He and a brother-officer, the count de Klebelsberg, were rivals in their pretensions to the hand of a rich and beautiful Bohemian heiress, the countess Wuyrbna. As both could not succeed, they determined on removing any difficulty the lady might feel in selection by a duel à outrance. The intended affair was, however, reported to the authorities, and they were th placed under arrest. Their purpose was not, however, to be thus summarily defeated; they accordingly betook themselves to Poland, and their in the neutral territory of Cracow, met and fought. For a considerable time victory was doubt ful; at length, however, the antagonist of O'Reilly bit the dust, but not until the latter had received many dangerous wounds. The lady's affections, hand and fortune, were the reward of the conqueror. General O'Reilly died childless."

CAPT. STEPHEN OLNEY.

At North-Providence, R. I. Nov. 23, Capt. STEPHEN OLNEY, aged 77. Capt. Olney was born in North-Providence, in October, 1755. He was lineally descended from Thomas Olney, joint purchaser of Providence with Roger Williams; and he lived and died on an estate that formed a part of the original purchase. He entered the army of the revolution in 1775, in his 20th year, and marched to Cambridge as lieutenant in Captain Jeremiah Olney's company of Infantry. After the evacuation of Boston by the British, in 1777, he marched with the army to New-York, and was in the disastrous actions on Long Island in that year; also at White Plains and other places in the vicinity of NewYork, and was in the retreat through NewJersey. In 1777, he fought in the battles of Brandywine and Germantown. In the severe engagement at Springfield, he received his first wound from a ball in the

arm.

In the gallant defence of Fort Mercer at Red Bank, when stormed by Count Donop, his youthful bravery was highly distinguished; and he received promotion to a captaincy shortly after. He was next engaged in the battle of Monmouth, and hutted with the army at Morristown in the winter of 1778. When Cornwallis was ravaging North-Carolina and Virginia, Captain Olney's company was ordered to join the detachment under the command of the Marquis de Lafayette, who endeavour ed to check the progress of the enemy. The prowess of this brave detachment is well recollected. They afterwards re-joined the main army before Yorktown, and assisted in its reduction and the capture of

Cornwallis. The conduct of Capt. Olney at this place is precious among the deeds of revolutionary valour. It became necessary to the completion of the second parallel of the besiegers to take two redoubts lying several hundred yards in front of the enemy's lines; and it was decided by the commander-in-chief to carry them by storm. To excite emulation, the attack on the redoubt upon the right, was committed to the Americans under the Marquis de Lafayette and Colonel Hamilton, accompanied by Colonel Laurens, and upon the other on the left to the French, commanded by the Baron de Viomesnil, and other officers. Towards night on the 14th Oct. 1781, after a brief exhortation from their commanders, the troops, animated with the assurance that the result of the siege depended greatly on the success of this attack, and that victory would bring their toils to a close, pressed forward with great impetuosity, under the fire of the enemy, the Americans with unloaded muskets being determined to decide the affair by their bayonets. Captain Olney at the head of his company, led the assault on the right redoubt, and hastily passing the abbatis, was the first to mount the parapet, and standing there alone, gave with a loud voice, in the face of the enemy, his heroic command, "Let Captain Olney's company form here!" This was a signal for a general attack upon him from within, which he parried with his spontoon, receiving, however, several bayonet wounds, one severe, in the side, before the troops poured in, and put an end to all resistance. As he was carried away to the hospital, amidst the applause of the army, the commander-in-chief hearing it said that poor Olney was mortally wounded, happened to inquire who was borne in the litter on which he lay. Upon this Captain Olney raised his head and replied, “ A full blooded Yankee;" and this he was, to the last.

Captain Olney soon recovered, and the war being apparently near its conclusion, he resigned his commission, and returned home to the care of his domestic concerns, and to the occupation of an independent, substantial farmer. He was called to represent his native town in the General Assembly, and continued in that office for about twenty years. He was also for many years President of the town council, and held other appointments from the town and state, with ability, honour and entire acceptance, until the weight of age and infirmities induced him to decline all public business.

Captain Olney suffered greatly for seve ral years, from a diseased condition of one of his arms, so that in 1831 amputation became necessary to save his life. But his

health was so much impaired that the remainder of his days was passed in great bodily suffering, which was relieved by death on the 23d of November.

DR. SPURZHEIM.

Dec. 10-At Boston, in the United States of America, Dr. Spurzheim, the highly celebrated phrenologist.

He was born on the 31st of December, 1776, at Tongeuits, a village near Treves, on the Moselle. His parents cultivated a farm of the rich Abbey of St. Maximin de Treves, and he received his college education at the university of that city. He was destined for the church, but in 1799, when the French invaded that part of Germany, he went to study medicine at Vienna, where he became acquainted with Dr. Gall, with whom he remained for so many years in close connexion. He entered with great zeal into the consideration of the new doctrine of Phrenology, and, to use his own words, "he was simply a hearer of Dr. Gall till 1804, at which period he associated with him in his labours, and his character of hearer ceased."

Having completed his medical studies, he and Dr. Gall quitted Vienna in 1805, to travel together, and to pursue in common their researches into the anatomy and physiology of the whole nervous system. During the period which elapsed between the introduction of Dr. Gall's lectures at Vienna, and the time when he and Dr. Spurzheim quitted that capital, the doctrine had made a rapid progress, not only in general diffusion, but in solid and important additions, by their joint labours.

From 1804 to 1813 they were constantly together, and their researches were conducted in common. They left Vienna in March, 1805, to proceed direct to Berlin, and from that time until November, 1807, visited the following places, jointly lecturing and pursuing dissections of the brain:Leipzic, Dresden, Halle, Jena, Weimar, Goettingen, Brauenrschweig, Copenhagen, Keil, Hamburg, Bremen, Munster, Amsterdam, Leyden, Dusseldorf, Frankfort, Wurtzbourg, Maubourg, Stuttgard, Carlsruhe, Tustall, Friezbourghen, Brisgau, Doneschingue, Heidelberg, Manheim, Munich, Augsbourg, Ulm, Zurich, Berne, and Basle.

From this period until 1810 he was engaged with Dr. Gall in compiling and bringing out in Paris their great work, enFFf

titled "Anatomie et Physiologie du Systeme Nerveux en général, et du Cerveau en particulieur."

After its completion their joint labours ceased, when Dr. Spurzheim published his "Observations sur Phrenologie," his works on education, and some other small works in French. In 1813 he paid another visit to Vienna, where he took his degree of M. D. In 1814 he arrived in England. During his stay there he published two editions of his Physiognomical System, in 8vo.; his Outlines, 12mo.; and his octavo work on Insanity. He delivered lectures in London, Bath, Bristol, Dublin, Cork, Liverpool, and Edinburgh.

Dr. Spurzheim continued his labours in Paris until 1825, contributing "largely to the advancement of Phrenology, by enriching it with important discoveries; by introducing into it philosophic arrangement, and pointing out its application to many interesting purposes connected with the human mind." In 1825, at the solicitation of a great number of his friends, he again visited London, and gave a course of lectures at the Crown and Anchor, to a numerous class; another short course at Willis's rooms; and several courses of dissection of the brain at St. Thomas's and St. Bartholomew's hospitals, and some in the medical schools. During his residence there he published his "Phrenology, or the Doctrine of the Mind, and of its Relations between its Manifestations and the Body," with fifteen engravings; also "A view of the Philosophical Principles of Phrenology." Having made a considerable impression, he was again invited to visit England, when, after lecturing in London, he went to Bath, Bristol, Birmingham, Manchester, Liverpool, Derby, and Cambridge university; and during this and the following years he sojourned at most of the principal places in England, Ireland, and Scotland, lecturing to very large classes. During this latter period he published, "The Anatomy of the Brain, with a general view of the Nervous System," with eleven plates; "Phrenology in Connexion with the Study of Physiognomy," with thirty-four plates; "A sketch of the Natural Laws of Man;" "Outlines of the Science;" and several pamphlets, letters, and answers to the objections made to the science.

Some of the views taken in these works by Dr. Spurzheim, differ from those advanced in the writings of Gall; and to the list of organs, given by the latter, Dr. S. has added nine others. To these he has

given the names of Inhabitiveness, Conscientiousness, Hope, Marvellousness, Size, Weight or Resistance, Order, Eventuality, and Time.

In the year 1832, Dr. Spurzheim departed for the American continent, and having arrived in Boston, commenced a series of lectures. He had finished his course, with the exception of the concluding lecture, when he was prevented from continuing by severe indisposition, of which there had previously been some striking indications. At length his physical powers, strong as they appeared to be, yielded to the disease, which, perhaps, operated also with augmented strength upon a constitution of great susceptibility, and in a climate to which it was not habituated.

ROBERT C. SANDS.

In New-York, Dec. 17, ROBERT C. SANDS, in the 34th year of his age. He was in the enjoyment of good health, until four hours previous to his death, which was caused by an apoplexy.

Mr. Sands was the son of Comfort Sands, then the only survivor of the Convention of 1777, in the state of NewYork, for the formation of the state constitution. The deceased was educated at Columbia College, and graduated in 1815. At this institution-the Alma Mater of many fine scholars-Sands was pre-emi

ent.

In his very boyhood, there was a classical ease, grace, and correctness in his writings, that made them fit models for riper years. When only 14 years of age, he published the Academic Recreations, a work extending to three hundred pages. On leaving college, he studied law, and opened his office, but he never loved the practice of his profession, and was constantly found in the grove of the Muses.

In 1817, he was engaged with two or three literary friends in producing a series of essays in the Daily Advertiser, under the title of The Neologist. These essays extended to many numbers, and attracted much attention.

In 1819, in concert with some of the same literary club, he was engaged in writing another series of papers in the Commercial Advertiser, under the signature of "The Amphilogist." These gave their authors a high rank in the literary world;they were critical, moral, playful and instructive productions, but most remarkable for their purity of taste. Some of the translations from the Greek and Roman authors,

were specimens of the highest order, evineing a thorough knowledge of the original, and a most felicitous command of language.

In 1822, Mr. Sands was one of the editors of the Atlantic Magazine, and afterwards of the New-York Review-journals that were marked in every page by taste and talent. In 1820, appeared "Yamoyden, by the late J. W. Eastburn and his friend." Mr. Sands was this friend. This work was popular, but never received its due meed of praise. It contains the sweet melancholy of Lyttleton, and the harmonious flow of Beattie. These twin-sons of the Muse were among the first who ever strove to do honour to the patriotism and valour of the native children of the American forest.

In 1827, Mr. Sands became an assistant editor of the Commercial, and continued as an assistant until his death; but still, he found ample time to employ his pen in occasional works of a literary character. He was one of the three joint authors of the Talisman, published by E. Bliss. This work was equal to any ever published in the country in point of fine writing, and professional execution; but it was discontinued for want of sufficient patronage. Mr. Sands was also a contributor to works issued from the prolific press of the Harpers. The last piece of composition from his pen was an article for a forthcoming magazine. The last of his poetical compositions, was printed in the Commercial, of Nov. 30, entitled, "THE DEAD of 1832." It was a requiem over departed genius, and receives a melancholy beauty by his sudden and unexpected fate.

Mr. Sands was not only a genius of high order, a ripe and deep scholar, but his affections were of the purest kind. His enmities, if he ever had any thing in his breast that would come under that name, were momentary, but his friendships were lasting. He was free from all literary jealousy, as if every particle of his knowledge had come by inspiration, not by labour. He could hear his rivals praised without feeling any rankling at his heart, and assisted his compeers with delicacy when they were at a loss for words or thoughts. His classical ear detected every instance of false measure in a line of poetry, and he suggested a correction without any attempt to show his superiority. He had the command of the satiric muse, but she always came to him with a smile, for she knew the purity of his soul too well to drop one accent of bitterness in her inspiration.-Com, Adv,

CAPT. JOSEPH PRATT. In Oxford, N. H. Capt. JOSEPH PRATT. Capt. Pratt sailed from Salem, Mass., as commander of several privateers, and was engaged in this service through the revolutionary war. The last which he commanded was the Grand Turk. In this famous privateer, he made three cruizes; during the first cruize, he took the Providenee, Capt. Hancock, an English man-of-war brig of 16 six pounders; on this cruize he also captured several rich prizes loaded with fish, sugar, and rum. He entered the English channel, and from thence steered for the West Indies, and after numerous captures, returned to Salem. In the second cruize he went off Halifax, where he captured an eight gun schooner; thence off cape North, where he fell in with five light ships, and after manning two of them, steered his way off New-York. Here he ran alongside a French ship in the hands of the enemy, lying near the light-house, but was obliged to relinquish the prize, owing to the appearance of an English man-of-war in chase after the privateer. In making off, he fell in with a vessel from New-York, which he took, and brought into Salem harbour. The third and last cruize was from Salem to the West India seas; there he was very successful in the capture of rich prizes. It was here that he fell in with the British ship Pompey, of 22 long nines and 70 men, which struck after a short fight, and was brought into Salem. He then fell in with a privateer ship of 16 four-pounders, which he took and carried into Martinique, where she was sold. As soon as the government of the country was established, this gentleman commenced his commercial career, and in memory of his success in the war, named the first large ship launched in Salem, the "Grand Turk.' This ship, under the command of Capt. Benj. Hodges, opened the commerce with the East Indies, and laid the foundation of intercourse with the commercial nations of the East.

AMOS BINNEY.

In Boston, Jan. 10, 1833, AMOS BINNEY, aged 65.

Colonel Binney was born at Hull, Massachusetts, in the year 1768, and bring left an orphan at an early age, he entered upon the active duties of life, without the previous advantage of a single day's tuition, at any school, public or private-all the knowledge he possessed was acquired by his own efforts, while actively engaged in business pursuits.

Prompted by a desire to become acquainted with the natural advantages of our own soil, Mr. Binney in his youth made a pedestrian excursion throughout the whole interior of New-England. With a mind naturally prone to take enlarged and liberal views of men and things-habits extremely systematic and methodical, and a memory remarkably retentive, the information he acquired, on this excursion, proved exceedingly useful, and eventually of much importance in its bearings upon his subsequent pursuits. After his return to Boston, he embarked in trade, and by industry and application soon acquired sufficient property to live with competence and ease. At this time he took a commission in the militia, and soon after became somewhat distinguished as a partizan of the national administration, opposed, of course, to the then dominant party in Massachusetts.

Just before the commencement of the late war, Col. Binney was appointed navy agent for the port of Boston, an office which he retained until the year 1826. His official conduct was made the subject of severe scrutiny, upon charges preferred against him soon after the war terminated. but the investigation resulted in his full acquital. It may well be doubted whether there was another person in the United States, in office or out, during the late war, from whose individual exertions so much advantage and glory resulted to the country, as flowed from the personal efforts of the navy agent at Boston. This may seem a bold assertion, yet it is true. The want of confidence in the Federal government, the embarrassed state of the national finances-the spirit of opposition to the war in New-England generally, and at Boston in particular, are well known facts. It is not so generally known, though equally true, that the navy agent at Boston was repeatedly without funds of the government for several weeks, at times when the sinews of war were urgently wanted to fit the ships of our gallant navy for sea. On more than one occasion Old Iron-Sides herself must have remained in ordinary, had not the means to prepare her for sea, to recruit her crew, and to supply her stores, been furnished upon the personal responibility of the navy agent. His accounts duly settled at the Treasury show very large balances against the government, at the end of each quarter, for several successive terms. This money he was enabled to advance, partly by the mortgage and sale of his own real estate, and partly by the aid of the late Wm. Gray, who loaned him large sums, on his personal responsi