Accuracy of census, as affecting reapportionment, 11, 12, 13, 15.
Acting director, present law designates chief clerk, 7.
Advisory committee of census, assisted in preparation of bill, 1; appointed to
advise with census, 83; favors fall date for census of agriculture, 289.
Agriculture, census of, act authorizing, 1, 3, 10; volume of 1920 report, 13; effect
of submitting report for approval to Congress, 14; date of enumeration, 35, 36,
38-see Date of census; insuring greater accuracy in 1930, 38; criticism in paper
by Doctor Davis, 38-40; farm indebtedness and farm mortgages, 40; method of
census, 40, 41; criticism of data hurts farmers, 41; cost of census in 1920 and
1925, 41, 42, 45; more frequent censuses, 41; inquiries in 1920, 1925, and 1930,
41, 42, 43, 46, 47; definition (scope) of census, 79, 80, 264, 265, 266; American
Farm Bureau Federation suggestions, 86, 87, 98, 99; specify inquiries in bill
and allow director to add, 87, 98, 99; conferences on preparation of schedule,
99; date changed in 1920, 102; American Dairy Federation recommendations,
107-121; county agents assist enumerators, 112, 113, 131, 132; leave list of
inquiries, open, 116; show data by townships, 115, 116, 117, 133, 264, 283, 284;
inquiries regarding dairying products sold, 119, 120; attitude of farmers to
census, 133; covers farm occupied when census is taken, 143, 149; landlord
reporting for tenants, 149, 150; price for which crops were sold, 151; data should
reflect status of people dependent upon agriculture, 171, 172; amount farmer
pays for help, 171, 172, 178; estimated cost, 173, 199, 200, 206, 209-213, 287;
regarding outlying territory, 190-196; importance of accurate, comparable
data to help farmers, transportation companies, etc., 219, 220; recommenda-
tions of Department of Agriculture, 219-239, 244-258, 259-284; accuracy
affected by weather conditions January 1, 288, 289; quinquennial, 293; biennial
census practically impossible, 293; regarding limited census, 293; considered to
include irrigation and drainage, 294; regarding inquiries, 296; date in 1920
changed for Department of Agriculture, 299; census of 1925 begun in Novem-
ber, 1924, in certain localities, 300; spring best date, 303, 305, 314; want agri-
cultural people to have everything they need, 311; effect of separate dates,
313, 314; midwinter census not fair to farm population, 313, 314; estimated
cost, 318.
Agriculture, Department of, criticism of cotton reports, 43, 52, 77; warehouses
report cotton by grades, 79; estimates depend on accuracy of census data, 87,
88, 91; how other data secured for estimates, 92; charts on farm population, 94,
95, 145-147; date of census of agriculture, 96, 106, 130, 131; inquiries on sched-
ule for agriculture, 99, 264-266; county and field agents assist in census, 112-
114, 131; State statisticians assist census, 113; higher pay for enumerator, 132;
aid farmer in production, 134; aid to cooperative marketing, 135; outlook
reports criticized, 137-140; estimates on quarterly prices, 152; recommenda-
tions regarding census of agriculture, 219-239, 244-284; favors distribution
census of agriculture, 220; use of State census data, 220; charts and discussion
on harvesting of crops, 220-228, 231, 239; charts and discussion on livestock,
230-235, 237-239; harvesting of fruit crop, 235, 236, 238, 239; movement of
farmers, 244-260, 262; failed to prove winter date better for agricultural census,
302, 303, 304, 306, 307; bring influence to bear for change of date, 303, 304,
305; objected to spring date because their figures would not be comparable,
305, 306; Census Bureau trying to work in cooperation, 306.
Alaska, included in 1930 census, 2; regarding census of agriculture, 191, 192, 194,
196, 197, 208; estimated cost, 202.
Alfalfa, time harvested, 92, 95.
American Dairy Federation, organization, purpose, member associations, 107,
108; interested in accurate enumeration of livestock and dairy cattle, 109,
118, 119.
American Farm Bureau Federation, interested in agricultural schedule, 86; favors
fall date for census, 87; authority of Mr. Ogg, 97; letter regarding date of
census, 286, 289, 290, 291-see remarks of Mr. Ogg.
Announcements of population, by supervisor, 37; as affected by date of census, 93.
Arca, in 1930 census, 2.
Assistant directors, appointment, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8.
Assistant supervisors, number and compensation, 184, 203, 208.
Assistant to the director, under present law, 5, 6, 7.
Austin, William L., remarks by, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 78, 79, 80, 81, 104,
105, 113, 120, 151, 177, 191, 192, 195, 196.
Becker, Joseph A., remarks by, 238, 239, 254, 255.
Brown, Frederick W., remarks by, 4, 5, 6, 7, 17, 18, 20, 22, 23, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53,
54, 55, 56, 57, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66.
Budget Director, regarding figures for cost of census, 35, 214, 215.
Bureau of Agricultural Economics, regarding data based on estimates, 41; need
base figures of 1930 census for estimates in calendar year, 88; charts in re
persons employed on farms, 94, 95; make great use of census data, 129, 130;
research on marketing of farm products, 134, 135; study of combination of
factors in re production, 134; outlook report covers supply and demand, 136,
138, 139, 140; criticism of reports, 137; estimates on quarterly prices, 152.
Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Commerce, regarding exports of outlying terri-
tory, 196.
Butter, creamery product, 108; quantity sold, 119.
Canal Zone. See Panama Canal Zone.
Cantrell bill, regarding collection of data on tobacco, 81.
Cattle, dairy, in re census of distribution, 108, 109; comparability of census data,
110, 111; amount owned by tenants, 112; inquiries on schedule, 117, 118, 119;
registered stock, 119.
Census Bureau, provisions for fifteenth and subsequent censuses, 1, 2, 7–9,
292, 293; census period three years, 3, 9; present law, 7; approval of census
results by Congress, 9–16; subjects covered by reports, 13; present force and
decennial force, 16; permanent force and special agents may act as supervisors
and enumerators, 29; checks on enumeration, 36, 37; field division, 36; criticisms
of census of agriculture, 38-41; efficient in furnishing statistics, 48; special agent
in field on regular work, 50; appropriation limits inquiries, 84; law regarding
inquiries should be general, 99, 295–297; object of census to obtain all data
possible, 101; responsible for census and should not be handicapped by other
agencies, 113, 114, 203; use of county agents in enumeration, 112-116; criti-
cism of 1920 census. due to inadequate pay for enumerators, 132; individual
returns treated as confidential, 156, 157; field force not under civil service, 172,
173, 174; cost of separate agricultural and population census, 174; estimated
cost of 1930 census, 172, 173, 184, 185, 199-213, 217, 284, 285, 287; cost of
Fourteenth Census, 183, 207; census of outlying territory, 190-196, 198; pre-
liminary work for census already begun, 198; important bill be passed this
session, 198, 199, 295, 315; cost of regular work, 201, 202, 205, 209, 210; extent
to which States and Census Bureau cooperate in census taking, 50, 216; super-
vision of special censuses of cities and counties, 50, 216; assistant directors,
number, compensation, duties, 3-8; chief clerk, acting director under law,
7, 8; geographer, duties, 201; method of determining inquiries covered by
census, 296, 297; persons covered by census, 302, 316, 317; cost of separate
population and agricultural censuses, 308, 313; should have first-class census in
every way, 311; difficult sometimes to get appropriation, 311; take population
census separately, 312, 313; regarding assistance of Post Office Department,
312; objections to separate censuses of population and agriculture, 312-314;
permanent organization, 314; committee desires Census Bureau have adequate
funds, 319.
Census legislation, Fifteenth Census, Fourteenth and Fifteenth Census acts com-
pared, III-XXÍ; 1, 7, 9; subsequent censuses, 2, 8; present law, 7.
Census period, three years, 3, 9.
Census taking, United States leads, 82; at first in locating resources, 82; since
1900 in internal markets, 82; no information in re distribution, 82.
Chain stores, get information easily, 158; save country money, 159; position in
retail trade, 165, 240.
Chambers of commerce, interested in accurate census, 37; aid in census of dis-
tribution, 68.
Chief clerk, acting director under law, 7, 8.
Civil Service Commission, regarding census field appointments, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9,
16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54,
55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66.
Clerks, temporary force, 9, 16, 19; number and compensation of supervisors,
clerks, and stenographers, 184, 203, 204.
Commerce, Department of, bill for taking Fifteenth Census, 1; try to ascertain
correct facts, 14.
Compensation, temporary force in bureau, 9; field force, 29, 30; rural enumer-
ators, 30, 31; differential because of area, 30, 31; urban enumerators, 31; rate
too low in 1920, 33; too high rates might cause too much pressure to secure
positions, 33; adjustable rates economical, 34, 35; per diem rates unsatisfactory
in 1920, 35.
Congressional districts, supervisor's districts conform to so far as practicable,
20, 21, 185, 186.
Congress, power to approve census results, 9-16; census might be made political
question, 13.
Constitution, purpose of census, 10; legality of population census in ninth year,
103, 104; provides for enumeration of population, 143, 214.
Consumers, who represent, 241, 242.
Cooperative marketing, as affected by distribution census, 126; aid of Depart-
ment of Agriculture, 135.
Corn, harvesting, 95, 105, 140; largest crop, 100.
Cornell University. See New York State Farm Bureau Federation.
Cost of taking 1930 census, increased cost of taking population and agriculture
separately, 103, 309, 313, estimated cost, 184, 185, 199-205, 284, 285, 287;
itemized statement, 205-213, 214, 217; enumeration work, 206; not submitted
to Director of Budget, 214; building of efficient organization for enumeration
reduces cost of separate censuses, 313, 325; estimated cost of complete census,
318, 319; committee desires census have adequate funds, 319.
Cotton, monthly reports, 42, 43, 79; estimates of Department of Agriculture,
41, 48; distribution census data regarding, 72, 73, 74, 78, 79, 227; by grades,
76-79, 81, 109; acreage, 76; Smith-Lever Act, 76; data secured in census of
agriculture, 78, 105; data secured in census monthly reports, 78; carry-over,
78, 81; spring census date better for complete statistics, 91, 94, 95, 97, 100,
104; date of ginning, 97, 100, 104; outlook reports depressed price, 77, 137-140.
Cottonseed, included in census of 1920 but not 1925, 41; regarding inclusion in
1930 census, 42, 43; one of chief crops in United States, 42, 73, 75, 76;
regarding distribution, 72, 73, 74, 75, 79; monthly reports, 42, 72, 79.
Cottonseed meal, monthly reports, 42, 43; fertilizer, 74.
Cottonseed oil, monthly report, 42; amount produced, 43; distribution, 74, 75,
79; discovery by Dunbar, 75.
County agents, to assist in enumeration, 112-116, 131-133, 203.
Crops, omission of certain crops in census of 1925, 42, 43; quantity and value,
80; charts and discussion in regard to harvesting, 90, 91, 94-97, 101, 220-228,
231, 239, 273-276; same date does not suit all crops, 101; confusion in crop
statistics, 271.
Crop reports, field reports basis for estimates of Department of Agriculture, 92,
94; value of accurate census of agriculture as further basis, 219.
Dairy products, should be included in distribution census, 73; livestock on farms,
109; comparability of census data, 110; livestock put on feed, 111; products
one-fourth of farm income, 112; livestock owned by tenants, 112; inquiries
on schedule in re, 117, 118, 119; amount sold, 119, 120.
Dams, in relation to census of irrigation and drainage, 294.
Davis, Dr. Joseph S., paper read at American Statistical Association, 38-40.
Date of census, affected enumeration in 1920, 15, 90, 102, 103, 110, 290; December
1 or January 1, 87, 89, 90, 91, 93-99, 100, 102, 105, 110-112, 129, 130, 140-142,
145-150, 220-239, 244-266; April 1, 35, 36, 89, 90, 92, 93, 99, 100, 102-106,
140, 141, 143, 144, 145; farmers go to city to work in winter or to resorts, 89;
movement of tenant and other farmers, 90, 91, 93, 99, 100, 105, 110, 112,
129, 130, 142, 148-150, 228, 244-266; weather condition important factor,
90, 102, 103, 105, 106, 110, 234, 287–290; affected by crop season, 91-95, 99,
100, 104, 106, 140, 141, 144, 147, 148, 220-228, 231, 239; affected by livestock
condition, 99, 100, 110-112, 135, 141, 142, 229-235, 237, 238; regarding pub-
lication of data, 93; charts on farm population on various dates, 94, 95, 145-147;
regarding same date for population and agriculture, 89, 93, 99, 102-104, 106,
140, 143, 145, 150, 152, 153, 233, 234, 300, 312-314, 323, 324; set best date
considering all conditions 101, 141; should be selected primarily with regard
to population, 102, 105, 106, 110, 143, 144, 147; time of year important for
full population census for reapportionment, 102, 105, 106, 110, 111, 143;
questions raised regarding population census in ninth year, 103, 104, 300,
04, 305; objections to fall census in tenth year, 103, 104; regarding May 1,
105, 106; affects comparability of data, 110; dates of previous censuses, 144,
145; as affecting cost, 222, 234; farmer keeps no records, 228, 229; regarding
fruit crop, 235, 236, 238, 239; might affect tabulation of township data, 264;
Department of Agriculture recommendations, 270-283, 286, 287; American
Farm Bureau Federation letter, 290, 291; joint letter of Secretaries of Agri-
culture and Commerce, 298, 299; regarding fall date, 298, 299; reasons for
Census Bureau change regarding date, 299, 303-305; original bill provides
November 1 for agriculture and April 1 for population, 299, 300, 308, 312;
weather conditions increased difficulties in 1920, 299, 300, 311, 315; change of
date affecting 10-year interval, 300; committee favors April 1 for population,
302-307, 312; census in November augments urban population, 302, 303, 313,
314; fall or winter bad for agricultural completeness and rural population,
303, 307, 313, 314; representatives of Department of Commerce agreed April 1
best for population, 303, 304; Mr. Steuart abroad at beginning of hearings,
303; Doctor Hill favored fall date, 304; opposition of public to any but zero
year, 304, 305, 312; weather bad in fall and winter, 305; any date fixed by com-
mittee agreeable to Departments of Agriculture and Commerce, 305; com-
mittee absolute confidence in Census Bureau, 305, 306; Mr. Steuart thinks
fall date best, 306, 311, 314, 315; committee will fix date after careful con-
sideration of testimony, 306, 307; New York State Farm Bureau Federation
urges fall or winter date, 307; many outside agriculturists favor fall or winter
date, 307, 308; cost of censuses taken separately, 308, 313; as affecting avail-
ability of suitable persons for enumerators, 310; difficulties of enumeration in
New York City in 1920 on account of weather, 311; as affecting farm popula-
tion, 313, 314, 324, 325; comparison of condition of roads and weather in
spring and fall, 314, 315; regarding promptness of enumeration, 314, 315;
dates and cost of previous censuses and time of enumeration, 315, 317, 318;
reason for change in 1920, 315; explanation of reasons for statement that same
date made for greater accuracy, completeness, and economy, 323–325; reasons
for separate dates in bill submitted, 323.
Decennial census period. See Census period.
Distribution, census of, provision for in 1930, 1, 2, 3, 10; proposed scope, 66–76,
80, 81, Doctor Surface; 78, 83, 125, 128, 154-156, 320-323, general; 81-86,
Doctor Gay; 153–170. Mr. Matter; 240-244, Wesley Dunn; importance of,
66–71, 153, 154, 165, 241; test census, 67, 121, 122; in its relation to agricul-
ture, 73-75, 85, 98, 108, 109, 116, 125–127, 134, 136, 156, 171, 267, 268, 285, 286,
320-323; secure full data on cotton, 77, 79; regarding cost of collecting data,
83, 84, 126; discover wastes, 83, 85, 86; reveal outlets, 83, 84, 86, 125; appro-
priation limits extent, 84; Harvard University survey only available data dur-
ing war, 85; inquiry regarding profits might hurt census, 85; indorsed by
American Dairy Federation, 107-109, 120, 121; purpose to show money re-
ceived for sales, 122, 124; requested by business through chambers of com-
merce, 122; with regard to covering both quantity and price, 122–127, 322,
323; big proposition and revolutionary in policy, 124, 128; should show spread,
124, 125, 242; difficult to obtain segregation of commodities, 127, 156; mis-
cellaneous character of modern stores present difficulties, 154; affect method of
selling and develop scientific marketing, 155; more accurate data from whole-
saler, 156; possible opposition to furnishing data because of income tax, 156;
Census Bureau treats individual returns as strictly confidential, 156, 157;
estimate of cost, 172, 173, 207; Department of Agriculture indorses with
regard to agriculture, 220, 240, 265, 266; indorsed by National Association of
Retail Grocers, American Grocers' Specialty Manufacturers' Association, and
American Pharmaceutical Manufacturers' Association, 240-243; results serve
both producer and consumer, 241, 242, 323; inclusion of cooperative associa-
tions, 321; publication of results, 321; conferences to determine details of census,
321, 322
Douglas, Representative from Arizona, transmitting letters regarding date of
agricultural census, 325.
Doyle, John T., secretary of Civil Service Commission, letter regarding census
field-force appointments, 21.
Drainage, include in census act, 292–294, 309, 310, 313, 315; area important for
reclamation purposes. 309, 210.
Dunn, Wesley, remarks by, 240, 241, 242, 243, 244.
Economists, interested in distribution problem, 84, 86.
Electrical industries, census of, 294.
Employees in manufacturing, decrease, 70, 71.
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