Clerks to pay

Clerks to paymasters on vessels of the first rate, one thousand three masters of ves- hundred dollars; on vessels of the second rate, one thousand one hundred dollars; on vessels of the third rate, and supply-vessels and storeships, one thousand dollars.

sels.

Clerks to fleet paymasters.

Clerks to pay

Clerks to fleet paymasters, one thousand one hundred dollars.

Clerks to paymasters at the Naval Academy and Naval Asylum, one

masters at Asy- thousand three hundred dollars. lum and Acad.

emy.

Clerks to inspectors.

Sec.

Clerks to inspectors in charge of provisions and clothing, at navyyards, Boston, New York, Philadelphia, and Washington, one thousand six hundred dollars; to inspectors in like charge at other inspections, one thousand three hundred dollars.

SLAVE-TRADE, KIDNAPPING, &c.

Title 13, Chap. 19. SEC. 1046. No person shall be prosecuted, tried, or punished for any Limitation of crime arising under the revenne laws, or the slave-trade laws of the prosecution, &c. United States, unless the indictment is found or the information is in

stituted within five years next after the committing of such crime.

Title 70, Chap. 3. SEC. 5377. Every person who brings within the jurisdiction of the Bringing into United States, in any manner whatsoever, any negro, mulatto, or perUnited States, or son of color, from any foreign kingdom or country, or from sea, or holds, holding or sell- sells, or otherwise disposes of, any negro, mulatto, or person of color so ing persons as brought in as a slave, or to be held to service or labor, shall be fined not more than ten thousand dollars nor less than one thousand, one-half to the use of the United States, and the other half to the use of the party who prosecutes the indictment to effect, and, moreover, shall snffer imprisonment at hard labor not more than seven years, nor less than three years.

slaves.

trade.

Equipping ves- SEC. 5378. Every person who builds, fits out, equips, loads, or othersels for slave-wise prepares, or sends away, either as master, factor, or owner, any vessel, in any port or place within the jurisdiction of the United States, or causes such vessel to sail from any port or place whatsoever, within such jurisdiction, for the purpose of procuring any negro, mulatto, or person of color from any foreign kingdom or country, to be transported to any port or place whatsoever, to be held, sold, or otherwise disposed of as a slave, or held to service or labor, shall be punished by a fine of not less than one thousand dollars, nor more than five thousand dollars, one-half to the use of the United States and the other half to the use of the person prosecuting the indictment to effect, and shall, moreover, be imprisoned at hard labor for a term not more than seven years, nor less than three years. [See §§ 5551, 5552.]

held as slaves.

Transporting SEC. 5379. Every citizen or other person resident within the jurisdicpersons to be tion of the United States, who takes on board, receives, or transports from any foreign kingdom or country, or from sea, any negro, mulatto, or person of color, in any vessel, for the purpose of holding, selling, or otherwise disposing of such person as a slave, or to be held to service or labor, shall be punished as prescribed in the preceding section. [See §§ 5524, 5553, 5554, 5556.]

States w it h

SEC. 5380. Every captain, master, or commander of any American Hovering on vessel found in any river, port, bay, harbor, or on the high seas, within coast of United the jurisdictional limits of the United States, or hovering on the coast slaves on board. thereof, having on board any negro, mulatto, or person of color for the purpose of selling them as slaves, or with intent to land the same for any such purpose, shall be fined not more than ten thousand dollars, and be imprisoned at hard labor not less than two years, nor more than four years. [See § 5555.]

SEC. 5381. Every citizen of the United States, or other person residing Serving in vestherein, who voluntarily serves on board of any American vessel em- sels engaged in transporting ployed or made use of in the transportation of slaves from any foreign slaves. country or place to another, shall be punished by a fine of not more than two thousand dollars, and by imprisonment not more than two years. [See § 5556.]

Serving in for

SEC. 5382. Every citizen of the United States who voluntarily serves on board of any foreign vessel employed in the slave-trade, shall be eign vessels empunished as prescribed in the preceding section. [See § 1046.]

ployed in the slave-trade.

SEC. 5524. Every master or owner or person having charge of any Title 70, Chap. 7. vessel who receives on board any other person, with the knowledge or intent that such person is to be carried from any State, Territory, or board a vessel, or Receiving on district of the United States to a foreign country, state, or place, to be carrying a way held or sold as a slave, or carries away from any State, Territory, or dis- any person to be trict of the United States any such person, with the intent that he may sold or held as a be so held or sold as a slave, shall be punished by a fine of not more than five thousand nor less than five hundred dollars, or by imprisonment not more than five years, or by both. [See § 5379.]

slave.

SEC. 5525. Every person who kidnaps or carries away any other per- Kidnapping. son, with the intent that such other person be sold into involuntary servitude, or held as a slave; or who entices, persuades, or induces any other person to go on board any vessel or to any other place with the intent that he may be made or held as a slave, or sent out of the country to be so made or held; or who in any way knowingly aids in causing any other person to be held, sold, or carried away to be held or sold as a slave, shall be punished by a fine of not less than five hundred nor more than five thousand dollars, or by imprisonment not more than five years, or by both. [See § 5375, PIRACY.]

SEC. 5526. Every person who holds, arrests, or returns, or causes to be held, arrested, or returned, or in any manner aids in the arrest or return of any person to a condition of peonage, shall be punished by a fine of not less than one thousand nor more than five thousand dollars, or by imprisonment not less than one year nor more than five years, or by both.*

SEC. 5527. Every person who obstructs or attempts to obstruct, or in any way interferes with, or prevents the enforcement of, the preceding section, shall be liable to the pains and penalties therein prescribed.

Holding or returning persons to peonage.

Obstructing exprohibiting peon

ecution of laws

age.

Title 71. Equipping, &c.,

SEC. 5551. No person shall, for himself, or for another, as master, factor, or owner, build, fit, equip, load, or otherwise prepare any vessel, in any port or place within the jurisdiction of the United States, or cause vessel for slave. any vessel to sail from any port or place within the jurisdiction of the trade; forfeiture same, for the purpose of procuring any negro, mulatto, or person of of vessel. color, from any foreign kingdom, place, or country, to be transported to any port or place whatsoever, to be held, sold, or otherwise disposed of, as a slave, or to be held to service or labor; and every vessel so built, fitted out, equipped, laden, or otherwise prepared, with her tackle, apparel, furniture, and lading, shall be forfeited, one moiety to the use of the United States, and the other to the use of the person who sues for the forfeiture, and prosecutes the same to effect. [See § 5375, under PIRACY, and § 5382.]

SEC. 5552. Every person so building, fitting out, equipping, loading, Penalty on peror otherwise preparing or sending away any vessel, knowing or intend-sons building, equipping, &c. ing that the same shall be employed in such trade or business, contrary to the provisions of the preceding section, or any ways aiding or abetting therein, shall, besides the forfeiture of the vessel, pay the sum of two thousand dollars; one moiety thereof to the use of the United States, and the other moiety thereof to the use of the person who sues for and prosecutes the same to effect. [See § 5378.]

* Section 1990 abolishes peonage in the States and Territories.

Forfeiture of

SEC. 5553. Every vessel employed in carrying on the slave-trade, or vessel transport- on which is received or transported any negro, mulatto, or person of ing slaves. color, from any foreign kingdom or country, or from sea, for the purpose of holding, selling, or otherwise disposing of such person as a slave, or of holding such person to service or labor, shall, together with her tackle, apparel, furniture, and the goods and effects which may be found on board, or which may have been imported thereon in the same voyage, be forfeited; one moiety to the United States, and the other to the use of the person who sues for and prosecutes the forfeiture to effect. [See §§ 5378, 5379.] Penalty for re- SEC. 5554. If any citizen of the United States takes on board, receives, ceiving persons or transports any negro, mulatto, or person of color, for the purpose of on board to be selling such person as a slave, he shall, in addition to the forfeiture of

sold as slaves.

Forfeiture of

ering on coasts of

&c.

the vessel, pay for each person, so received on board or transported, the sum of two hundred dollars, to be recovered in any court of the United States; the one moiety thereof to the use of the United States, and the other moiety to the use of the person who sues for and prosecutes the same to effect. [See §§ 5379, 5524, 5626.]

SEC. 5555. Every vessel which is found in any river, port, bay, or harvessel found hov bor, or on the high seas, within the jurisdictional limits of the United United States, States, or hovering on the coasts thereof, and having on board any negro, mulatto, or person of color, with intent to sell such person as a slave, or with intent to land the same for that purpose, either in the United States or elsewhere, shall, together with her tackle, apparel, furniture, and the goods or effects on board of her, be forfeited to the United States. [See § 5380.]

Forfeiture of

SEC. 5556. It shall be unlawful for any citizen of the United States, or interest in ves- other person residing within them, directly or indirectly to hold or have sels transporting slaves. any right or property in any vessel employed or made use of in the transportation or carrying of slaves from one foreign country or place to another, and any such right or property shall be forfeited, and may be libeled and condemned for the use of the person suing for the same; and every person transgressing the prohibition of this section shall also forfeit and pay a sum of money equal to double the value of his right or property in such vessel; and shall also forfeit a sum of money equal to double the value of the interest he had in the slaves, which at any time may be transported or carried in such vessel.

Seizure of ves

the slave-trade.

SEC. 5557. The President is authorized, when he deems it expedient, to sels engaged in man and employ any of the armed vessels of the United States to cruise wherever he may judge attempts are making to carry on the slave-trade, by citizens or residents of the United States, in contravention of laws prohibitory of the same; and, in such case, he shall instruct the commanders of such armed vessels to seize, take, and bring into any port of the United States, to be proceeded against according to law, all American vessels, wheresoever found, which may have on board, or which may be intended for the purpose of taking on board, or of transporting, or may have transported any negro, mulatto, or person of color, in violation of the provisions of any act of Congress prohibiting the traffic in slaves. [See § 2163, IMMIGRATION.]

Proceeds of condemned

uted.

SEC. 5558. The proceeds of all vessels, their tackle, apparel, and furves-niture, and the goods and effects on board of them, which are so seized, sels, how distrib- prosecuted, and condemned, shall be divided equally between the United States and the officers and men who seize, take, or bring the same into port for condemnation, whether such seizure be made by an armed vessel of the United States or revenue cutter thereof; and the same shall be distributed as is provided by law for the distribution of prizes taken from an enemy.

sels.

Disposal of per- SEC. 5559. The officers and men, to be entitled to one-half of the prosons found on ceeds mentioned in the last section, shall safely keep every negro, muboard seized ves- latto, or person of color, found on board of any vessel so seized, taken, or brought into port, for condemnation, and shall deliver every such negro, mulatto, or person of color, to the marshal of the district into which he may be brought, if into a port of the United States, or if elsewhere, to such person as may be lawfully appointed by the President, in the manner directed by law; transmitting to the President, as soon as may be after such delivery, a descriptive list of such negroes, mulattoes, or persons of color, in order that he may give directions for the disposal of them.

Apprehension

SEC. 5560. The commanders of such commissioned vessels shall cause of officers and to be apprehended, and taken into custody, every person found on board

crew.

of such offending vessel, so seized and taken, being of the officers or crew thereof, and him convey, as soon as conveniently may be, to the civil authority of the United States, to be proceeded against in due course of law. [See §§ 5381, 5382.]

from seized ves

SEC. 5561. The President is authorized to make such regulations and Removal of perarrangements as he may deem expedient for the safe-keeping, support, sons delivered and removal beyond the limits of the United States, of all such negroes, gels. mulattoes, or persons of color, as may be delivered and brought within their jurisdiction; and to appoint a proper person residing upon the coast of Africa as agent, for receiving the negroes, mulattoes, or persons of color delivered from on board vessels seized in the prosecution of the slave-trade, by commanders of United States armed vessels. SEC. 5562. A bounty of twenty-five dollars shall be paid to the officers Bounty. and crews of the commissioned vessels of the United States, or revenuecutters, for each negro, mulatto, or person of color, who may be, as herein before provided, delivered to the marshal or agent duly appointed to receive such person; and the Secretary of the Treasury is required to pay, or cause to be paid, to such officers and crews, or their agent, such bounty for each person so delivered.

To what port

captured vessels

SEC. 5563. It shall be the duty of the commander of any armed vessel of the United States, whenever he makes any capture under the pre- sent. ceding provisions, to bring the vessel and her cargo, for adjudication, into some of the ports of the State or Territory to which such vessel so captured may belong, if he can ascertain the same; if not, then to be sent into any convenient port of the United States.

owners

SEC. 5564. Every owner, master, or factor of any foreign vessel, clear- When ing out for any of the coasts or kingdoms of Africa, or suspected to be of foreign vessels shall give bound. intended for the slave-trade, and the suspicion being declared to the officer of the customs by any citizen, on oath, and such information being to the satisfaction of the officer, shall first give bond, with sufficient sureties, to the Treasurer of the United States, that none of the natives of Africa, or any other foreign country or place, shall be taken on board such vessel, to be transported or sold as slaves in any other foreign port or place whatever, within nine months thereafter.

SEC. 5565. The forfeitures which may hereafter be incurred under any Distribution of of the preceding provisions, and which are not otherwise expressly dis- penalties. posed of, shall accrue and be one moiety thereof to the use of the informer, and the other moiety to the use of the United States, except where the prosecution is first instituted on behalf of the United States, in which case the whole shall be to their use.

reception in Af

SEC. 5566. It may be lawful for the President to enter into contract Contracts for with any person, society, or body-corporate, for a term not exceeding rica of persons five years, to receive from the United States, through their duly con- delivered from stituted agent upon the coast of Africa, all negroes, mulattoes, or per- seized vessels. sons of color, delivered from on board vessels seized in the prosecution of the slave-trade, by commanders of the United States armed vessels, and to provide such negroes, mulattoes, and persons of color with comfortable clothing, shelter, and provisions, for a period not exceeding one year from the date of their being landed on the coast of Africa, at a price in no case to exceed one hundred dollars for each person so clothed, sheltered, and provided with food; and any contract so made may be renewed by the President from time to time as found necessary, for periods not to exceed five years on each renewal.

Instructions to of

armed vessels.

SEC. 5567. The President is authorized to issue instructions to the commanders of the armed vessels of the United States, directing them, when- commanders ever it is practicable, and under such rules and regulations as he may prescribe, to proceed directly to the coast of Africa, and there hand over to the agent of the United States all negroes, mulattoes, and persons of color delivered from on board vessels seized in the prosecution of the slave-trade; and they shall afterward bring the captured vessels and persons engaged in prosecuting such trade to the United States for trial and adjudication.

Contracts for

SEC. 5568. It may be lawful for the President to enter into arrangement, by contract or otherwise, with one or more foreign governments reception, &c., in having possessions in the West Indies or other tropical regions, or with West Indies, of their duly constituted agent, to receive from the United States, for a term ed from seized persons delivernot exceeding five years, at such place as may be agreed upon, all negroes, vessels. inulattoes, or persons of color, delivered from on board vessels seized in the prosecution of the slave-trade, by commanders of United States armed vessels, and to provide them with suitable instruction, and with

comfortable clothing and shelter, and to employ them, at wages, under such regulations as may be agreed upon, for a period not exceeding five years from the date of their being landed at the place agreed upon. But the United States shall incur no expenses on account of such negroes, mulattoes, or persons of color, after having landed them at the place agreed upon. And any arrangement so made may be renewed by the President from time to time, as may be found necessary, for periods not exceeding five years on each renewal.

Instructions to SEC. 5569. The President is authorized to issue instructions to the commanders of commanders of the armed vessels of the United States, directing them, armed vessels. whenever it is practicable, and under such regulations as he may prescribe, to proceed directly to such place as shall have been agreed upon with any foreign government, or its duly constituted agen, under the provisions of the preceding section, and there deliver to the duly constituted authorities or agents of such foreign government all negroes, mulattoes, or persons of color, taken from on board vessels seized in the prosecution of the slave-trade; and they shall afterward bring the vessel and persons engaged in prosecuting such trade to the United States for trial and adjudication. [See §§ 2158–2164, IMMIGRATION.]

Sec.

SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION.

5579. Incorporation of the Institution. 5580. Regents.

5581. Appointment of regents. 5582. Organization of board.

Title 73. Will of James Smithson.

Sec.

5583. Duties of Secretary.

5586. Reception and arrangement of specimens and objects of art.

PREAMBLE. James Smithson, esquire, of London, in the kingdom of Great Britain, having by his last will and testament given the whole of his property to the United States of America, to found, at Washington, under the name of the "Smithsonian Institution," an establishment for the increase and diffusion of knowledge among men; and the United States having, by an act of Congress, received said property and accepted said trust; therefore, for the faithful execution of said trust, according to the will of the liberal and enlightened donor,

Incorporation SEC. 5579. The President, the Vice-President, the Secretary of State, of the Institution. the Secretary of the Treasury, the Secretary of War, the Secretary of the Navy, the Postmaster General, the Attorney-General, the Chief Justice, the Commissioner of the Patent-Office, and the governor of the District of Columbia, and such other persons as they may elect honorary members, are hereby constituted an establishment, by the name of the "Smithsonian Institution," for the increase and diffusion of knowledge among men; and by that name shall be known and have perpetual succession, with the powers, limitations, and restrictions hereinafter contained, and no other.

Regents.

Appointment of regents.

SEC. 5580. The business of the institution shall be conducted at the city of Washington by a Board of Regents, named the Regents of the Smithsonian Institution, to be composed of the Vice-President, the Chief Justice of the United States, and the governor of the District of Columbia, three members of the Senate and three members of the House of Representatives; together with six other persons, other than members of Congress, two of whom shall be resident in the city of Washington; and the other four shall be inhabitants of some State, but no two of thei of the same State.

SEC. 5581. The regents to be selected shall be appointed as follows: The members of the Senate by the President thereof; the members of the House by the Speaker thereof; and the six other persons by joint resolution of the Senate and House of Representatives. The members of the House so appointed shall serve for the term of two years; and on every alternate fourth Wednesday of December a like number shall be appointed in the same manner, to serve until the fourth Wednesday in December, in the second year succeeding their appointment. The Senators so appointed shall serve during the term for which they shall hold, without re-election, their office as Senators. Vacancies, occasioned by death, resignation, or otherwise, shall be filled as vacancies in committees are filled. The regular term of service for the other six members shall be six years; and new elections thereof shall be made by joint resolutions of Congress. Vacancies occasioned by death, resignation, or otherwise may be filled in like manner by joint resolution of Congress.