The Columbia Guide to American Environmental HistoryColumbia University Press, 14 Sep 2005 - 400 halaman How and why have Americans living at particular times and places used and transformed their environment? How have political systems dealt with conflicts over resources and conservation? This is the only major reference work to explore all the major themes and debates of the burgeoning field of environmental history. Humanity ́s relationship with the natural world is one of the oldest and newest topics in human history. The issue emerged as a distinct field of scholarship in the early 1970s and has been growing steadily ever since. The discipline ́s territory and sources are rich and varied and include climactic and geological data, court records, archaeological digs, and the writings of naturalists, as well as federal and state economic and resource development and conservation policy. Environmental historians investigate how and why natural and human-created surroundings affect a society ́s development. Merchant provides a context-setting overview of American environmental history from the beginning of the millennium; an encyclopedia of important concepts, people, agencies, and laws; a chronology of major events; and an extensive bibliography including films, videos, CD-Roms, and websites. This concise "first stop" reference for students and general readers contains an accessible overview of environmental history; a mini-encyclopedia of ideas, people, legislation, and agencies; a chronology of events and their significance; and a bibliography of books, magazines, and journals as well as films, videos, CD-ROMs, and online resources. In addition to providing a wealth of factual information, The Columbia Guide to American Environmental History explores contentious issues in this much-debated field, from the idea of wilderness to global warming. |
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... became known as the “three sisters,” or the corn, beans, and squash complex. Melons and chili peppers were also added to the diet. People lived in settled communities, joining their labor together, women working with women and men with ...
... became dominant and others declined in social status. Although Indians maintained a sense of integrity and retained tribal and oral traditions, the overall effect was to give Indian groups greater incentive to deplete animal populations ...
... became ill, the priest would minister to them, asking them to join him in prayer. If a shaman survived, the priest made him agree to give up his drums, charms, and dances. Baptism was substituted for Indian rituals, and those who took ...
... became feral. In 1680, the Pueblo Indians revolted against the Spanish, captured their horses, cattle, and sheep and, along with the Navajo, established a livestock trade with other tribes. By the 1690s the plains of Texas had horses ...
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3 | |
2 The New England Wilderness Transformed 16001850 | 24 |
3 The Tobacco and Cotton South 16001900 | 39 |
4 Nature and the Market Economy 17501850 | 59 |
The Settlement of California and the Great Plaines 18201930 | 80 |
6 Urban Environments 18501960 | 100 |
7 Conservation and Preservation 17851950 | 120 |
8 Indian Land Policy 18001990 | 140 |
AGENCIES CONCEPTS LAWS AND PEOPLE | 191 |
AN ENVIRONMENTAL HISTORY TIMELINE | 249 |
Part IV RESOURCE GUIDE | 269 |
Films and Videos | 271 |
Electronic Resources | 291 |
Bibliographical Essay | 311 |
Bibliography | 323 |
423 | |