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KINGDOM OF HANOVER.

Convention for the mutual extradition of fugitives from justice, in certain cases, concluded between the Government of the United States, on the one part, and the Kingdom of Hanover, on the other part.

The United States of America and his Majesty the King of Hanover, actuated by an equal desire to further the administration of justice and to prevent the commission of crime in their respective countries, taking into consideration that the increased means of communication between Europe and America facilitate the escape of offenders, and that, consequently, provision ought to be made in order that the ends of justice shall not be defeated, have determined to conclude an arrangement destined to regulate the course to be observed, in all cases, with reference to the extradition of such individuals as, having committed any of the offences hereinafter enumerated in one country, shall have taken refuge within the territories of the other. The constitution and laws of Hanover, however, not allowing the Hanoverian government to surrender their own subjects for trial before a foreign court of justice, a strict reciprocity requires that the government of the United States shall be held equally free from any obligation to surrender citizens of the United States. For which purposes the high contracting powers have appointed as their plenipotentiaries: The President of the United States, James Buchanan, envoy extraordinary and minister plenipotentiary of the United States at the court of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland; his Majesty the King of Hanover, the Count Adolphus von Kielmansegge, his envoy extraordinary and Minister plenipotentiary to her Britannic majesty, grand cross of the order of the Guelphs, &c., &c., who after reciprocal communication of their respective full powers, found in good and due form, have agreed to the following articles:

ARTICLE I.—The government of the United States and the Hanoverian government promise and engage, upon mutual requisitions by them or their ministers, officers, or authorities, respectively made, to deliver up to justice all persons who being charged with the crime of murder, or assault with intent to commit murder, or piracy, or arson, or robbery, or forgery or the utterance of forged papers, or the fabrication or circulation of counterfeit money, whether coin or paper money, or the embezzlement of public moneys, committed within the jurisdiction

of either party, shall seek an asylum, or shall be found, within the territories of the other: Provided, That this shall only be done upon such evidence of criminality as, according to the laws of the place where the fugitive or person so charged shall be found, would justify his apprehension and commitment for trial if the crime or offence had there been committed; and the respective judges, and other magistrates, of the two governments shall have power, jurisdiction, and authority, upon complaint made under oath, to issue a warrant for the apprehension of the fugitive or person so charged, that he may be brought before such judges, or other magistrates, respectively, to the end that the evidence of criminality may be heard and considered; and if, on such hearing, the evidence be deemed sufficient to sustain the charge, it shall be the duty of the examining judge or magistrate to certify the same to the proper executive authority, that a warrant may issue for the surrender of such fugitive.

The expense of such apprehension and delivery shall be borne and defrayed by the party who makes the requisition and receives the fugitive.

ART. II. The stipulations of this convention shall be applied to any other State of the Germanic Confederation which may hereafter declare its accession thereto.

ÅRT. III. None of the contracting parties shall be bound to deliver up its own subjects or citizens under the stipulations of this convention.

ART. IV. Whenever any person accused of any of the crimes enumerated in this convention shall have committed a new crime in the territories of the State where he has sought an asylum or shall be found, such person shall not be delivered up, under the stipulations of this convention, until he shall have been tried and shall have received the punishment due to such new crime, or shall have been acquitted thereof.

ART. V.-The present convention shall continue in force until the first of January, one thousand eight hundred and fiftyeight; and if neither party shall have given to the other six months' previous notice of its intention then to terminate the same, it shall further remain in force until the end of twelve months after either of the high contracting parties shall have given notice to the other of such intention, each of the high contracting parties reserving to itself the right of giving such notice to the other at any time after the expiration of the said first day of January, one thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight.

ART. VI. The present convention shall be ratified by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate of the United States, and by the government of Hanover, and the ratifications shall be exchanged, in London, within three months from the date hereof, or sooner, if possible.

In faith whereof, the respective plenipotentiaries have signed this convention and have hereunto affixed their seals.

Done in duplicate, in London, the eighteenth day of January, one thousand eight hundred and fifty-five, and the seventyninth year of the independence of the United States.

Proclaimed, May 5, 1855.

JAMES BUCHANAN.
A. KIELMANSEGGE.

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PROCLAMATION

Of accession to the treaty of extradition between the United States and Prussia by the Free Hanseatic city of Bremen.

WHEREAS it is provided by the second article of the convention of the 16th of June, 1852, between the United States and Prussia and other States of the Germanic Confederation, for the mutual delivery of criminals, fugitives from justice, in certain cases, that the stipulations of that Convention shall be applied to any other State of the Germanic Confederation which might thereafter declare its accession thereto:

And whereas the Free Hanseatic city of Bremen has declared its accession to the said Convention, and the exchange of the said declaration for my acceptance of the same was made at Washington on the 14th instant, by Rudolph Schleiden, Minister Resident of the said Free Hanseatic city of Bremen, and William L. Marcy, Secretary of State of the United States, on behalf of their respective governments:

Now, therefore, be it known, that I, FRANKLIN PIERCE, President of the United States of America, have caused this information to be made public, in order that the stipulations of the said Convention may be observed and fulfilled with good faith in respect to the Free Hanseatic city of Bremen by the United States and the citizens thereof.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand, and caused the seal of the United States to be affixed.

Done at Washington the fifteenth day of October, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and fifty[L. S.] three, and of the independence of the United States the seventy-eighth.

By the President:

W. L. MARCY, Secretary of State.

FRANKLIN PIERCE.

PROCLAMATION

Of accession to the treaty of extradition between the United States and Prussia by the Government of Wurtemberg.

WHEREAS it is provided by the second article of the convention of the 16th of June, 1852, between the United States and Prussia, and other States of the Germanic Confederation, for the mutual delivery of criminals, fugitives from justice in certain cases, that the stipulations of that convention shall be applied to any other State of the Germanic Confederation which might thereafter declare its accession thereto:

And whereas the government of Wurtemberg has declared its accession to the said convention, and has caused the said declaration to be lodged in the Department of State of the United States:

Now, therefore, be it known, that I, FRANKLIN PIERCE, President of the United States of America, have caused this information to be made public, in order that the stipulations of the said convention may be observed and fulfilled with good faith in respect to the government of Wurtemberg by the United States and the citizens thereof.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand, and caused the seal of the United States to be affixed.

Done at Washington the twenty-seventh day of December, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred [L. S.] and fifty-three, and of the independence of the United States the seventy-eighth.

By the President:

W. L. MARCY, Secretary of State.

FRANKLIN PIERCE.

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