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4. There shall be a sheriff, a county treasurer, and one or more coroners, a register of deeds, and a county surveyor, chosen by the electors in each of the several counties once in every two years, and as often as vacancies shall happen. The sheriff shall hold no other office, and shall not be capable of holding the office of sheriff longer than four in any term of six years; he may be required by law to renew his security from time to time, and in default of giving such security, his office shall be deemed vacant; but the county shall never be made responsible for the acts of the sheriff.

CONSTITUTION OF 1867.

Sec. 2. Their term of office shall Sec. 2. Their term of office shall commence on the first day of January commence on the first day of January, one thousand eight hundred and fifty-one thousand eight hundred and sixtythree, and of every second year there- nine, and of every second year thereafter. after.

Sec. 3. Whenever a vacancy shall occur in any of the State offices, the Governor shall fill the same by appointment, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, if in session.

Sec. 3. Whenever a vacancy shall occur in any of the State offices, the Governor shall fill the same by appointment, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, if in session.

Sec. 4. The Secretary of State, State Treasurer, and Commissioner of the State Land Office, shall constitute a

Sec. 4. The Secretary of State, State Treasurer, and Commissioner of the State Land Office shall constitute a Board of State Auditors, to examine Board of State Auditors, to examine and adjust all claims against the State and adjust claims against the State, not otherwise provided for by law. within such limits as shall be preThey shall constitute a Board of State scribed by law. They shall also conCanvassers to determine the result of stitute a Board of State Canvassers, all elections for Governor, Lieutenant to determine the result of all elections Governor and State officers, and of for Governor, Lieutentant Governor, such other officers as shall by law be all State officers, and such other officers referred to them. as shall by law be referred to them.

Sec. 5. In case two or more persons have an equal and the highest number of votes for any office, as canvassed by the Board of State Canvassers, the Legislature, in joint convention, shall choose one of said persons to fill such office. When the determination of the Board of State Canvassers is contested, the Legislature in joint convention shall decide which person is elected.

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*The following amendment was proposed in 1848, referred to the Legislature in 1849, agreed to by two-thirds of all the members elected to each House, submitted to the people, and approved and ratified at the election held in November, 1849:

The Legislature of this State for the year eighteen hundred and fifty, shall provide by law for the election by the people of the following officers, viz: "Judges of the Supreme Court, who shall be ineligible to any other than a judicial office during the term for which they are elected, and for one year thereafter; Auditor General, State Treas urer, Secretary of State, Attorney General, Superintendent of Public Instruction and Prosecuting Attorneys; and the said judges are prohibited from receiving any fees of office or other compensation than their salaries, for any civil duties performed by them.”

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CONSTITUTION OF 1885.

ARTICLE VIII.

IMPEACHMENTS AND REMOVALS FROM OFFICE.

1. The House of Representatives shall have the sole power of impeaching all civil officers of the State, for corrupt conduct in office, or for crimes and misdemeanors; but a majority of all the members elected shall be necessary to direct an impeachment.

2. All impeachments shall be tried by the Senate. When the Governor or Lieutenant Governor shall be tried, the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court shall preside. Before the trial of an impeachment, the members of the court shall take an oath or affirmation truly and impartially to try and determine the charge in question according to the evidence; and no person shall be convicted without the concurrence of two-thirds of the members present. Judgment, in cases of impeachment, shall not extend further than to removal from office; but the party convicted shall be liable to indictment and punishment according to law.

3. For any reasonable cause, which shall not be sufficient ground for the impeachment of the judges of any of the courts, the Governor shall remove any of them on the address of twothirds of each branch of the Legislature; but the cause or causes for which such removal may be required shall be stated at length in the address.

4. The Legislature shall provide by law for the removal of justices of the peace, and other county and township officers, in such manner and for such cause as to them shall seem just and proper.

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• CONSTITUTION OF 1867.

ARTICLE IX.

IMPEACHMENTS AND REMOVALS FROM OFFICE,

SECTION 1. The House of Representatives shall have the sole power of impeaching civil officers for corrupt conduct in office, and for crimes and misdemeanors; but a majority of the members elected shall be necessary to direct an impeachment.

Sec. 2. Every impeachment shall be tried by the Senate. When the Governor or Lieutentant Governor shall be tried the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court shall preside. When an impeachment is directed, the members of the Senate shall take an oath or affirmation truly and impartially to try and determine the same according to the evidence. No person shall be convicted without the concurrence of two-thirds of the members elected. Judgment in case of impeachment shall not extend further than removal from office; but the party accused, whether acquitted or convicted, shall be liable to trial and punishment according to law.

Sec. 3. When an impeachment is directed, the House of Representatives shall appoint, from their own body, a committee, whose duty it shall be to prosecute such impeachment. An impeachment may be tried after the final adjournment of the Legislature.

Sec. 4. No officer shall exercise his office after an impeachment is directed, until he be acquitted.

Sec. 5. The Governor may make a provisional appointment to fill a vacancy occasioned by the suspension of an officer, until he shall be acquitted, or until the election and qualification of a successor.

Sec. 6. For a reasonable cause, which shall not be sufficient ground for the impeachment of a judge, the Governor shall remove him on a concurrent resolution of two-thirds of the members elected to each House of the Legislature, after the party accused shall have had an opportunity to be heard in his defense; but the cause for which such removal is required shall be stated at length in such resolution.

Sec. 7. County, township, city, village or school district officers may be removed in such manner and for such cause as may be provided by law.

Sec. 8. The Governor shall have the power, and it shall be his duty, to examine into the condition of any State office, and the act of any State officer, and to suspend such officer, except a judge or member of the Legislature, for gross neglect of duty, or for corrupt conduct in office, or any misfeas

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CONSTITUTION OF 1835.

CONSTITUTION OF 1850.

CONSTITUTION OF 1867.

ance or malfeasance therein, and to make a provisional appointment to fill the vacancy occasioned thereby, and report the cause of such suspension to the Legislature, if in session, and if not, then at the commencement of the next session thereof, and the Legislature shall proceed to investigate such cause, and if found insufficient, such officer shall be reinstated for the unexpired portion of his term.

Sec. 9. Whenever, during a recess of the Legislature, it shall, in the opinion of the Governor, become necessary to direct an impeachment of any civil officer, he may, by proclamation, convene the House of Representatives for that purpose; and if the House, when so convened, shall direct an impeachment, he shall in like manner immediately convene the Senate to try such impeachment; and whenever, in the opinion of the President of the Senate and Speaker of the House of Representatives, it shall, during a recess of the Legislature, become necessary to direct an impeachment of the Governor, they may, by their joint proclamation, convene the House for that purpose; and if the House direct such impeachment, the said President and Speaker shall, in like manner, immediately convene the Senate to try such impeachment.

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ARTICLE IX,

SALARIES.

ARTICLE X.

SALARIES.

SECTION 1. The Governor shall receive SECTION 1. The Governor shall rean annual salary of one thousand dol- ceive an annual salary of three thoulars; the judges of the circuit court sand dollars. The Secretary of State shall each receive an annual salary of shall receive an annual salary of two one thousand five hundred dollars; the thousand dollars. The State Treasurer State Treasurer shall receive an annual shall receive an annual salary of twentysalary of one thousand dollars; the five hundred dollars. The CommisAuditor General shall receive an annual sioner of the State Land Office shall salary of one thousand dollars; the receive an annual salary of two thouSuperintendent of Public Instruction sand dollars. The Superintendent of shall receive an annual salary of one Public Instruction shall receive an thousand dollars; the Secretary of annual salary of twenty-five hundred State shall receive an annual salary of dollars. The Auditor General shall eight hundred dollars; the Commis- receive an annual salary of twenty-five sioner of the Land Office shall receive hundred dollars. The Attorney Genan annual salary of eight hundred dol- eral shall receive an annual salary of lars; the Attorney General shall receive two thousand dollars. The judges of an annual salary of eight hundred dol- the Supreme Court and the judges of lars. They shall receive no fees or the circuit courts shall each receive perquisites whatever, for the perform- an annual salary of three thousand ance of any duties connected with their office. It shall not be competent for the Legislature to increase the salaries herein provided.

dollars. The Legislature shall have the power to increase or diminish the salaries of all officers provided for in this article, by a vote of two-thirds of all the members elect to each House. All persons holding office under the present Constitution shall be entitled to the salaries provided for in this Constitution from and after the time the same shall go into effect. The above named officers shall not be entitled to

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CONSTITUTION OF 1867.

any fees or perquisites for the performance of the duties of their respective offices; but all perquisites received shall be paid into the State treasury.

Sec. 2. The Governor, Secretary of State, State Treasurer, Commissioner of the State Land Office and Auditor General shall superintend in person the duties of their respective offices.

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[See Art. XIII, Sec. 2.]

[See Art. XVII, Sec. 3.]

[See Art. XIII, Sec. 3.]

[See Art. V, Sec. 4.]

[See Art. VI, Sec. 4.]

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ARTICLE XI

FINANCE AND TAXATION.

SECTION 1. All specific State taxes shall be applied in paying the interest on primary school, university and other educational funds, and the interest and principal of the State debt, in the order herein recited, until the extinguishment of the State debt, other than the amounts due to educational funds, when such specific taxes shall be added to and constitute a part of the primary school interest fund.

Sec. 2. The Legislature shall provide for an annual tax, sufficient, with other resources, to pay the estimated expenses of the State government, the interest of the State debt, and such deficiency as may occur in the resour

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Sec. 3. The Legislature shall provide by law a sinking fund, to be applied solely to the payment and extinguishment of the principal of the State debt, other than the amounts due to educational funds, which sinking fund shall be continued until the extinguishment of such State debt; and every law hereafter enacted by the Legislature, creating a debt or authorizing a loan, shall provide a sinking fund for the payment of the same.

Sec. 4. The unfunded debt shall not be funded or redeemed at a value ex

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[See Art. XIV, Sec. 3.]

[See Art. XIV, Sec. 4.]

[See Art. XIV, Sec. 5.]

[See Art. XIV, Sec. 6.]

[See Art. XIV, See. 7.]

[See Art. XIV, Sec. 8.]

[See Art. XIV, Sec. 9.]

[See Art. XIV, Sec. 11.]

[See Art. XIV, Sec. 12.]

[See Art. XIV, Sec. 13.]

[See Art. XIV, Sec. 14.]

CONSTITUTION OF 1867.

ceeding that established by law in the year one thousand eight hundred and forty-eight.

Sec. 5. The State may contract debts to meet deficits in revenue. Such debts shall not in the aggregate at any time exceed fifty thousand dollars. The moneys so raised shall be applied to the purposes for which they were obtained, or to the payment of the debts so contracted.

Sec. 6. The State may contract debts to repel invasion, suppress insurrection, or defend the State in time of war. The money arising from the contracting of such debts shall be applied to the purposes for which it was raised, or to pay such debts.

Sec. 7. No money shall be paid out of the State treasury, except in pursuance of appropriations made by law.

Sec. 8. The credit of the State shall not be granted to, or in aid of, any person, association or corporation.

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Sec. 9. No scrip, certificate, or other evidence of State indebtedness shall be issued, except for the redemption of stock previously issued, or for such debts as are expressly authorized in this Constitution.

Sec. 10. The State shall not subscribe to, or be interested in the stock of any company, association or corporation.

Sec. 11. The State shall not be a party to, or be interested in any work of internal improvement, except the ship canal at the Sault Ste. Marie, nor engage in carrying on any such work, otherwise than in the expenditure of grants to the State, of land or other property.

Sec. 12. The Legislature shall provide a uniform rule of taxation, except on property, business and corporations paying specific taxes. Taxes shall be levied on such property as shall be prescribed by law.

Sec. 13. All assessments hereafter authorized shall be on property at its cash value.

Sec. 14. The Legislature shall provide for an equalization of assessments on all taxable property, except that paying specific taxes, to be made in the year eighteen hundred and seventyone, and every fifth year thereafter, by a State Board of Equalization, to consist of one member from each Senatorial district, to be elected as shall be prescribed by law. After the year eighteen hundred and seventy-three, the said Board of Equalization shall be constituted in such manner as the Legislature may direct.

Sec. 15. Every law which imposes, continues or revives a tax, shall distinctly state the tax, and the object to which it is to be applied; and it shall not be

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