stores within this district sell at least four pounds of morphine and six ounces of cocaine each month. It is practically impossible to ascertain exactly how much cocaine or morphine any particular drug store buys in spite of the fact that wholesale houses keep a record. The druggist who sells cocaine illegally, orders some through his friends or orders direct from the manufacturer. Again the records of the wholesale houses are apt to be in error. For instance a clerk in a drug store at (X112) West 22nd street turned in an order for one ounce of cocaine and asked for three ounces, which were given him. The records show he ordered one ounce. This is often done.

It appears that prostitutes use little cocaine as compared with the amount of morphine they consume.

TYPICAL CASES.

There are four druggists whose method of catering to the prostitutes is to send clerks to their respective customers in the various houses of prostitution to solicit orders, including cocaine and morphine.

(X113) makes up one ounce vials of cocaine in one per cent. solution which he sells under great secrecy. He caters to the (X114), (X115) avenue, where two prostitutes named Blanche and Alice order on an average of 500 tablets a week of morphine sulphate, using a hypodermic syringe and injecting the drug. He also caters to a house operated by madame (X116), (X117) avenue, where Florence, a prostitute, uses on an average thirteen grains of morphine and cocaine interchangeably every day.

At the (X118), (X119) Dearborn street, Violet and Bebe have been buying morphine in large quantities from (X120). He also supplies cocaine to Rosie (X121) avenue. He carries a large stock of hypodermic syringes which he sells to habitues, and prostitutes known to him are in the habit of going to the store, stepping behind the counter and obtaining morphine and cocaine without any record being kept.

The (X122) Drug Store, (X123) 21st street, also has a clerk soliciting orders in a similar manner. In (X124) avenue, known as (X125), practically every girl in the house uses cocaine or morphine which was introduced by a prostitute named Sadie (X126), who originally purchased the drug at the (X127) Drug Store and who now caters to their trade.

(X128), corner of (X129) and (X130), have a boy called (X130a) who solicits orders in a like manner from a number of the larger houses, and procures orders for as much as one ounce of cocaine and ten ounces of morphine a day.

Such drug stores as (X131) Pharmacy, (X131a), and (X132) street, and (X133) Dearborn street, have boys who solicit from the various houses.

Many prescription blanks have been presented to the drug stores in that locality bearing the name of Dr. (X136), (X137) street. Upon investigation it was found that this was a fictitious name, and that these prescriptions were for the most part incorrectly written. Nevertheless they were filled by druggists in that vicinity.

The physician, the most important element in the sale of cocaine, disobeys the law more openly than the druggist. It has been claimed that practically all physicians who examine inmates in houses dispense cocaine and morphine.

Dr. (X138), (X139) State street, while treating a girl at (X140) Dearborn street, accustomed her to the use of morphine and cocaine. He still continues to furnish her with prescriptions for these drugs. There are at present two girls at (X141) avenue who also secure morphine and cocaine through Dr. (X138).

Dr. (X143), (X144), is the examining physician in a house of ill fame. Many of the inmates claim to secure their drugs from him.

Investigator claims to have seen many prescriptions of Dr. (X145), (X146) State street, calling for cocaine.

It is well known by inmates that a physician, (X147), (X148) 22nd street, will for the price of $1.00 administer a hypodermic injection of cocaine. On or about March 15, 1910, a cocaine victim called (X149), an actor, visited Dr. (X150) and secured from him six prescriptions for cocaine for $6.00.

During the first two weeks of September, 1910, Sadie (X151), an inmate at (X152) avenue, a house owned by (X153), was rooming at (X154) South State street with another inmate who is a street solicitor named "Tantine." Tantine has in her possession a complete hop layout, and was teaching Sadie how to smoke opium. They are not living together now. Sadie has discontinued the practice. She informed investigator that Tantine purchased opium in a playing card which was bent in half with a wad of opium stuck in the inside like an ordinary piece of chewing gum. She purchased the opium in this form at (X155) drug store, (X156) street, and (X157). She also purchased it from Chinamen, who sold it put up in the following form. An ordinary Chinese nut is cut in half, the kernel being removed, the hollow shell is then filled with opium, and the two parts of the shell are glued together. It is then sold in this manner, which makes it very difficult to detect from the ordinary nut. She said she was in two places with Tantine where she had purchased

it in that form, both being on Clark street near Harrison. She does not know the exact number.

During the early part of the year 1909, Sadie (X151) roomed with an immoral woman called "Carmen" who also solicited at (X159) avenue and purchased cocaine from (X160). She had a little box which was used for cocaine only. Sadie further states that she is acquainted with a young man whose name she does not remember, who comes into the house to see her quite often. This man is the owner of an opium den on (X161) street. He has invited her down there at various times, but she does not like the idea of going alone. (X162) of (X163) drug store secures her orders for drugs now. She says (X164) is an old friend of hers, and formerly supplied her with morphine tablets, but she does not use any at present.

XIII. Owners and Real Estate Agents. The court records show that practically no effort has been made during the past three years to prosecute owners and real estate agents who are leasing and renting property for immoral purposes. The law affecting these persons is a dead letter.

The reasons for this are very apparent, first, the indifference of the public, and second, but perhaps the most vital, is because such property brings an exorbitant rate of interest on the capital invested.

These artificial values in the last analysis are the basis of a great many difficulties in connection with the problem of the social evil. It was shown that the main reason why it is so difficult to suppress prostitution in connection with saloons was because of the enormous profits which are made from drinks in the rear rooms and from the rental of rooms over the saloon. The same argument applies to assignation hotels.

This difficulty is very apparent when entire houses or apartments are rented outright for this purpose. On the West Side there are a number of properties which are practically worthless for legitimate purposes. A business man endeavored to buy a lot on which was erected a frame building, which was being used as a house of ill fame. The lot is 90 feet and the owner was offered $36,000.00, or $400.00 per front foot. He declined to sell, saying that he was securing an income on a value of $700.00 per front foot, and that he would not sell even for that amount.

1See Chapter II, "The Social Evil and the Saloon."

In another instance a lot was held for $450.00 per front foot, when its legitimate value was only $350.00.

In still another case a lot was held for $850.00 per front foot when its appraised value by an expert for legitimate purposes was only $500.00.

The amazing part of the whole matter is that while these properties are so valuable to the owner, the taxes on them are practically nothing in comparison. The assessments are on a legitimate basis.

There is another side of the story also. While these properties are increasing in value, without a cent of expense on the part of the owner in improvements, the property in the neighborhood is decreasing, or at a standstill.

The Commission has secured a large list of owners of houses where prostitution is openly practiced. In some instances these owners are vile and abandoned men who make a business of exploiting these unfortunate women. And side by side with these men, ignorant and vile, stand so-called respectable citizens who are also sharing in the increased values from property used to extend the business of prostitution. Indeed evidence has been produced tending to show that a highly honored and respectable company, in whose hands respectable citizens entrust their money, has apparently assumed the trusteeship of four of the vilest houses of ill-fame in the 22nd street restricted district.

Another disgraceful fact is that some ostensibly respectable women are owners or have control of property where prostitution is practiced.

Again several wealthy and prominent business men, whose advice is sought in matters pertaining to the civic welfare and development of Chicago, are leasing their houses on (X164a) street and (X164b) avenue for this business. One of these men has six houses in a part of the district where the most disgusting and flagrant violations of the law and police rules occur. Young men hardly out of their teens have been seen reeling in an intoxicated condition from one of these houses to the other. One Saturday night it was all one officer could do to keep a crowd of drunken young men moving and prevent fights on the streets. In one instance he brutally kicked a young fellow and shoved him into the street. In another instance, at the request of the keeper of one of these low resorts, the officer entered her house and threw a drunken young man out on the street, menacing him with his club.

A field investigation was made in order to determine the ease with. which flats and houses can be leased from real estate agents for immoral purposes. During the month of October investigator visited 65 real estate agents and owners, most of whom were located in residential sections of the city, and in 44 instances they offered to rent rooms and flats. In each instance the investigator stated she wanted to rent the premises for a "sporting house."

TYPICAL INSTANCES.

South Side. Of the 22 real estate owners and agents visited on the South Side, 15 were willing to rent flats or houses for immoral purposes. Among these were the following:

Mr. (X165), said to be agent or owner of flat building from (X166) to (X167) Wabash avenue. He offered to rent a five room flat on the third floor of one of these buildings for $35.00 per month. The applicant could have same for two months, rent in advance, if she behaved herself and did not play the piano after 11:00 P. M. She must be careful whom she let in and to whom she sold beer.

Mr. (X165) said it was not necessary to "stand in" with the officer on the beat, but must be with the "higher ups."

(X169) Wabash avenue. Janitor told investigator that she might be able to sublet a flat in this building. The agent was (X170). One office being at (X171) East 47th street. This firm also rents the (X172) flats at (X173) East 21st street. There are 18 immoral flats in this building.

(X174) East 23rd street. Janitor showed investigator a flat of six rooms for $37.50 per month. (X175) in a saloon nearby, rented the flats. The owner was an old man who was away much of the time. Could do anything in this place, but must be quiet.

(X176), (X177) Wabash avenue. One of the aldermen of the (X176) ward. (X179) showed investigator a flat at (X180) 22nd street, rent $35.00 per month. It was a very dirty place. The agent said she could do as she pleased in this flat.

West Side. Of the 11 real estate agents visited on the West Side, eight were willing to rent flats or houses for immoral purposes.

(X181), (X182), West Madison street. Agent said he was sure the landlord would rent a flat at (X183) West Van Buren street for $25.00 or at (X184) Honore street for $22.50 for that purpose. Was not sure about (X185) West Madison street.