"You well know the sublime disinterestedness which distinguishes the father of Colombia, general Bolivar, without whose existence neither should we have a country, nor would your name have shone in a hundred victories. Such is the man whom a band of infamous detractors accuse of ambition, at the very moment whilst in his passage through the southern departments of Peru, he was re-establishing constitutional order, despising the dictatorship which there was offered to him; and, at the moment that, without remaining in Bogota more than eleven days, he had proceed ed towards Venezuela, to render the power of the laws again trium. phant. Now, the constitution of Colombia is again the bond which unites all her sons; and yet at this very time, some unnatural Colom. bians are opening the wounds of their country afresh.

"A portion of the officers of the battalions Araure and Rifles, are the traitors, who, offering to the troops to recover for them their arrears and gratifications, induced their corps to mutiny, and with them have just wrought upon the battalion Vencedor, and afterwards attacked the battalion Caraccas, so as to involve the whole in the insurrection. In the sequel, nothing has turned out as they expected; and after

fenders of liberty, they have alarmed Lima, calumniously charging the generals of Colombia with seeking to usurp the command of the people. You know the Liberator, who is the shield of American liberty; general Lara, whose only desire is to be the soldiers' father; general Cordoba, all whose ambition aims but to conduct you in battle; you know the generals Salon, Sands, and Figueredo, and all the rest who accompanied you to liberate Peru,--that they have been our constant friends in prosperity, and in adversity; that they have partaken with you of glory and of privations. You are witnesses that the people of Bolivia have proffered me the perpetual presidency of this republic, and that I have refused it, preferring, to all commands and all titles, that of citizen of Colombia. You know that if I temporarily exercise the supreme authority, it is to serve the people, and in order not to absent myself without restoring you to your country. And who accuses us? A set of cowardly intriguers, never seen perhaps by one of you in the field of battle.

"These perjured men have publicly insulted you in Lima, imagining that this division would also revolt from its chiefs. To expose this black imposture, I have come to place myself in the midst of your bayonets. Sure I am that

you are still the same brave soldiers of Vargas, Boyaca, Carabobo, Puerto Cabello, Cartajena, Pi. chincha, Junin, Ayacucho,-who will never forfeit the glory of a hundred combats."

Here he paused, and taking in his hand the standard of the battalion Ayacucho, he concluded:

"Soldiers :--I hold here our ral. lying point, under all circumstances: this banner, which distinguishes our country among the nations, and under which you have marched from victory to victory, from the banks of the Orinoco to Po. tosi; this banner, for which you have shed your blood to immortalize the Colombian name,and around which, three nations, shaking off the op. pression of Spanish power, have flocked at the war cry of liberty. Beneath the shadow of its laurels, let us renew our oaths to be for ever Colombians, faithful to our country's laws."

Contradictory accounts have been given of the internal condition of Bolivia at this period. The Chilian newspapers represent the people as being dissatisfied with the new constitution, and as waiting only for an auspicious occasion to throw it off, and establish a more liberal system. They also represent the army as being disaffected towards its generals; but if it was so, it is probable the frank and confiding conduct of Sucre removed all pretext for any insur

rectionary movements. Had it been otherwise, general Cordoba would not have felt justified in leaving Bolivia at this time, as he did, in order to attend to some personal affairs in the south of Colombia. But the country, it is certain, was not entirely free from causes of uneasiness. The separation of the province of Salta from the republic of the Rio de la Plata, and the ex. pulsion of general Arenales from his command there, tended to af fect the tranquillity of the contiguous districts of Bolivia. The Condor of March 15th, notices the detection of a conspiracy in Chuquisaca and Potosi, on account of which twenty-two individuals had been arrested in the latter city, and eight in the former; and inquiries were actively making to obtain a complete developement of the object and extent of the conspiracy, both of which remained uncertain. About this time, also, it is said that some churches were stripped of their silver, in order to send it to Colombia; and dollars were coin. ed, bearing on the front a head of Bolivar crowned with a laurel wreath, and the inscription, LIBER POR LA CONSTITUCION; upon the reverse, a singular device, described in our chapter on Colombia, and around the edge, SUCRE, AYACUCHO MDCCCXXIV. If these accounts are true, probably it must have required all the disinterestedness and popularity of Sucre to preserve

Bolivia from the agitations which pervaded Colombia and Peru.

Just before the Peruvian revolution, Sucre concluded a treaty with Ortiz Ceballos, the plenipotentiary of Peru in Bolivia; by which, the latter country, on condition of assuming five millions of the Peruvian debt, acquired an important accession of territory in the maritime provinces of Tarapacá, and Arica, belonging to the Peruvian department of Arequipa, and forming the nearest communication from Potosi to the ocean. It is not likely that this treaty was ratified immediately; for soon afterwards the new government of Peru sent letters of recall to her ministers in Bolivia and Chili, probably distrusting men who had been appointed by Bolivar, and were, perhaps, subservient to his views. This furnishes no ground to apprehend a rupture between Bolivia and Peru; the latter having formally acknowledged the independence of the former; and being in no condition to prosecute a war with the experienced and skilful Sucre, if her rulers were so foolish as to be disposed to do it.

Still

Lower Peru must very naturally feel a desire to be re-united to Upper Peru, from which, in the capricious despotism of Spain, it was so arbitrarily severed, contrary to all the obvious principles of association, and subjected to the Viceroy of Buenos Ayres. It would

be no wise surprising, therefore, if in the various changes which these countries may be destined to undergo, the two Perus should, at no remote period, be confederated under a single government.

But the continued refusal of the congress of the Rio de la Plata to recognise the independence of Upper Peru, is eminently absurd, and injudicious. The provinces of the Rio de la Plata, when their union was apparently the closest, were held together by a rope of sand. After fifteen years of independence, they had proved unable to agree upon a constitution of government. And they seem to have proceeded upon a false principle, in seeking to force particular provinces to continue associated with Buenos Ayres, contrary to their respective interests and inclinations. Their denial to Bolivia of the right of constituting its own government, is nothing but an act upon paper; because, even if the war of the Banda Oriental were at an end, it would be impossible for the provinces of the La Plata to compel Upper Peru to join their confederacy. They complain, to be sure, of the annexation to Bolivia of Tarija, a portion of the province of Salta; but we have not facts sufficient to judge which party, if either, is blameable in the transaction.

Our latest intelligence from ge. neral Sucre left him at Oruro, on the 24th of April, on his march