IV.

CHAP. the Satanas * into their Country, to take Part "with them, after they had concerted ill Defigns 66 against us. We have done lefs than either the

English or French, that have ufurped the Lands " of fo many Indian Nations, and chafed them from "their own Country, This Belt preferves my "Words. Hear, Yonnondio, what I fay is the Voice "of all the Five Nations; hear what they answer, open your Ears to what they speak: The Sene "kas, Cayugas, Onondagas, Oneydoes, and Mo"bawks fay, that when they buried the Hatchet at "Cadarackui (in the Prefence of your Predeceffor) " in the Middle of the Fort, they planted the Tree "of Peace in the fame Place, to be there carefully "preserved, that, in Place of a Retreat for Sol

diers, that Fort might be a Rendezvous for Merchants; that, in Place of Arms and Ammu"nition of War, Bevers and Merchandife should "only enter there,

"Hear, Yonnondio, take Care for the future, "that fo great a Number of Soldiers, as appear

there, do not choak the Tree of Peace planted

in fo fmall a Fort. It will be a great Lofs, if af"ter it had fo eafily taken Root, you fhould ftop "its Growth, and prevent its covering your Coun"try and ours with its Branches. I affure you, in "the Name of the Five Nations, that our Warriors "fhall dance to the Calumet of Peace under its "Leaves, and fhall remain quiet on their Matts, ❝and shall never dig up the Hatchet, till their Bre"thren, Yonnondio or Corlear, fhall either jointly

or separately endeavour to attack the Country, "which the great Spirit has given to our An"cestors. This Belt preferves my Words, and this other, the Authority which the Five Nations has given me."

Called Sawanons by the French.

Then

Then Garangula addreffing himself to Monfieur le Maine, faid:

"Take Courage, Ohgueffe, you have Spirit, fpeak, explain my Words, forget nothing, tell "all that your Brethren and Friends fay to Yon"nondio, your Governor, by the Mouth of Ga"rangula, who loves you, and defires you to ac"cept of this Prefent of Bever, and take Part with "me in my Feaft, to which I invite you. This "Prefent of Bever is fent to Yonnondio on the Part of the Five Nations."

When Garangula's Harangue was explained to Monfieur de la Barre, he returned to his Tent, much inraged at what he had heard.

Garangula feafted the French Officers, and then went Home, and Monfieur de la Barre fet out in his Way towards Monreal; and as foon as the General was imbarked, with the few Soldiers that remained in Health, the Militia made the best of their Way to their own Habitations, without any Order or Discipline.

Thus a very chargeable and fatiguing Expedition (which was to ftrike the Terror of the French Name into the stubborn Hearts of the Five Nations) ended in a Scold between the French General and an old Indian.

CHA P. V.

The English attempt to trade in the Lakes, and the French attack the Senekas.

T

HE Marquis de Nonville having now fucceeded Monfieur de la Barre, in the Year 1685, and having brought a confiderable Reinforcement of Soldiers with him, refolved to recover the Honour the

F 4

French

CHAP.

V.

V.

CHA P. French had loft in the laft Expedition, and revenge the Slaughter the Five Nations continued to make of the Twibtwies and Chittaghicks, who had put themselves under the French Protection; for the Five Nations having intirely fubdued the Chittaghicks *, after a fix Years War, they resolved next to fall upon the Twibtwies, and to call them to an Account for the Disturbance they had given fome of their People in their Bever Hunting. The Five Nations have few or no Bever in their own Country, and for that Reafon are obliged to hunt at a great Distance, which often occafions Difputes with their Neighbours about the Property of the Bever. The Bever is the most valuable Branch of the Indian Trade, and as the Twibtwies carried their Bevers to the French, the English encouraged the Five Nations in thefe Expeditions, and particularly, in the Begining of the Year 1687, made the Five Nations a Present of a Barrel of Powder, when their whole Force was preparing to go against the Twibtwies. The English were the better pleafed with this War, because they thought that it would divert the Five Nations from the Virginia Indians: But the French were refolved to support their Friends more effectually by a powerful Diverfion, and to change the Seat of the War.

For this Purpose Mr. de Nonville fent, in May 1687, great Quantities of Provifion to Cadarackui Fort, and gathered the whole Force of Canada to Montreal. His Army confifted of fifteen hundred French of the regular Troops and Militia, and five hundred Indians that lived near Montreal and Quebeck. He fent likewife Orders to the Commandant at Miffilimakinak to affemble all the Nations living round him, and to march them to Oniagara, in order to join the Forces of Canada defigned againft the Senekas, and the other Officers pofted a

* Called Illinois by the French.

mong

1

mong the Indians Weftward had the like Or-CHAP. ders.

The Twibtwies received the Hatchet with Joy from the Hands of the French Officer. The Outagamies, Kikabous, and Maskuticks, who were not ufed to Canoes, were at first persuaded to join the Twibtwies, who were to march by Land to Teuchfagrondie, where there was a French Fort, at which they were to be fupplied with Ammunition. But after the French Officer left them, the Utagamies and Mafkuticks were diffuaded by fome of the Mabikander Indians, who happened to be with a neighbouring Nation at that Time.

The Putewatemies, Malbominies, and Puans offered themselves willingly, and went to the Rendezvous at Miffilimakinak; where they were received by the Utawawas with all the Marks of Honour ufually paid to Soldiers. Though the Utawawas had no Inclination to the present Enterprize; they could not tell however how to appear against it, otherwise than by inventing what Delays they could, to prevent their March.

In the mean while a Canoe arrived, which was fent by Mr. de Nonville, with his Orders to the Officers. This Canoe, in her Paffage, difcovered fome English, commanded by Major Mac Gergory, in their Way to Teiodonderaghie. The English thought (after they had an Account of the new Alliance their King had entered into with the French) that the French would not disturb them in profecuting a Trade with the Indians every where, and that the Trade would be equally free and open to both Nations. With these Hopes a confiderable Number of Adventurers went out, under the Conduct of Major Mac Gergory, to trade with the Indians that lived on the Banks of the Lakes; and that they might be the more welcome, perfuaded the Five Nations to fet all the Dionondadie Prifoners at Liberty, who went along with the English, and conducted

them

V.

V.

An CHA P. them towards Miffilimakinak, or Teiodonderagbie; but the English found themselves miftaken, for the French Commandant at Teiodonderagbie, as foon as he had Notice of this, fent three hundred French to intercept the English.

*The Utawawas and Dionondadies having likewife an Account of the English, defigned to fupport their own Independency, and to incourage the English Trade. The return of the Dionondatie Prifoners made that Nation very hearty in favouring the English, they therefore marched immediately off, with Defign to join Major Mac Gergory; but the Utawawas were divided in their Inclinations, their Chief, with about thirty more, joined the French, the reft remained in fufpence, and ftood neuter.

The Utawawas thus wavering, difconcerted the Measures of the Dionondadies, for they began to fufpect the Utawawas, and therefore immediately returned to fecure their Wives and Children that they had left near the French Fort with the Utawawas. The English and their Effects were feized without any Oppofition, and were carried to the French Fort at Teiodonderaghie.

The English brought great Quantities of Rum with them, (which the Indians love more than their Lives) and the French being afraid, that if the Indians took to Drinking, they would grow ungovernable, did what they could to keep them from it. They were moft concerned that the Putewatemies (who had no Knowledge of the English, or of that bewitching Liquor, and were firmly attached to the French) fhould not tafte it.

The Utawawas still contrived Delays to the March, and having got fome of the Putewatemies privately by themselves, they offered them a Cag of Rum, and faid: "We are all Brethren, we ought to make

* History de le Amerique Septentrionale, par Mr. de la Poterie, Tome ii. Cap. 16.

❝ one