 194, 196; estimated
cost, 202.
Harlan, Charles L., remarks by, 238.
Harvard University, special studies on distribution, 84, 85; only large concerns
cooperated, 85; interesting samples, 85; lacked authority, 85.
Hawaii, inclusion in census of 1930, 2, 191; regarding census of agriculture,
190-194, 196; organic act in regard to general appropriations, 190; estimated
cost, 202.
Hill, Dr. Joseph A., remarks by, 1-11, 13, 14, 16, 19-24, 29-31, 34-38, 41-48,
50, 78, 80, 81, 99, 100-106, 113, 115, 121, 128, 143, 147, 150, 152, 171, 174–177,
179-184, 191, 192, 194–196, 198, 199, 201–203, 216, 217, 233–235, 246–249,
251.
Hirsh, Arthur J., remarks by, 5-8, 10, 16, 19, 20, 22, 23, 29, 40, 50, 197.
Hoover, Hon. Herbert, Secretary of Commerce, letter regarding distribution
census, XXIII-XXV; need for distribution data, 165; one of his finest con-
tributions was distribution census, 241; joint letter regarding date of census,
298, 299.
Houston, Hon. Victor S. K., remarks by, 190–194.
Interpreters, appointment, 19, 21, 22, 29, 56; compensation, 29, 34, 49, 184;
number and need for, 173, 174.
Illiteracy, tests suggested, 175–177.
Illiterates, transcribing information concerning, 319, 320.
Immigration, in its relation to population census inquiries, 297, 298; people
illegally in United States, 298.
Irrigation, include in census act, 292-294, 309, 310, 313, 315; area important for
reclamation purposes, 309, 310.
Jardine, Hon. W. M., Secretary of Agriculture. letter transmitting recommenda-
tions regarding census of agriculture, 266–284; joint letter regarding date of
census, 298, 299.
Joint agricultural commission, valuable contribution to data on agricultural
conditions, 243.
Kreutzer, George C., statement regarding reclamation in relation to irrigation
and drainage, 309.
Labor, decrease in labor employed, 70; regarding increase in cost, 70.
Land value, regarding correct data on, 44-48.
Literacy, practicability of tests, 175-183, 296.
Livestock, with regard to census in spring, 99, 100; statistics with regard to
dairying, 109, 110, 111, 117-119; chart and discussion regarding, 229-235,
237; slaughtering on farms, 237, 238.
Loomis, A. M., remarks by, 107-121.
Manufactured goods, sales and handling to be covered in distribution census, 2;
manufactures census covers production only, 67; manufacturer claims he can
make no money, 69.
Manufactures census, advantage of, 69; census of 1925, 69; increase 1923 to
1925, 69; production increased, 70; increased use of machinery, 71; scope, 124;
biennial, 293.
Massachusetts, foreign population with reference to interpreters, 179.
Matter, John H., remarks by, 153–170.
Mexicans, regarding enumeration of, 300, 301, 316; concerning inclusion in popu-
lation, 301, 302, 316; necessity for special instructions for enumeration (tem-
porary and permanent residents) in 1930, 316, 317; concentrated in border
counties largely, 316, 317; excerpt from report of Commissioner General of
Immigration, 316.
Military and naval forces, enlisted men and officers may be appointed to enu-
merate, 29.
Milk, report quantity by pounds not gallons, 120.
Minerals, not included in distribution census, 76.
Mines, include in census act, 292, 293, 294, 309, 313, 315.
Minor civil divisions, number of, 295.
Morgan, Herbert E., remarks by, 17-19, 24–28, 57–61.
Mortgage loans, difficult to obtain data on, 45-47.
Mother tongue, data important to Immigration Committee, 297.
National distribution conference, desires information on sales, 153.
National Education Association, literary test suggested, 180, 181.
Naturalization, in its relation to population census inquiries, 297.
New York State census, rate of pay compared with Federal census, 34; regarding
Federal supervision, 48.
New York State Farm Bureau Federation, urging census of agriculture in fall or
winter, 307, 308.
Official census, subject to approval by Congress, 9-15.
Ogg, W. R., remarks by, 86-98, 106; letter, 290, 291.
Olsen, Nils A., remarks by, 129-142, 145, 147, 148, 218-239, 244-266, 284, 286-290.
Oranges, distribution, 75.
Outlook report, Department of Agriculture, in re supply and demand, 136-138;
depress prices, 137-140.
Padding returns, checks to discover, 12-15.
Panama Canal Zone, inclusion in census, 2; estimated cost, 202.
Peaches, harvested, 94; farmers planting without regard to market, 135.
Philippine Islands, regarding census of, 2, 23, 24; regarding census of agriculture,
192-197, 198, 208, 209, 287; Canadian grip on market, 198; not included in
census estimate, 198; previous censuses (1903 and 1918), 204, 205.
Population, census of, legislation regarding, 3; purpose of, 9-15; cost, 35, 199-
213, 318; results to Congress for approval, 9-16; padding of census returns,
12-15; criticism of 1920 census, 15, 290; date of enumeration, 35, 36-see Date
of census; regarding complaints of underenumeration, 37; announcement by
supervisors, 37; date bad in 1920, 90, 102, 103, 110, 111; decennial year pre-
ferred, 102-104; time of year important for full enumeration, 102-105, 106,
111; accuracy for reapportionment vital, 111; inquiries on schedule, 173–177;
inability to speak English, 173-175; illiteracy inquiry, 173-177; determination
of place of birth, 175; method of instructing enumerators, 177; practicability
of literacy test, 178-183; methods to insure completeness of enumeration, 183;
method of determining inquiries, 294-297; many new inquiries suggested,
294, 295; inquiries of general interest, 295; purpose of census, 295; magnitude
and complexity of tabulations, 295; changing social and industrial conditions
affect inquiries, 295, 296; regarding any change in 1920 census inquiries, 297;
importance of data for foreign born to Immigration Committee, 297; no
change in inquiries for foreign born without consulting Immigration Com-
mittee, 298; regarding November 1 as date, 300; change of date as affecting 10-
year interval, 300; persons included in census, 301, 302; population enumer-
ated as of regular place of residence, 302, 306; any but zero year unpopular,
305; census for benefit of public, 305; desirability of separate census, 313;
need of special instructions regarding permanent and temporary residents in
cities, 317; dates and cost of previous censuses, 317, 318.
Population, continental United States, estimated population in 1930, 1, 3, 5, 202,
203, 295.
Porto Rico, inclusion in census, 2; regarding agricultural census, 191–194; esti-
mated cost, 202; conditions bad regarding employment and malnutrition, 310.
Postmasters, abuses regarding appointments, 25-28, 52–56, 64–66.
Post Office Department, to assist in census, 312.
Power projects, in relation to census of irrigation and drainage, 294.
Prices, falling since 1925, 69.
Production, increase in value and output, 69, 71; decrease in cost, 70.
Profits, with reference to increased production, 70; increased in manufactures and
decreased in agriculture, 71.
Purpose of census, for apportionment, 10, 14.
Raw materials, need information, regarding their distribution, 73, 74.
Reapportionment, necessity for accurate census, 10-15, 20, 295, 313; date of
census affects completeness of enumeration, 110, 111; persons covered by
census, 301, 302; committee interested primarily in population census for re-
apportionment, 308; 1920 census unsatisfactory because of weather, 315.
Reclamation, part of census of agriculture, 294; in relation to irrigation and
drainage, 309, 310.
Reenumeration, because of padding, 12, 14; because of incompleteness, 37;
announcement of population by supervisor to develop complaints, 37.
Regional disbursing officers, detailed from bureau, 184; compensation and
expenses, 185; supervise supervisors and pay enumerators, 200.
Reports of Fifteenth Census, to be completed within decennial census period, 3.
Retail trade, distribution census with regard to, 67, 68, 72, 76, 81; need knowledge
of outlets, 83; Government should help small dealers, 84.
Sabath, Representative Adolph J., inaugurated mother-tongue inquiries, 297.
Samoa, inclusion in census, 2; regarding census of agriculture, 191; estimated
cost, 202.
Scope of census, as given in bill, 1.
Smith, Gov. Alfred, advocates take no more State censuses in New York, 48.
Smith-Lever Act, requiring grades of cotton, 76.
Soap, quantity distributed important, 124; weight different in East and West, 124.
Soldiers, sailors, and marines, preference in appointments, 16-19, 24, 25.
Special agents, appointment, 19, 21-23, 29, 34, 49, 50-52, 56-61, 63; compensa-
tion limited to $8 per diem, 29; except 25 at $12 per diem, 29; use special
agents on regular census field work, 50; number during census period, 50;
length of service, 58.
State and county officials, used by Federal Government on draft board, 116.
State censuses, regarding comparability with Federal census, 48; to what extent
1930 can supersede State censuses, 48; Federal supervision suggested, 216;
regarding uniformity, 216, 217; value to Department of Agriculture, 220.
Steuart, Wm. M., remarks, 292 (letter); 293–325.
Sugar and blackstrap, distribution, 75; distribution of sugar in illicit liquor, 76.
Surface, Dr. Frank M., remarks by, 66-76, 80, 81, 85.
Supervisors, appointment, 19-22, 29, 34, 49, 187, 188; authority to appoint
enumerators, 29; compensation, 29, 184, 203, 206, 208; examine and check
returns, 36, 37; approve compensation of enumerator, 37; announce popula-
tion, 37; schedules forwarded to, 46; headquarters, 185, 186; county, 284, 285.
Supervisors' clerks, appointment, 20-22, 29, 34, 49, 63; compensation, 29.
Supervisors' districts, conform to congressional districts, 20, 21, 185, 186; coun-
try divided into districts for census, 40; recommendations of Department of
Agriculture regarding, 131, 282, 284, 285; headquarters, 185, 186.
Tenant farmers, shifting as affecting reports, 148–150.
Time of enumeration, urban and rural, 35, 36.
Tobacco, with regard to distribution census, 72, 75, 80; production, 80; Census
Bureau issues quarterly reports on stocks and production, 81; manufactured
product, 81; harvesting, 94-96; regarding stripping, 226, 227.
Townships, agricultural data should be presented for counties and townships,
115-117; great value to Department of Agriculture, 132, 133.
Truesdell, Leon E., remarks by, 9, 10, 52, 151.
Turkey, census of, edict requiring people to remain in, 300.
Underwood, E. Victor, see New York State Farm Bureau Federation.
United States Chamber of Commerce, interested in distribution in re retail
and wholesale trade, 86, 122.
United States, leads in census operations, 82.
Veterans, preference under census act.
Virgin Islands, inclusion in census, 2, 3; regarding census of agriculture, 194, 197;
estimated cost of census, 202.
Warren, Prof. G. F., important census of agriculture be taken in fall or winter,
307, 309; agricultural economist, 309.
Wholesale trade, with reference to distribution census, 67, 68, 72, 76, 81; lowered
prices, 69, 70; products sold, 76; needs knowledge of outlets, 83.
World-wide census of agriculture, 208.
Young, Owen D., on committee for census of distribution, 153, 164, 165.
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